... model for joint chinese
word segmentationand part-of-speech tagging. In
Proceedings of ACL.
Wenbin Jiang, Haitao Mi, and Qun Liu. 2008b. Word
latticererankingforchinesewordsegmentation and
part-of-speech ... ACL and AFNLP
An Error-Driven Word- Character Hybrid Model
for Joint ChineseWordSegmentationand POS Tagging
Canasai Kruengkrai
†‡
and Kiyotaka Uchimoto
‡
and Jun’ichi Kazama
‡
Yiou Wang
‡
and ... discriminative
word- character hybrid model for joint Chi-
nese wordsegmentationand POS tagging.
Our word- character hybrid model offers
high performance since it can handle both
known and unknown words....
... model for integrated morphological
and syntactic parsing. First and foremost, we cur-
rently know of no other same effort in parsing the
structures of Chinese words, and we have to anno-
tate word ... many efforts to in-
tegrate Chineseword segmentation, part-of-speech
tagging and parsing (Wu and Zixin, 1998; Zhou and
Su, 2003; Luo, 2003; Fung et al., 2004). However,
in these research all words ... 2003. Chinesewordsegmentation as
character tagging. Computational Linguistics and
Chinese Language Processing, 8(1):29–48.
Yue Zhang and Stephen Clark. 2007. Chinese segmenta-
tion with a word- based...
... in the context of Chinese word
segmentationand part-of-speech tagging,
where no segmentationand POS tagging
standards are widely accepted due to the
lack of morphology in Chinese. Experi-
ments ... that when word segmenta-
tion and POS tagging are conducted jointly, the
performance forsegmentation improves since the
POS tags provide additional information to word
segmentation (Ng and Low, ... pars-
ing (and translation).
Experiments adapting from PD to CTB are con-
ducted for two tasks: wordsegmentation alone,
and joint segmentationand POS tagging (Joint
S&T). The performance...
... the same
Chinese wordsegmentation F-measure,
the number of bigrams in the model can
be reduced by up to 90%. Correlation be-
tween language model perplexity and
word segmentation performance ... model for
Chinese word segmentation. It differentiates
from the previous pruning approaches in two
respects. First, the pruning criterion is based on
performance variation of word segmentation. ... Gao, Mu Li, Andi Wu, and Chang-Ning
Huang. 2005. ChineseWordSegmentationand
Named Entity Recognition: A Pragmatic Approach.
Computational Linguistics, 31(4): 531-574.
Jianfeng Gao and Min...
... UK
{yue.zhang,stephen.clark}@comlab.ox.ac.uk
Abstract
For Chinese POS tagging, word segmentation
is a preliminary step. To avoid error propa-
gation and improve segmentation by utilizing
POS information, segmentationand tagging
can be performed ... segmentationand POS tagging
using an HMM-based approach. Word information is
used to process known-words, and character infor-
mation is used for unknown words in a similar way
to Ng and Low (2004). ... (2002)
and are specific to Chinese, are shown in Table 2.
The wordsegmentation features are extracted
from word bigrams, capturing word, word length
and character information in the context. The word
length...
... training set consisting of 5448
words, and considered alternative unlabeled train-
ing sets, (5210 words), (10,208 words), and
(25,145 words), consisting of the same, 2 times
and 5 times as many sentences ... programming for
computing the gradient, and thereby allows us to
perform efficient iterative ascent for training. We
apply our new training technique to the problem of
sequence labeling and segmentation, ... observation
sequence
, define the matrix random
variable by
where
Here is the edge with labels and
is the vertex with label .
For each index define the for-
ward vectors with base case
and recurrence
Similarly,...
... and joint segmentation and
part-of-speech tagging. On the Penn Chinese
Treebank 5.0, we obtain an error reduction of
18.5% on segmentationand 12% on joint seg-
mentation and part-of-speech tagging ... that segmentationand POS tagging task
is to divide a character sequence into several subse-
quences and label each of them a POS tag.
It is a better idea to perform segmentation and
POS tagging ... p
(position i −l), and select for position i a N-best list
of candidate results from all these candidates. When
we derive a candidate result from a word- POS pair
p and a candidate q at prior...
... inter-
mediate sub -word structure for joint segmentation
and tagging. Since the sub-words are large enough
in practice, the decoding for POS tagging over sub-
words is efficient. Finally, the Chinese language ... 1385–1394,
Portland, Oregon, June 19-24, 2011.
c
2011 Association for Computational Linguistics
A Stacked Sub -Word Model for Joint ChineseWordSegmentation and
Part-of-Speech Tagging
Weiwei ... MA,
October. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Ruiqiang Zhang, Genichiro Kikui, and Eiichiro Sumita.
