... situations,understand mathematical concepts, clarify and communicate their thinking, and make connec-tions between related mathematical ideas. Students’ own concrete and pictorial representationsof mathematical ... of junior learners, and describes some of theimplications of these characteristics for teaching mathematics to students in Grades 4, 5, and 6.Number Sense and Numeration, Grades 4 to 6 – Volume ... to the store.”The teacher encourages students to use strategies that make sense to them, and suggests that they use concrete materials and diagrams to help them understand and solve the problem....