... seen, there may be several distinct derivations that generate the same parse tree The probability of a parse tree T is thus the sum ofthe probabilities of its distinct derivations Let tid be the ... in the chart equal to the product ofthe inside probability ofthe item and its prior probability Any item with a score less than 10 −5 times ofthatofthe best item is pruned from the chart What ... subtree in the derivation d that produces tree T, then the probability of T is given by P(T) = ΣdΠi P(tid) Thus the DOP1 model considers counts of subtrees of a wide range of sizes in computing the...
... look just like it Is this a bad theme?" "No, it's a wonderful theme," the old man said "Today there are many free themes out there thatare very high-quality And as the number of themes grows, it ... becomes less likely that another blogger is using the same theme This one has also had some simple customizations made." "I see And what about this one? This is a paid theme What you just said ... "Because ofthe nature ofthe blog, the readers are expecting a more formal tone The blogger understands the target audience and writes the way that best speaks to them." "I see And what about this...
... value AMS isthe paradigm where a predefined level of demand is managed internally and the remainder augmented with cloud services The apothegm is ‘Own the base and rent the peak’ Conclusion The customer’s ... mouse-trap The complication isthat for most customers they already have an IT investment So the assessment of cloud value will involve a comparison between what other IT investments are required ... health starts with an assessment of value The assessment of value of cloud services can only include a comparison against other cloud providers The comparison of cost between traditional IT investment...
... males) While the precision ofthe estimates ofthe effects of behaviors declines with respect to the micro data, we cannot reject the null hypothesis that these effects are jointly statistically significant ... individuals are aware ofthe health-fostering effects of schooling and these are private, then there is no room for public policy If individuals are unaware of these benefits, the case for public policy is ... εicgbt (24) where X is a vector of controls, B the vector of behaviors, ε isthe error term, i denotes the individual, c the country, t the year ofthe interview, g gender, and b isthe birth cohort...
... of microfinance (Bateman 2010) Synthesise what these studies tell us about: a The impact of microfinance on the incomes ofthe poor b The impact of microfinance on wider poverty/ wealth of ... this study therefore retains its status as a high quality evaluation This decision is discussed further in section 5.4 what isthe impact of microfinance on poor people? sy n thesis Synthesis ... incomes (and there are plenty of opportunities for this failure to occur), then the number of MFIs is likely to increase The proliferation of MFIs may therefore be a symptom ofthe failure of micro-credit...
... on the identification ofthe mirror-neuron system—and that it is on the basis ofthat knowledge thatthe hypotheses can be tested It is therefore clear from this example thatthe utility of neuroimaging ... One way of answering this question is to reflect on the goal of aesthetic science The psychologist Rolf Reber recently suggested that “art theorists… define the criterion ofwhatthe [aesthetic] ... experience is expected to be; scientists… provide a test of whether this criterion is fulfilled.”2 Or consider the case of neuroaesthetics This new branch of empirical aesthetics is often defined as the...
... wished, the cases on the use of goods discussed in this Article signal the end ofthe slippery slope approach of allowing any expansion ofthe type of measures which the ECJ will accept as not ... examine measures ofthat kind in the light ofthe Treaty rules rather than to remove them from the scope ofthe Treaty.79 In the light of these three reasons, he concluded thatthe Keck criteria ... freedom of movement, namely the criterion of access to the market.”80 This would be “based on the effect ofthe measure on access to the market rather than on the object ofthe rules involved.” The...
... quality ofthe design But that element is missing from the NSES “We didn’t build the part of this that will let us say whether or not it works,” he said “We don’t have the assessment to say whatis ... published in the past five years,” Ellis noted, “provides evidence that textbook publishers are acknowledging the influence ofthe NSES Most provide a matrix of alignment ofthe content in their ... noted, the evidence base ofthe influence ofthe NSES on pre-service professional development is “extremely thin.” What few studies that exist, however, lead to the impression thatthe NSES have not...
... People in societies around the world have made use of these properties While the focus of this book is on the leaves, other parts ofthe tree are also worthy of further study However, an effort ... times the Vitamin A of Carrots times the Vitamin C of Oranges times the Calcium of Milk times the Potassium of Bananas ¾ the Iron of Spinach times the Protein of Yogurt 24 10 times the Vitamin A of ... moment, and then gently replied, The life ofthe bird is in your hands.” Like the living bird in the parable, the life-saving promise ofthe Moringa tree is in your hands Please act with wisdom Moringa...
... this issue raises, and address the implications ofthe issue in your conclusion Remember, the purpose ofthe Issue task is to thoroughly examine the issue and come up with a position on that issue ... worry whether the claim seems correct or true, and not mention whether you agree or disagree with the claim This isnotthe point ofthe task Your assignment is to evaluate how the pieces ofthe argument ... claim? Are there other explanations, besides the ones given, that they author did not address? Is there a particular kind of evidence that you know ofthat contradicts the author’s evidence? What...
