... MACHINE TRANSLATION : WHATTYPEOF POST-EDITING ON WHATTYPEOF DOCUMENTS FOR WHATTYPEOF USERS Anne-Marie LAURIAN Centre National de la Recherche ... be used with great profit by linguists and professors to help them think about their own use of language, about the varieties of specialized uses of language, and about the future programmes ... out from the temptation of rewriting the sentence were errors occur. Then the post- editor finds the shortest solution, which is usually the right one. By staying very close to the raw translation,...
... by enhancing the pro-duction of ROS. ROS are very toxic for the organ-ism as they affect the structure and function of the biomolecules. The main source of ROS pro-duction in plants is chloroplasts, ... economies of various countries. Therefore, solutions to these problems are des-perately needed, such as the improvement of salt and drought tolerance of crops, which in turn The aim of this ... osmotic adjustment they act as osmolytes, facilitating the retention of water in the cytoplasm and enabling the sequestration of sodium into the vacuole or apoplast (cell wall). These osmolytes...
... way [19]. When comparing the MLC region ofthe 2D gels between TA from PV– ⁄ –and PV+ ⁄ + mice, the pattern is virtually identicalwith the exception ofthe lack ofthe PV spot in PV– ⁄ –mice ... levels of MLC3 and PVare much higher in TA than in SOL, the ratio of the two proteins in each ofthe two muscles seemed to beconstant (Fig. 2C). A high degree of homologybetween short segments of ... & Cuezva JM (1997) Control ofthe trans-lational efficiency of beta-F1-ATPase mRNA dependson the regulation of a protein that binds the 3Â untrans-lated region ofthe mRNA. Mol Cell Biol 17,...
... or other types of pain) or is unwilling to stop taking other medications for the treatment of OA Any other condition that, in the opinion ofthe investigator, would adversely affect the subject's ... 16.6% ofthe US popula-tion. The two most common types of arthritis are os-teoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). OA of the knee and hip is a growing health concern and is the most ... rate of response to placebo (60.1%) and the fact that 78% ofthe participants were in the mild pain subgroup (21). Previous studies have shown that UC-II is effec-tive in the treatment of...
... bunch of us are going to that new Italian restaurant in town. W: Well, I am in the mood of some spaghetti and I have heard the food there is not bad. Q: Whatdoesthe woman imply?21, M: There, ... thought.40, What is the talk mainly about?41, Why doesthe speaker mention a hand-held telephone?42, According to the talk, what probably contributed most to the success ofthe new study of Mount ... to take the receiver to the top ofthe Everest, and from there, to access the satellite system signals that would allow them to determine the precise elevation. And it turns out that the famous...
... to the identification ofthe second siderophore(data not shown). We therefore assume that either the extraction conditions were inadequate for the iso-lation ofthe natural product, or that the ... characterization of these compounds isgrowing and may result in the synthesis of specificinhibitors based on the structure ofthe pathogensiderophore [16].A promising approach for the isolation of secondarymetabolites, ... derivatization-basedelucidation ofthe overall stereochemistry. Further-more, the functional properties of erythrochelin actingas an iron-chelating compound were investigated. On the basis ofthe analysis ofthe S....
... werealso found. The 1H-NMR spectrum revealed the absence of anomericsignals from GlcN I and GlcN II of Lipid A, the lack of pyruvate methyl groups, as a consequence ofthe cleavage of the ketal group ... Elucidation ofthe structure of the lipopolysaccharide core and the linkage between the core and the O-antigen in Pseudomonas aeruginosa immunotype 5 using strongalkaline degradation ofthe lipopolysaccharide. ... lipo-oligosaccharides (LOSs). LOSs have been found either inwild -type strains and in mutant strains harboring mutationsin the genes encoding enzymes ofthe biosynthesis and/or the transfer ofthe O-specific polysaccharide...
... for the observed very slow exchange ofthe HA-hydrogen of IPP. Inboth cases, scrambling ofthe label takes place within the IPPpool and the error is then transcribed into the DMAPP pool by the ... exchange (2% of the isomerization rate) ofthe methyl group of IPP and the (Z)-methyl group of DMAPP, and an even slower exchange(0.5% ofthe isomerization rate) ofthe olefinic hydrogen of DMAPP corresponding ... concentrations ofthe tritiated compound, the relative transfer of 14C-label from the cyclodiphosphate poolis always in excess ofthe value calculated from the originalmolar concentration ofthe two...
... denote each of these maps shouldcause no confusion. Annals of Mathematics The homotopy type of the matroid grassmannian By Daniel K. Biss THE HOMOTOPY TYPEOFTHE MATROID GRASSMANNIAN ... systematicstudy of CD manifolds; indeed, the first step in the standard approach to the study of any category in topology or geometry is an analysis ofthe homotopy type ofthe classifying space ofthe accompanying ... manifold, these oriented matroids can be recovered by playing the linear structure ofthe simplices and the smooth structure ofthe manifoldoff of one another. For a somewhat more precise discussion of...
... price of a mousetrap?Customers no longer need to know the price of servers, software and the rest ofthe parts making up the IT service stack. This knowledge is as useful as knowing the price of ... back to IT costs. How many and what types of servers are needed, together with all the other pieces, to manage current demand, new projects, forecasted growth, end -of- life IT services, mobility ... simple as a mouse-trap. The complication is that for most customers they already have an IT investment. So the assessment of cloud value will involve a comparison between what other IT investments...
... ofthe E-curve on the square grid. Left and rightedges are distinguished by the direction of ticks.ã the generating polygon is self-avoiding, andã no matter whatthe relative orientation of ... usinga DOL-system The following example provides another illustration ofthe operation of AnabaenaDOL-systems. The formalism is used to simulate the development of afragment of a multicellular ... branching topology ofthe modeled plants. The geometricaspects, such as the lengths of line segments and the angle values, wereadded in a post-processing phase. The results of Hogeweg and Hesperwere...
... in the upper part ofthe tables to make identification of the special characteristics of these regions easier. Looking at the input to the innovation process, we find the highest proportion of ... The basic assumption underlying the concept ofthe knowledge production function is that the output ofthe innovation process represents a result of R&D capital or investment. Taking the ... employees, the amount of turnover, characteristics ofthe product program, etc. (for a more detailed description ofthe data set see Sternberg, 2000). Four ofthe eleven regions included in the survey...
... treated as collateral (and therefore „other assets‟ not subject to strict liability / custody) ã If the PB lends out all the assets = counterparty ã If the PB retains some ofthe assets, is it acting ... means a direct or indirect offering or placement of shares or behalf ofthe AIFM. The AIFM therefore needs to be authorised for this activity in its own right even if the marketing is being carried ... Increase the accountability of AIFM holding controlling stakes in companies (private equity) 3 Impacts how an AIFM distributes their funds, remunerates their people, operates their business and the...
... maximize the quality control of proteins in the secretory pathway. It is not knownwhether the vacuolar function is enhanced by the UPRin plants. Other UPR in plants The UPR is composed of three ... actcooperatively such that the fate ofthe cell depends on the balance between the individual UPR pathways.Therefore, disturbance of these functions causes mal-function ofthe ER transport machinery ... to maintain the homeostasis ofthe ER. These pathways are collectively referred to as the unfolded protein response (UPR). There have been great advances in ourunderstanding ofthe molecular...