... investigations (e.g Lagerbäck, 197 9, 199 0; Olesen, 198 8, 199 2; Bäckblom and Stanfors, 198 9) have shown that the faults ruptured violently as large earthquakes The magnitudes of these earthquakes is estimated ... record Science, 313, 492 – 495 , doi:10.1126/ science. 1123 296 Rignot, E., Kanagaratnam, P., 2006 Changes in the velocity structure of the Greenland ice sheet Science, 311, 98 6 99 0, doi:10.1126 /science. 1121381 ... faulting Geodinamica Acta 14:177– 195 Koshiya S, Ohtani M ( 199 9) Earthquake fault of the M6.1 earthquakes occurred at the northern part of Iwate Prefecture on September 3, 199 8 Chikyu, 21, 307–311, (in...
... permission(s), write to Permissions Department, Scott Foresman, 190 0 East Lake Avenue, Glenview, Illinois 60025 10 V010 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 What did you learn? What portion of the United States’ ... permission(s), write to Permissions Department, Scott Foresman, 190 0 East Lake Avenue, Glenview, Illinois 60025 10 V010 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 16 ... nonrenewable resources, cannot be replaced during our lifetimes Oil and coal, which are found beneath the Earth s surface, are nonrenewable resources The oil we use cannot be replaced during our lifetimes...
... permissions, write to: Permissions Department, Scott Foresman, 190 0 East Lake Avenue, Glenview, Illinois 60025 10 V010 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 What are resources? Everything we need comes from ... sunlight, air, and water These resources are always available on Earth that cannot be replaced Mining can permanently change the Earth s surface This open-pit mine is an example Jh^c\GZhdjgXZh ... permissions, write to: Permissions Department, Scott Foresman, 190 0 East Lake Avenue, Glenview, Illinois 60025 10 V010 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 16 ...
... permission(s), write to Permissions Department, Scott Foresman, 190 0 East Lake Avenue, Glenview, Illinois 60025 10 V010 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 What Resources Are Resources are materials that ... permission(s), write to Permissions Department, Scott Foresman, 190 0 East Lake Avenue, Glenview, Illinois 60025 10 V010 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 16 ... materials that help meet the needs of living things Natural resources are important materials from Earth that living things need Trees are one example of a natural resource Trees give people the...
... cause the crust to shake This shaking is an earthquake Volcanoes and earthquakes cause quick changes to Earth s surface Avalanche Ice also changes Earth s surface It can be found in many places ... Department, Scott Foresman, 190 0 East Lake Avenue, Glenview, Illinois 60025 16 10 V010 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 What effect does melting ice have on Earth s surface? What places on Earth are included ... similar? How are they different? What You Already Know The outer layer of Earth is made of rock It is called the crust The Earth s crust can have many different shapes It also has many landforms,...
... volcanic dust 12 13 Earthquakes occur along major fault lines on Earth s crust Earthquake and Volcano Effects fault line epicenter Earthquakes focus shock wave crust mantle Earth s crust floats ... called the crust You can’t see Earth s crust in the ocean because it is deep below the surface Earth s natural features are called landforms A canyon is one shape that Earth s crust can take Other ... the beach from being carried out to the ocean 11 How Earth s Surface Changes Rapidly Volcanoes and earthquakes bring about very fast changes to Earth s surface Volcanoes A volcano is a landform...
... change Earth s surface Vocabulary Key Concepts Section 8.1 Mass Movements • avalanche (p 198 ) • creep (p 195 ) • landslide (p 197 ) • mass movement (p 194 ) • mudflow (p 196 ) • slump (p 198 ) Mass ... landslide was a continuation of the 199 5 slide — the soil that was deposited by the earlier slide was loosened by the rainwater and slipped down the slope After the 199 5 slide, the state government ... Amount of radioactivity Radioactivity in Ice Cores Pre-test ban ( 196 4–65) High Start of atomicbomb testing (mid- 195 0s) Chernobyl ( 198 7–88) Think Critically Determine the depth in the ice cores where...
... measure of earthquake size—from minor jiggles to devastating jolts Damage from a devastating jolt during the 199 9 earthquake in Turkey is shown below Figure 16 The 7.8-magnitude 199 9 earthquake ... an underground earthquake measuring 5.1 on the Richter scale Loma Prieta earthquake hits San Francisco, measuring 7.1 on the Richter scale 194 0 196 0 198 0 2000 2020 May 196 0 July 197 6 December 2004 ... 4 .9 10 8.7 12.3 17.8 18.0 19. 0 24.4 42.7 51 .9 52 .9 Multiply the difference by km/s 4 .9 s ؋ km/s ؍ 39. 2 km Answer: The first seismic wave has traveled a distance of 39. 2 km from its origin to...
