... expression and purificationE. coli Pta and Pta-F1, Pta-F2 and Pta-F3 were producedin E. coli K-12 AG1, E. coli BL21(DE3) or E. coli M15containing the corresponding expression vectors (p–Pta,pET28–F1, ... mm PEP or 10 mm pyruvate(Fig. 5B).On the other hand, E. coli Pta acetyl phosphate-forming activity was measured in the presence of acti-vators (pyruvate or PEP) and inhibitors (NADH or ATP) ... transduction pathways,and also protects cells against carbon starvation[1,10]. Moreover, Pta has been suggested to act as asensor and ⁄ or response regulator for the intracellularacetyl-CoA ⁄ CoA...