... assessment of change including, thatthe reliability and validity ofthe global scale has not been established and thatthe judgement of change is psychologically difficult [19] Another limitation ofthe ... worsening of health (GRoC of or 2) the sign ofthe change in the SF-6D score was reversed (i.e multiplied by minus one) The MID was then taken as the mean change on the SF-6D scale ofthe patients ... SF-6D is a continuous measure of effect we used meta-analytic methods to estimate the weighted grand mean ofthe MID and to test the hypothesis of homogeneity of MID across the nine studies If there...
... be discussed in the chapter on Machinability and Surface Integrity, isthefactthatthe highest temperature region on the tool’s rake face isnot at the cutting edge; but in the vicinity on the ... – this is some distance back and where the crater is formed The position for this highest isothermal region can vary, depending upon the feedrate For example, if the feedrate is increased, the ... adjustment of tool offset compensations in the CNC controller However, one idea shared by all of these strategic production approaches, isthat by optimising the surface speed, the manufacturing...
... Staff arenot trained or not trained fit isthe main cause leading to the current state enterprises arenot competitive enough in the market 2 Conflict resolution Resolving conflicts is an important ... completed • • Organisational skills are sequences of routines in every single area of everyday living or working Organisational skills are sequences of routines in every single area of everyday living ... performance of an individual in a large organization where the air is due to work or the work culture ofthe organization that brings Increase work efficiency Therefore the employee in the company...
... more precise prevalence estimate However, this isthe first study in this area Our findings raise issues for the planning of studies and ethical issues related to the obligation ofthe physician-researcher ... scans: they arenot usually trained in musculoskeletal radiology or MRI beyond the measurements they perform The researcher is obliged to put the health ofthe participant above the study, so that ... other imaged areas, such as the hand and wrist imaged for rheumatoid arthritis, may be less likely to show these abnormalities [15] Although 28% of enchondromas are seen in the hand, these are...
... Cyc and higher GC doses, are utilised Furthermore, in SVV the selection of drugs depends on the stage ofthe disease: in the localised and early systemic stage - that is, disease without threatened ... Although there is an ongoing need for better definitions of risk factors, from the available data it is quite clear that prolonged high-dose GC use isof central significance Therefore, the reduction ... PCP incidence of 6% in a cohort of 180 WG patients PCP occurred during induction of remission Estimating the risk of PCP during induction of remission is further complicated as therapeutic strategies...
... understanding of how these teams are established, the barriers and facilitators to establishing and implementing teams and team initiatives, as well as the strength ofthe evidence about the impact of team ... establishing and measuring the impact of quality and safety team initiatives, however, most researchers reported factors that they believed influenced the success ofthe teams Many factors that ... leaders) are attributes of effective teams [118] Often, these factors were identified as barriers if they were absent Teams’ perception of their success or failure often revolved around these factors...
... above the umbilicus The SAAT was defined as the thickness between the skin-fat interface and the linea alba, and the VAT was defined as the distance between the anterior wall ofthe aorta and the ... visceral and subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue stores are full, we were not able to confirm this point Being IR not related to the entity of fat deposition, we hypothesize thatthe chain of ... insulin resistance (IR) [3] The pattern of adipose tissue distribution, i.e., visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue (SAAT), is an important predictive factor of metabolic...
... randomized trials, so what justification is there for the use of these approaches in lung transplantation? A body of evidence has been established that indicates that surfactant function after ... transplantation In the cases of graft failure, brain death and infection ofthe donor lung, reduced surfactant function is aggravated by preservation ofthe graft, ischaemia and reperfusion Therefore, ... None declared References There are case reports and small studies ofthe successful use of iNO and surfactant replacement in adult respiratory distress syndrome patients However, both therapeutic...
... Conversely, there is no evidence for accumulation of valproylCoA in brain tissue, suggesting thatthe effects of VPA in the CNS are independent ofthe formation of this metabolite [80] Development of ... elimination via the urea cycle in the liver [19,24] This effect appears related to the dose of VPA [73] As acetyl-CoA stores are depleted, the synthesis of NAGA – an important cofactor of CPS I – ... ATP depletion Activation ofthe NMDA receptors is a major factor in the pathogenesis of hyperammonaemic encephalopathy and is probably the cause of seizures However, other factors may be involved,...
... microcirculation at the precapillary level Considering thefactthat initial damage to the airway appeared to drive the pathophysiology ofthe parenchyma, investigators hypothesized thatthe bronchial ... into the pulmonary microcirculation To test this hypothesis, several investigators have tied off the bronchial artery of sheep and then exposed the animals to smoke In these studies the hypothesis ... activated in the bronchial areas – their F-actin is activated and the cells are stiff and cannot deform These stiff cells are carried to the pulmonary microvasculature, where they are impaled by the narrow...