... Moskowitz, Clara Earth s Magnetic Field Expected to Flip Soon.” FoxNews, September 26,2008 Availableonline URL:http://www FOS _Earth Science_ DC.indd 63 2/8/10 10:57: 39 AM earth ScienceS foxnews.com/story/0, 293 3,4288 49, 00.html ... surfaceaswellasspace,whichmakesthetopicavital,andfascinating, frontierof science FOS _Earth Science_ DC.indd 60 2/8/10 10:57: 39 AM Origin and Variability of earth s Magnetic Field 1 CHRonoloGy ca ,000 b.c.e Thepolesof Earth smagneticfieldreverse,settling ... field have been reversed in the past FOS _Earth Science_ DC.indd 61 2/8/10 10:57: 39 AM earth ScienceS 11 TheIrishphysicistSirJosephLarmor(1857– 194 2) proposesadynamotheorytoexplainsomeofthe...
... 1 891 , 192 5, 195 3, and 197 2–83 There was a particularly strong one in 198 2–3, the effects of which were still being detected ten years later Severe ENSO events also occurred in 198 6–87, 199 5 96 , ... and 194 0 The temperature fell from 194 0 until the 197 0s, since when it has risen again, but there is no clear evidence of any warming between 198 0 and 199 8 The total warming from 1881 to 199 3 amounts ... are both wholly due to the marked increase in energy output of the Sun since about 196 6 (CALDER, 199 9) Earth Sciences / 37 Radiant heat and light are both forms of electromagnetic radiation, varying...
... enjoyment of this science Contents THE SCIENCE OF PLANET EARTH What Is Science? / What Is Earth Science? / How Is EarthScience Related to Other Sciences? / Why Study Earth Science? / Observations, ... PLANET EARTH WHAT IS EARTH SCIENCE? The natural sciences you study in school are generally divided into three branches: life science (biology), physical science (physics and chemistry), and Earthscience ... the Home EARTHQUAKES AND EARTH S INTERIOR 163 What Causes Earthquakes? / How Are Earthquakes Measured? / How Do Earthquakes Radiate Energy? / How Are Earthquakes Located? / What Is Inside Earth? ...
... Origin of Life.” EarthScience Reviews 47 ( 199 9): 71 93 Schopf, William J Cradle of Life, The Discovery of Earth s Earliest Fossils Princeton: Princeton University Press, 199 9 artesian system ... Change” 116 “Earthquake Warning Systems” 131 “Loma Prieta Earthquake, 198 9” 132 “Mississippi River Basin and the Midwest Floods of 192 7 and 199 3” 152 “Age of the Earth 166 “Formation of the Earth and ... Tectonophysics ( 199 9) Kusky, Timothy M., and Peter J Hudleston “Growth and Demise of an Archean Carbonate Platform, Steep Rock Lake, Ontario Canada.” Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 36 ( 199 9): 1–20...
... a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher 0-07-141 799 -0 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: 0-07-141050-3 All ... information, please contact George Hoare, Special Sales, at george_hoare@mcgraw-hill.com or (212) 90 4-40 69 TERMS OF USE This is a copyrighted work and The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc (“McGrawHill”) ... whatsoever whether such claim or cause arises in contract, tort or otherwise DOI: 10.1036/007141 799 0 For more information about this title, click here Contents Preface v Staff ...
... for attribution Basic Research Opportunities in EarthScience http://books.nap.edu/catalog /99 81.html EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Executive Summary Earthscience is a quest for fundamental knowledge about ... disciplines of Earthscience The health of the EAR program is therefore central to a strong national effort in Earthscience OPPORTUNITIES FOR BASIC RESEARCH Basic research in Earthscience encompasses ... attribution Basic Research Opportunities in EarthScience http://books.nap.edu/catalog /99 81.html EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 10 Continuing progress in Earthscience will depend heavily on improvement to...
... EarthScience and Applications from Space EARTH SCIENCE: SCIENTIFIC DISCOVERY AND SOCIETAL APPLICATIONS THE NEXT DECADE OF EARTH OBSERVATIONS FROM SPACE 19 27 FROM SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS TO EARTH ... instruments.” See Earth System Science Pathfinder” at http:/ /science. hq.nasa.gov /earth- sun /science/ essp.html DSCOVR, formerly known as Triana, would have been the first Earth- observing mission ... project International Standard Book Number-13: 97 8-0-3 09- 10387 -9 International Standard Book Number-10: 0-3 09- 10387-8 Library of Congress Control Number: 200 793 6350 Cover: A digitally enhanced image...