Báo cáo khoa học: "Feature-Rich Part-of-speech Tagging for Morphologically Complex Languages: Application to Bulgarian" docx

... Association for Computational Linguistics, pages 492–502,Avignon, France, April 23 - 27 2012.c2012 Association for Computational LinguisticsFeature-Rich Part-of-speech Tagging for Morphologically Complex ... the wordform, OldEnd isthe string that has to be removed from the end ofthe wordform, and NewEnd is the string that has to be concatenated to the beginning of the word-form in order to produce ... (2005) decomposed the complex tags into factors, where models for pre-dicting part-of-speech, gender, number, case, andlemma are estimated separately, and then com-posed into a single CRF model;...

Báo cáo khoa học: "Subword-based Tagging for Conﬁdence-dependent Chinese Word Segmentation" pdf

... used for re-segmentation. For the subword-based IOB tagging, we need to add some multiple-characterwords into the lexicon subset. Since it is hard to decide the optimal number of words to add, ... improv-ing the tagging accuracy. However, to conform to the constraints of closed test in Bakeoff 2005, somefeatures, such as syntactic information and characterencodings for numbers and alphabetical ... which are then used asthe training data for tagging. For new test data, wordboundaries are determined based on the results of tagging. While the IOB tagging approach has been widelyused in...

Báo cáo khoa học: "Dialogue Act Tagging for Instant Messaging Chat Sessions" potx

... rare,however, to be given text that is already segmentedinto utterances, so some work will be required to accomplish this segmentation before automated di-alogue act tagging can commence. Therefore, ... utterance to determine its dialogue act.Aspects of dialogue macrogame theory (DMT)(Mann, 2002) may help to increase tagging accu-racy. In DMT, sets of utterances are grouped to- gether to form ... (Kita etal., 1996) to 42 (Stolcke et al., 2000). It may be pos-sible to use a standard set of dialogue acts for a par-ticular domain, but inventing a set that could be used for all domains seems...

Báo cáo khoa học: "Heterogeneous Transfer Learning for Image Clustering via the Social Web" docx

... thelatent topic space for classiﬁcation. Most learningalgorithms for dealing with cross-language hetero-geneous data require a translator to convert thedata to the same feature space. For those data ... semantic information. What weneed to do is to uncover this latent semantic in-formation by ﬁnding out what is common amongthem. We did this in (Ling et al., 2008) by us-ing the information ... algorithms to per-form well due to data sparsity and the low level ofimage features. We investigate how to utilize thereadily available socially annotated image data onthe Web to improve...

Báo cáo khoa học: Actin as target for modiﬁcation by bacterial protein toxins docx

... the cytoskeleton, thereby using the multi-tude of functions of the cytoskeleton for their ownadvantage.AcknowledgementsIt is a pleasure for us to thank Sonja Ku¨hn (MPIDortmund) for help ... group includes toxins that modify actin to promote actin polymerization and the formation of actin aggregates. To this group belongs a toxin from the Photorhabdus luminescens Tc toxin complex that ... NAD+H+Tβ4TccC3TccC3TccC5T148ADP-R+G-actinTcdA1ReceptorBindingQ63ActinclustersTccC3TccC5TcdB2Fig. 8. Action of Photorhabdus luminescens toxins on the actin cytoskeleton. The P. luminescens toxin complex consists of...

Báo cáo khoa học: "A Formula Finder for the Automatic Synthesis of Translation Algorithms" docx

... in both a readable format for human inspection and a ma- chinable format for input to the trial translator. In- formation feedback relationships will exist between the formula finder system, ... given formula in a given context will be called the evaluation of the formula for that context. From the viewpoint of automatic formula finding and testing, it is desirable to search for algorithms ... best to adopt a blanket rule for assigning values automati- cally; the machine is to assign the value 0 to each of the “don’t care” Zk. A synthesized algorithm will then not lead to the...

Báo cáo khoa học:The principle of flux minimization and its application to estimate stationary fluxes in metabolic networks docx

... oxidative p entosephosphate pathway had to be reversed to maintain thetarget fluxes. Then, the NADPH needed to drive thereactions of the o xidative pathway into a backwardsdirection and to form hexose ... Methenyl-H4F fi formyl-H4F 2 Methenyl H4F cyclohydrolase 3.5.4.9 0.245 Formate + ATP + H4F fi formyl-H4F + ADP + Pi 41 Formyl H4F synthetase 6.3.4.3 0.006 Formate + NAD fi NADH + CO2420 Formate dehydrogenase ... omeÔeffortÕ. This effort can be split into two different categorie s.First, some metabolic ef fort, in terms of ener gy and othervaluable resources (e.g. essential amino acids), is required to synthesize...

Báo cáo khoa học: "Generalized Encoding of Description Spaces and its Application to Typed Feature Structures" potx

... Description Spaces and its Application to TypedFeature StructuresGerald PennDepartment of Computer ScienceUniversity of Toronto10 King's College Rd.Toronto M5S 3G4, CanadaAbstractThis ... it comes to unification, due to appropriateness. Nevertheless, unbounded sub-typing chains and acquiring new features conspire to force most internal representations of TFSs to per-form extra ... of into iff:totality for all , ,disjointness iff ,2We use the notation to mean is undefined, and to mean is defined.fFigure 3: A non-classical join-preserving encod-ing between BCPOs for...

Báo cáo khoa học: " The Methodology off Sememic Analysis with Special Application to the English Preposition" ppt

... WHITE TO 10: to * into change metal to gold it turned to amber TO 11: to *—— sticky to the touch - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - silent to the ear TO 12: to * (by) close to the earth ... wheel for steering points nose of the airplane into the wind for landing mills for making cotton factories for making ( ) roads for cars houses for planes land for cotton home for water ... CHART FOR ON Idiomatic Usage 1. on the other hand 2. set it on fire TO 1: to *—— farthest to the right path to one side lands to the east far to the north TO 2: to * (motion) towards...

Báo cáo khoa học: "SVD and Clustering for Unsupervised POS Tagging" docx

... Johnson (2008): M -to- 1, 1 -to- 1, and VI. M -to- 1 and 1 -to- 1 are the tagging accuracies under the best many- to- one map and the greedy one -to- one map re-spectively; VI is a map-free information-theoretic ... word type the prototype of t. We then query the annotated data for the most common gold tag for each prototype, and we map induced tag t to this gold tag. This prototype-based M -to- 1 map produces ... Johnson (2008) for details. Although we find M -to- 1 to be the most reliable criterion of the three, we include the other two criteria for completeness. In addition to the best M -to- 1 map, we...

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