...
spellings are rather common (cf. word- formation, word formation, and wordformation, all
of them attested), and even where the spelling is conventionalized, similar words are
often spelled differently, ... area of study is traditionally referred to as word- formation and the
present book is mainly concerned with word- formation in one particular language,
English. As a textbook for an undergraduate ...
problems in word- formation, productivity (chapter 3). The descriptively oriented
chapters 4 through 6 deal with the different kinds of word- formation processes that
can be found in English: chapter...
... when we speak of ‘words’, we may now
turn to the question what exactly we are dealing with in the study of word-
formation.
2. Studying word- formation
As the term word- formation suggests, ... suggests, we are dealing with the formation of words,
but what does that mean? Let us look at a number of words that fall into the domain
of word- formation and a number of words that do not:
(7) ... area of study is traditionally referred to as word- formation and the
present book is mainly concerned with word- formation in one particular language,
English. As a textbook for an undergraduate...
... orthographic word, grammatical word and the notion
of lexeme as possible definitions of word . Apply each of these notions to the words
occurring in example (20) of chapter 1 and show how many words ... into the domain of word- formation, before we finally discuss
how word- formation can be distinguished from the other sub-branch of morphology, inflection.
1. What is a word?
It has been ...
words belief, ease, and truth are all abstract nouns, but not all abstract nouns can take
un- (cf. the odd formations ?unidea, ?unthought, ?uninformation, etc.), which suggests
that the words...
... distinct words or
inflectional word forms are not part of morphological grammar” and exclude
expletive infixation from word- formation, “because neither new words nor
inflectional word forms ... syllabification is the word. Given that we are talking
about phonological units here, and given that the word is also a phonological unit
(see the remarks on the notion of word in chapter 1) we ... column the word boundaries coincide with syllable boundaries, and
the right column shows that syllabifications that are common and legal in
monomorphemic words are prohibited across word boundaries....
... inventory of compounding patterns
In English, as in many other languages, a number of different compounding patterns
are attested. Not all words from all word classes can combine freely with ... the suffix is attached to a compound consisting of the two words, or the suffix
is attached to the right-hand word and the derived word then forms a compound
together with the non-head. In ... and say that a compound is a word that consists of two elements, the first
of which is either a root, a word or a phrase, the second of which is either a root or a
word.
1.2. More on the...
...
problems in word- formation, productivity (chapter 3). The descriptively oriented
chapters 4 through 6 deal with the different kinds of word- formation processes that
can be found in English: chapter ... results. The properties of words
are summarized in (5):
(5) Properties of words
- words are entities having a part of speech specification
- words are syntactic atoms
- words (usually) have ... relevant to English
word- formation.
The first phenomenon which appears somewhat problematic for our notion of
morpheme is conversion, the process by which words are derived from other words
without...
... the underlined word or phrase in each sentence below:
10/ They work _______ the night and sleep _______ day.
A. during- by B. by- during C. in- in D. at- at
C. Select the correct words to complete ... B. include C. get D. receive
PART 2
A. Pick out the word whose underlined and bold part is pronounced differently from that of
the other words:
1/ A. conservation B. nation C. mention D. question
2/ ... winter's day.
A. comforting B. comforter C. comfortable D. comfortless
D. Select the most appropriate word to complete the following sentences:
1/ I hate it _______ there's no one in the office.
A....
... Professor Aitchison is _______ town this week.
A. to B. into C. out of D. from
C. Select the correct words to complete the sentences:
1/ In the rural areas, _______ is widespread.
A. literate B. literacy ... but it was _______.
A. hope B. hopeless C. hopeful D. hopefully
D. Select the most appropriate word to complete the following sentences:
1/ I'll pay you double _______ you get the work finished ... insurance (C) thing. I'm really worried (D) about it."
5/ "(A) Have you written your English essay (B) yet ?" "(C) Of course not , I finished it (D) last
week ."
6/...
... able to drive a heavy lorry.
PART 10
A. Pick out the word whose underlined and bold part is pronounced differently from that of
the other words:
1/ A. wou ld B. cou ld C. tough D. shou ld
2/ ... to D. over- for
H. Read the following passages carefully, and then select the most appropriate words provided
to fill in the blanks:
ã Passage 10:
E-mail predates the inception of the (1) _______, ... terminals, and to store
files online on disk. This new ability encouraged users to (3) _______ information in new ways. E-
mail started in 1965 as a way for multiple users of a time-sharing mainframe...
... study English well. What
do you advise me to do?
- You: _________________________.
A. If I am you, I’d do more exercises.
B. If I am you, I’ll do more exercises.
C. If I were you, I’d do more exercises.
D. ... I’ll do more exercises.
C. If I were you, I’d do more exercises.
D. If I were you, I’ll do more exercises.
12/ What do you say?
- Your friend: My sister isn’t good at math and neither am I.
-...
... seven years old.
A. How long have you learned English?
B. How long did you learn English?
C. How long do you learn English?
D. How long are you learning English?
13/ What do you say?
- You: _________________________?
-...
... please.
- You: _________________________.
A. People use it to learn English.
B. People use it for learning English.
C. It helps people learn English.
D. A, B and C are OK.
10/ What do you say?
- Your...