Báo cáo khoa học: Sequences downstream of the transcription initiation site are important for proper initiation and regulation of mouse ribonucleotide reductase R2 gene transcription ppt

... 270) 1801 Sequences downstream of the transcription initiation site are important for proper initiation and regulation of mouse ribonucleotide reductase R2 gene transcription Irina Kotova, Anna ... the mouse ribonucleotide reductase R2 TATA-box and sequences downstream of it for theirfunction in transcription from the R2 promoter. Our dataindicate that the R2 TATA-box is dispensable for ... transcription Fig. 5. Sequences downstream from the R2 transcription start site interact with proteins and aﬀect R2 transcription. (A) Comparison of the mouse and human R2 DNA sequences around their transcription start...

Báo cáo khoa học: NF-jB regulates the transcription of protein tyrosine kinase Tec pdf

... binding sites are indicated, and the knownPU.1 and SP1 binding sites are also shown. (B) Schematic representation showing the potential NF-jB binding sites in human and mouse Tec promoters. (C) Transcriptional ... [33] and p-matchÔ software [34]. The scan results indicatedtwo putative NF-jB binding sites in the mouse Tecpromoter (Fig. 1A). To further determine the func-tional relevance of these sites, ... inhibitors can reduce Tec transcription via the NF-jB signaling pathway. Theseﬁndings provide further insight into the transcriptional regulation of the TFKs and the role of NF-jB signalingin lymphocyte...

$Báo cáo khoa học: Cellular refractoriness to the heat-stable enterotoxin peptide is associated with alterations in levels of the differentially glycosylated forms of guanylyl cyclase C pdf$

Báo cáo khoa học: Cellular refractoriness to the heat-stable enterotoxin peptide is associated with alterations in levels of the differentially glycosylated forms of guanylyl cyclase C pdf

... streptavidin-peroxidase (Fig. 5C). Therefore, there is aspeciﬁc down -regulation of the 145 kDa form of GC-C onprolonged ligand treatment, indicating that only the ligand-responsive form of the receptor is perhaps ... reappearance of the 145 kDa formfollowing removal of ST peptide was a consequence of further glycosylation of the ER-associated 130 kDa form, and subsequent transport to the plasma membrane. There-fore, ... inhibited the reacquisition of respon-siveness by 50%. This shows that modiﬁcation of the a-1,6arm of the mannose residues was essential to allowformation of the 145 kDa form of GC-C and ligandresponsiveness....

Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Fra-1 targets the AP-1 site/2G single nucleotide polymorphism (ETS site) in the MMP-1 promoter docx

... the MAPKpathway, ERK 1/2, targets the 2G SNP at )1607 bp and theadjacentAP-1siteat)1602 bp. Activation and/ orproduction of transcription factors binding to these sites are responsible for the ... PD098059 (Fig. 3A). The two bands in Fig. 3A represent the phosphorylatedprotein (upper band) and the nonphosphorylated form(lower band) of Fra-1. Both forms of the protein are decreased by PD098059 ... necessary for MMP-1 expression [15] and that the levels of these proteins are decreased when ERK 1/2signaling is disrupted by PD098059. Since the expression and the mRNA stability of the AP-1...

Báo cáo khoa học: "Jointly optimizing a two-step conditional random ﬁeld model for machine transliteration and its fast decoding algorithm" pdf

... the best and the second best candidates; on the other hand,even if all the remaining probabilities are added to the second best candidate, it still cannot overturn the top candidate. The mathematical ... C0is the current character, C−1 and C1de-note the previous and next characters, and C−2 and C2 are the characters located two positions to the left and right of C0.One limitation of their ... step, the number of possiblesegmentations is 2N, where N is the length of the source word and 2 is the size of the tagging set. In the conversion step, the number of possible candi-dates is...

Báo cáo khoa học: Bacterial b-peptidyl aminopeptidases with unique substrate speciﬁcities for b-oligopeptides and mixed b,a-oligopeptides pptx

... activities of the two BapA enzymes for the firstfive peptides were quantified by HPLC of the residual substrate; the reactions of the other substrates were analyzed by measuring the formation of the dipeptide ... acids are marked in black and similar amino acids are marked in gray. The cleavage sites of the proteins are markedwith an arrow. The signal sequences of BapA from strains 3-2W4 (residues 1–29) and ... defined as the amount of enzymethat catalyzes the formation of 1 lmol of p-quiline perminute.Kinetic measurements The reaction rates of 3-2W4 BapA and Y2 BapA for different concentrations of the...

Báo cáo khoa học: Sequences and structural organization of phospholipase A2 genes from Vipera aspis aspis, V. aspis zinnikeri and Vipera berus berus venom Identiﬁcation of the origin of a new viper population based on ammodytin I1 heterogeneity docx

... 4 and the 5¢ part of exon 5encode the mature protein; exon 1 encodes the 5¢-UTR, and exon 2 and part of exon 3 encode the signal peptide. The 110nucleotides at the 3¢ end of exon 5 encode the ... the other PLA2 genes (Table 3). The ammodytoxin C, ammo-dytins I1 and I2 and ammodytin L genes of V. am. ammo-dytes, the VP7 and VP8 genes of V. palaestinae,andthePLA2 genes of Crotalinae snakes (Trimeresurus ... [23].Conservation of the nucleotide sequenceWe identiﬁed variant genes for the same PLA2 in the genomes of all of the snakes. Such variants were identiﬁed for all the sequenced PLA2s. Thorough analysis of the nucleotide...

Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Dmrt1 genes at the crossroads: a widespread and central class of sexual development factors in ﬁsh pdf

... with the discovery of a dmrt1homologue on the Y chromosome of the ﬁsh medaka(Oryzias latipes). This Y-chromosomal gene is the product of a gene duplication of the autosomal dmrt1a gene and was ... birds, mammals and corals is the dmrt gene family [5]. The prototype members of this group of factors are the Drosophila doublesex (dsx) and Caenor-habditis mab-3 genes. The Dmrt group of molecules ... result, the common emerg-ing picture is that the genes at the top of the cascade are not conserved,whereas the downstream genes have homologues in a much broader spec-trum of species. Among these...

Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Nucleolin/C23 mediates the antiapoptotic effect of heat shock protein 70 during oxidative stress pptx

... InstitutionalAnimal Care and Use Committee of the Center South Uni-versity, and were carried out in accordance with the National Institutes of Health Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. All efforts ... lost.Taken together, our results demonstrate an impor-tant relationship among the regulation of nucleo-lin ⁄ C23, the activation of caspase-3 and the induction of apoptosis under the setting of oxidative ... the condensation and fragmentation of theirnuclei. The percentage of apoptotic cells was calculated as the number of apoptotic cells divided by the total number of cells counted. A minimum of...

Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: MicroRNA-23a promotes the growth of gastric adenocarcinoma cell line MGC803 and downregulates interleukin-6 receptor pdf

... with the first potential binding site of the IL6R mRNA 3¢ UTR. (A) The three EGFP reporter vectors bear-ing mutations of the miR-23a seed region binding site are shown. The arrows indicate the ... containing the mutations of the miR-23a binding site (Fig. 4A). It was shown thatmiR-23a ASO or pcDNA3 ⁄ pri-23a did not affect the intensity of EGFP fluorescence in the vector bearing the mutant of the ... bearing either the wild-type or mutated binding site (Fig. 4B, C).These observations suggest that miR-23a binds mainlyto the first targeting site of the IL6R mRNA 3¢ UTR and represses gene expression....

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