Báo cáo khoa học: "A Statistical Tree Annotator and Its Applications" pptx

... Linguistics, pages 1230–1238,Portland, Oregon, June 19-24, 2011.c2011 Association for Computational LinguisticsA Statistical Tree Annotator and Its ApplicationsXiaoqiang Luo and Bing ZhaoIBM T.J. ... trace t and all its children1234pseudo function tag and the statistical tree annota-tor can thus be used to solve this problem.4.2.1 ResultsWe use Chinese Treebank v6.0 (Xue et al., 2005) and ... remove empty elements and add pseudo function tags.Input: An input tree Output: a tree after removing traces (and theirempty parents) and adding pseudo function tags to its lowest non-empty...

Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "A Statistical Model for Unsupervised and Semi-supervised Transliteration Mining" pptx

... languages – and efﬁcient. Unlike the pre-vious unsupervised system, and unlike the super-vised and semi-supervised systems we mentioned,our model can be used for both unsupervised and semi-supervised ... combination of 0–1, 1–1, and 1–0 character alignments between a source word e and its transliteration f . We refer to a character align-ment unit as “multigram” later on and represent itby the ... charactersof the source and target words are unrelated. Wemodel them as randomly seeing a source word and atarget word together. The non-transliteration modeluses random generation of characters...

Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "A Statistical Analysis of Morphemes in Japanese Terminology" docx

... text and terminology, sentences and terms, and words and morphemes, the present work can be regarded as parallel to the quantitative study of words in texts (Baayen, 1991; Baayen, 1993; Mandelbrot, ... population probabilities by means of G(p) with Z and to estimate the theoretical vocabu- lary size, and (ii) to interpolate and extrapolate V(N) and V(m, N) to the arbitrary sample size N, by ... consisting of the morphemes of the same type, and does not in itself indicate any characteristics in the frame sample. 640 On the other hand, Pf and Rf express the quantitative status of the...

Báo cáo khoa học: "A DOM Tree Alignment Model for Mining Parallel Data from the Web" doc

... (Nie et al 1999), STRAND (Resnik and Smith, 2003), BITS (Ma and Liberman, 1999), and PTI (Chen, Chau and Yeh, 2004). Given a bilingual website, these systems identify candidate parallel docu-ments ... syntax trees for the source sentence and its translation. (Shieber and Scha-bes 1990) presents a synchronous tree adjoining grammar (STAG) which is able to align two syn-490tactic trees at ... Difference between Standard DOM and Our Document Tree Despite these minor differences, our document tree is still referred as DOM tree throughout this paper. 4914.1 DOM Tree Alignment Similar...

Báo cáo khoa học: "A Statistical Parser for Czech*" ppt

... head-child of the phrase, which inher- its the head-word h from its parent P. L1 Ln and R1 Rm are left and right modifiers of H. Either n or m may be zero, and n = m = 0 for unary rules. For ... structures to lexicalized trees with equivalent dependencies. The trees (a), (b) and (c) all have the input dependency structure: (a) is the "flattest" possible tree; (b) and (c) are binary ... pendency accuracy on English (Wall Street Journal) text.) 505 2 Data and Evaluation The Prague Dependency Treebank PDT (Haji~, 1998) has been modeled after the Penn Treebank (Marcus et al. 93),...

Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: " A Declarative Language for Implementing Dynamic Programs∗" pptx

... Joshua Goodman, David McAllester, and Paul Ruhlen for useful early discussions, and pioneer users MarkusDreyer, David Smith, and Roy Tromble for their feedback and input.This work was supported ... inference rules. Theitems on the right-hand side are antecedents, and theitem on the left-hand side is their consequent. Asser-tions can be regarded as axioms. And the default strategy(unlike Prolog’s) ... best hand-written C++ code we found onlinefor inside-outside and Dijkstra’s algorithms, Dyna (likeJava) currently runs up to 5 times slower. We mainly un-derstand the reasons (memory layout and...

Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "A structure-sharing parser for lexicalized grammars" pptx

... elementary tree into the parse table for each of its possible readings, and there is often a substantial overlap in structure between these trees. A conventional parsing algorithm (Vijay- Shanker and ... identi- fied and processed only once. Recent work by Evans and Weir (1997) and Chen and Vijay-Shanker (1997) addresses this problem from two different perspectives. Evans and Weir (1997) ... elementary tree from its lexi- cal anchor upwards. Each item in the sequence corresponds to a node in the tree (with the sequence as a whole corresponding to a complete traversal of the tree) , and...

Báo cáo khoa học: " A Noisy-Channel Model for Document Compression" pptx

... calledconstituent-expand) or discourse units (through an-other stochastic operation called EDU-expand).Both of these operations are performed on a com-bined discourse/syntax tree called the DS -tree. TheDS -tree ... sen-tences can be expanded into longer ones by inserting and expanding syntactic constituents (and words).Since our constituent-expand stochastic operationsimply reimplements Knight and Marcu’s model, ... performed-tests on the results and found that on the Wall StreetJournal data, the differences in score between theConcat and Sent systems for grammaticality and coherence were statistically signiﬁcant...

Báo cáo khoa học: "Utilizing Statistical Dialogue Act Processing in Verbmobil" pptx

... dialogue act and the situation- dependent keywords. The dialogue component uses a combination of statistical and knowledge based approaches to pro- cess dialogue acts and to maintain and to provide ... main emphasis is on statistical dialogue act prediction in VEFtBMOBIL, with an evaluation of the method, and an example of the interaction between plan recogni- tion and statistical dialogue ... predictions. Therefore we developed a statistical method which is described in detail in the next section. 3 The Statistical Prediction Method and its Evaluation In order to compute weighted...

Báo cáo khoa học: 2-Hydroxyisocaproyl-CoA dehydratase and its activator from Clostridium difﬁcile pdf

... November2004)doi:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2004.04498.xThe hadBC and hadI genes from Clostridium difﬁcile were functionallyexpressed in Escherichia coli and shown to encode the novel 2-hydroxyiso-caproyl-CoA dehydratase HadBC and its activator ... (FldI) and A. fermentans (HgdC) showing 55 and 51% aminoacid sequence identities, respectively. Similar to HgdC[7] and FldI [14], HadI was produced in E. colithrough gene expression and puriﬁed ... amino acidsequences of two subunits determined by the Edmandegradation method revealed that the upper band wasthe slightly smaller HadC (MEAILSKMKE) and thelower band the somewhat larger HadB...

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