... difficulties in integrating institutions with widely different strategic orientation These findings fit well with the process of financial consolidation observed in recent years in Europe ECB WorkingPaper ... ‘specialness’ of banks in a setting in which there are asymmetries of information In this setting, according to the ‘signalling hypothesis’, commercial banks specialise in lending information to problematic ... Chicago Working Papers Series 99-25 Bollenbacher G M (1995), The New Business of Banking: Transforming Challenges Into Opportunities in Today's Financial Services Marketplace, revised edition, Irwin,...
... in the estimation of the baseline model, can 16 ECB WorkingPaper Series No 518 September 2005 be explained by a reversal in the pattern of declining market rates that coincided with the beginning ... are in For instance, Neumark and Sharpe (1992) showed it across local deposits markets within the United States ECB WorkingPaper Series No 518 September 2005 13 financial instruments, refinancing ... continuing decline in money market interest rates during the years of nominal convergence, a reversal took place in the course of 1999 As our baseline estimation was shown to be unstable in a...
... all kinds have inherent private information and are valuable in screening, in monitoring, and in reducing consumers’ incentives to default ECB WorkingPaper Series No 1395 November 2011 Introduction ... are defined in Appendix I 22 ECB WorkingPaper Series No 1395 November 2011 effects The results in Table show that default rates are decreasing in the borrower’s income and tend to increase in her ... Borrower Industry Borrower Industry Job Stability years Internal Rating Rating – Rating 12 External Rating Rating – Rating Log(Income) is the natural logarithm of the monthly net income...
... four since monetary policy is slow to increase the nominal interest rate in response to the uptick in in‡ ation following the technology shock, b b but then starts recovering The declining path ... requires an increase in bank lending and hence bank leverage, which, in the presence of a leverage constraint in the banking sector, requires a further increase in the external finance premium ... limiting the decline in investment as compared to the nofriction model The decline in loans to entrepreneurs drives a persistent b decline in bank leverage bt In the full model, this decline...
... that increasing the Marshallian K by one percentage point would be associated with a decline in the shortterm nominal rate of interest of about four percentage points However, increases in the ... management because the interest rate is observed continuously By fixing kt , even a slight movement in the nominal interest rate can be immediately recognized as a change in ECB • WorkingPaper No 218 • ... low in ation and the nominal interest rate floor, IMF Working paper, WP/97/23, International Monetary Fund McCallum, B T., 2000, Theoretical analysis regarding a zero lower bound on nominal interest...
... European Central Bank workingpaper series 40 ECB WorkingPaper Series No 351 April 2004 Abstract The purpose of this paper is to study the determinants of equilibrium in the market for daily ... database, kindly made available by the European Banking Federation (EBF) The database includes daily information on the lending rates for operations involving contributing banks The sample includes ... (2003) and include the beginning and the end of the reserve maintenance period, the dates of meetings of the ECBs Governing Council and the end-of-the month We argue that ECB WorkingPaper Series...
... basis points In other words, if the expected t t marginal lending rate is lower than the current minimum bid rate In this case obtaining liquidity in the future from the marginal lending facility ... cheaper than obtaining it now from the current main refinancing operations 22 ECB WorkingPaper Series No 393 September 2004 underbidding, i.e the underbidding amount times the expected interest rate ... seen in panel H of table Positive changes in the interest rate indicate an increased probability of ending up the reserve maintenance period with too few reserves, or an expected increase in the...
... in the estimation of the baseline model, can 16 ECB WorkingPaper Series No 518 September 2005 be explained by a reversal in the pattern of declining market rates that coincided with the beginning ... are in For instance, Neumark and Sharpe (1992) showed it across local deposits markets within the United States ECB WorkingPaper Series No 518 September 2005 13 financial instruments, refinancing ... continuing decline in money market interest rates during the years of nominal convergence, a reversal took place in the course of 1999 As our baseline estimation was shown to be unstable in a...
... may contain valuable information about future inflation in the euro area However, it should be borne in mind that estimates of the natural real interest rate are imprecise ECB WorkingPaper Series ... interest rate has declined from around 4% in the 1960s to less than 2% in 2004 In the model, the decline in the natural real interest rate in the euro area is largely due to a fall in the estimated ... to noise ratios with restricted c ECB WorkingPaper Series No 546 November 2005 27 European Central Bank workingpaper series For a complete list of Working Papers published by the ECB, please...
... Convergence in euro area retail banking?, Limburg Institute of Financial Economics, Workingpaper 04-005 Saunders, A and Schumacher, L (2000), The determinants of bank interest rate margins: An international ... Bank WorkingPaper Series 61 ECB WorkingPaper Series No 580 January 2006 Abstract The present paper investigates the pass-through between market interest rates and bank interest rates in the ... retail bank interest rates in euro area countries, ECB WorkingPaper No 518 ECB WorkingPaper Series No 580 January 2006 31 de Graeve, F., de Jonghe, O and Vander Vennet, R (2004), The determinants...
