... technology investments and their intra-…rm trade, as well asinformation on multinational a liate activity both at the extensive margin (entry) and the intensive margin (sales). This enables us to assess ... from a Southern a liate and all the remainingintermediates are produced in the home country by the parent.Now consider the sourcing decision of the multinational’s a liate in the other Northerncountry. ... Forexample, Brainard (1997) and Irarrazabal, Moxnes, and Opromolla (2008) examine horizon-tal, whereas Hanson, Mataloni, and Slaughter (2001), Burstein and Monge-Naranjo (2008), and Garetto (2008)...