2006. Subword-based tagging by conditional random
fields forChineseword segmentation. In...
... Chinese
word segmentation is therefore the first step for any
Chinese information processing system[ 1].
Almost all methods forChineseword
segmentation developed so far, both statistical and ... Automatic Word
Segmentation System for Written Chinese Texts",
Journal of Chinese Information Processing,
Vol. 1,
No.2, 1987 (in Chinese)
[2] Fan C.K.,Tsai WH., "Automatic Word
Identification ... a Chinese
1268
Chinese WordSegmentation
without Using Lexicon and Hand-crafted Training Data
Sun Maosong, Shen Dayang*, Benjamin K Tsou**
State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Technology and...
... proposed a subword-based tagging for
Chinesewordsegmentation to improve
the existing character-based tagging. The
subword-based tagging was implemented
using the maximum entropy (MaxEnt)
and the ... methods
with Chineseword segmentation, with which our re-
sults were compared. Section 5 provides the con-
cluding remarks and outlines future goals.
2 Chinesewordsegmentation framework
Our wordsegmentation ... dictionary-
based N-gram wordsegmentationfor segmenting IV
words, a maximum entropy subword-based tagger
for recognizing OOVs, and a confidence-dependent
word disambiguation used for merging the results
of...
... book for more information.
The MOS certication exams for the Ofce 2010 programs and SharePoint are performance
based and require you to complete business-related tasks in the program for which ...
highlight and comment on document content, and search for specic text by using the
commands on the Tools menu.
xli
Getting Support and Giving Feedback
Errata
We’ve made every effort to ensure ... Exam
Candidates for MOS-level certication are expected to successfully complete a wide range
of standard business tasks, such as formatting a document or worksheet and its content;
creating and...
... RANLP
workshop, pages 19–25.
Wenbin Jiang, Haitao Mi, and Qun Liu. 2008. Word
latticererankingfor chineseword segmentation and
part-of-speech tagging. In Proceedings of the 22nd
International Conference ... is the candidate sentence, l
DF
, l
VF
and l
GF
are three lattices one for each definition field, cov-
erage is the fraction of words of the input sentence
covered by the three lattices, and support ... than for any
pair of sentences in T belonging to two different
clusters.
3.2.3 Word- Class Lattice Construction
Finally, the third step consists of the construction
of a Word- Class Lattice for...
...
Christoper C. Yang and K. W. Li. 2005. A Heuristic
Method Based on a Statistical Approach forChinese
Text Segmentation. Journal of the American Society
for Information Science and Technology, ... corrected candidate words are suggested
by the system from the word dictionary, according
to some metric to measure the similarity between
the target wordand its candidate word, such as
edit-distance ... Gao, Mu Li and Chang-Ning Huang. 2003.
Improved Source-Channel Models forChineseWord
Segmentation. Proceedings of the 41
st
Annual Meet-
ing of the ACL, pp. 272-279
Seung-Shik Kang and Chong-Woo...
... Processing, pp. 147-173.
Gao, J. and A. Wu and Mu Li and C N.Huang and H. Li
and X. Xia and H. Qin. 2004. Adaptive Chinese Word
Segmentation. In Proceedings of ACL-2004.
Meng, H. and C. W. Ip. 1999. An ... N. 2003. ChineseWordSegmentation as Charac-
ter Tagging. Computational Linguistics and Chinese
Language Processing. 8(1): 29-48
Redington, M. and N. Chater and C. Huang and L. Chang
and K. Chen. ... that
Chinese wordsegmentation is the classifi-
cation of a string of character-boundaries
(CB’s) into either word- boundaries (WB’s)
and non -word- boundaries. In Chinese, CB’s
are delimited and...
... likelihoods.
Deterministic constraints for character tagging
For the character tagging formulation of Chinese
word segmentation, we discussed two tagsets IB and
BMES in Section 3.1. With respect ... manner.
5.4 Chineseword segmentation
Like other tagging problems, Viterbi-style decoding
is widely used for character taggingfor CWS. We
transform tagged character sequences to word seg-
mentations ... of a wordand I
all other positions; and 2) BMES: where B, M and E
represent the beginning, middle and end of a multi-
character word respectively, and S tags a single-
character word. For example,...