... na internet, no formato PDF, no endereço: http://www.bc.gov.br WorkingPaper Series Working Papers in PDF format can be downloaded from: http://www.bc.gov.br Implementing Inflation Targeting in ... 00.038.166/0001-05 WorkingPaper Series Brasília n 141 Aug 2007 P 1-29 WorkingPaper Series Edited by Research Department (Depep) – E-mail: workingpaper@bcb.gov.br Editor: Benjamin Miranda Tabak ... http://www.bcb.gov.br/?english Forecasting Bond Yields in the Brazilian Fixed Income Market ∗ Jose Vicente† Benjamin M Tabak ‡ The Working Papers should not be reported as representing the views of the Banco...
... successfully using inflation-based estimates of trend inflation but money-based estimates would dominate if money leads inflation as indicated by recent empirical studies ECB WorkingPaper Series ... characterize the transmission of interest rate changes to in ation in Keynesian-style models In these models changes in the nominal interest rate in uence the real interest rate due to the presence ... movement in inflation Why does the central bank accept this sustained increase in inflation? The reason is that it conducts a policy that is believed to be very effective in stabilizing in ation...
... Net interest income (NI) Net interest income including losses due to defaulted coupons (RNI) Net-Profits Equity = 4% Credit risk losses Net interest income (NI) Net interest income including ... frequently, increases in credit risk can be partly passed on to borrowers ECB WorkingPaper Series No 1041 April 2009 Introduction “The Committee remains convinced that interest rate risk in the banking ... horizon of interest is one year; since T=4 throughout the analysis, we drop the time index T in the remainder of the paper 3.4 Economic Capital As discussed in the introduction, in line with current...
... strongly increases savings incentives inworking age, as can be inferred from the decline of by percentage points and an associated increase in the investment share ( ) In sum, these changes in consumption ... higher savings but to an increase in the tax share by percentage points which funds the higher share of bene ts in output 28 ECB WorkingPaper Series No 1273 December 2010 This increase in the tax ... over time The main ndings are as follows First, for key variables the e ects of a slowdown inworking age population growth and an increase in longevity reinforce each other In line with Table...
... European Central Bank workingpaper series 45 ECB WorkingPaper Series No 441 February 2005 Abstract This paper studies the role of long-term unemployment in the determination of prices and wages ... Standard NAIRU; Dash- Modified NAIRU 44 ECB WorkingPaper Series No 441 February 2005 European Central Bank workingpaper series For a complete list of Working Papers published by the ECB, please visit ... growth in Europe can be attributed to the striking growth in long-term unemployment Its rate quickly jumped from about percent in 1976 to almost percent in 1985, remaining at high levels ever since.7...
... communication is most interesting and intriguing Think about it Everything we is defined by how we interact with others, while the topic of communication includes everything from individuals to presentations ... dependence on inspection to achieve quality Eliminate the need for inspection on a mass basis by building quality into the product in the first plaice End the business of awarding business on the ... and business consultant and is a contributing author to Business: the Ultimate Resource [Reh] He has an interesting question about benchmarking Benchmarking is the process of determining who...
... drastically income inequality and result in something approaching the single-point distribution of income when everyone is paid the same wages The most radical example is, of course, the blueprint for ... resulting in a wide gap in income it was considered polarization and a deviation from socialism This egalitarian thinking is utterly incompatible with scientific Marxist views of socialism In modern ... distribution is an important factor in determining the amount of saving in a society; it is also a factor in uencing the productive effort made by various groups in the society Distributions of Firm...
... financial system The crucial stylized fact in this regard is the blurring of boundaries in the financial industry which is leading to an increasing integration of the banking, securities and insurance ... Research WorkingPaper No 2223 (Washington: World Bank) Westrup, Jonathan, 2007, “Independence and Accountability: Why Politics Matter, in Designing Financial Supervision Institutions: Independence, ... Quintyn Authorized for distribution by Andrew Feltenstein February 2008 Abstract This WorkingPaper should not be reported as representing the views of the IMF The views expressed in this Working...
... pattern, the trading day kicks ođ with a relative large spread around basis point in the early morning, falling to basis points in the late morning and gradually increasing to basis points in the late ... high trading intensity (straight line) and in a period with low trading intensity (dotted line) In the high trading intensity case, we pick a trade with Tt Ăi; on the 10th quantile and, in case ... modelling of price and order ow dynamics by taking trading intensity and the announcement of news into account This is the main objective of the paper The investigation of trading surrounding economic...