value judgments in verifying and validating risk assessment models
Tài liệu Pesticide Residues in Food and Cancer Risk: A Critical Analysis pdf
... highest HERT values as candidates for carcinogenicity testing These include solanine and chaconine, the main alkaloids in potatoes, which are cholinesterase inhibitors that can be detected in the blood ... Science and Judgment in Risk Assessment. Committee on Risk Assessment of Hazardous Air Pollutants, Natl Acad Press, Washington, DC National Research Council (1996) Carcinogens and Anticarcinogens in ... HERP value of 6.2% Symphytine, a pyrrolizidine alkaloid plant pesticide that is present in comfreypepsin tablets and comfrey tea, is a rodent carcinogen; the HERP value for symphytine is 1.3% in...
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developing and validating rapid assessment instruments jun 2009
... Developing and Validating Rapid Assessment Instruments language of factorial invariance and differential item functioning (DIF) Finally, we examine CFA with categorical measurement indicators and ... opportunities to integrate or innovate in making final decisions? These and other issues must all be resolved 19 20 Developing and Validating Rapid Assessment Instruments early and, adding even more ... in valid and reliable evidence Whatever the inspiration, measurement and scaling has become a certified “growth industry,” justifying the call for this book T Developing and Validating Rapid Assessment...
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Coastal and Estuarine Risk Assessment - Chapter 0 pps
... topics including the regulatory context for coastal and estuarine risk assessment, emerging contaminants of concern, effects to marine mammals, bioavailability and exposure of marine organisms to inorganic ... Coastal and Estuarine Risk Assessment Mark Crane, Neal Sorokin, James R Wheeler, Albania Grosso, Paul Whitehouse, and David Morritt Chapter Emerging Contaminants of Concern in Coastal and Estuarine ... Cataloging -in- Publication Data Coastal and estuarine risk assessment / editors, Michael C Newman, Morris H Roberts, Jr., Robert C Hale p cm — (Environmental and ecological risk assessment) Includes...
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Coastal and Estuarine Risk Assessment - Chapter 1 potx
... temporal and scalar variation in these dynamic systems? Is the ecosystem context inherent in framing most risk assessments adequate for coastal and estuarine systems that are physical boundaries and ... strata, developed and used by Ian Hartwell in Maryland, involves a risk- ranking approach based on ambient toxicity results using a standard battery of water column and benthic tests, and some measure ... and “region of concern” in the Chesapeake Bay in Virginia.35,36 1.2.5 A CASE STUDY OF RISK ASSESSMENT IN AN ESTUARY In 1993, the U.S EPA Office of Water and National Center for Environmental Assessment...
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Coastal and Estuarine Risk Assessment - Chapter 2 potx
... countries in Central Europe and the Near East join Although originally formed in response to political and economic pressures, the EU is increasingly active in developing Directives and frameworks ... Precautionary Principle should be maintained so long as scientific information is incomplete or inconclusive, and the risk is still considered too high to be imposed on society); and • Capable of assigning ... the COMMPS (Combined Monitoring-based and Modelling-based Priority Setting) approach to prioritize those substances for which marine risk assessment is urgently required The remaining part of this...
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Coastal and Estuarine Risk Assessment - Chapter 3 ppsx
... Incineration may result in the production of toxic by-products, e.g., chlorinated and brominated dioxins and furans Landfilling is becoming increasing difficult and expensive as a result of dwindling ... goldfish and to induce vitellogenin production in rainbow trout.81,82 Interestingly, several structurally related compounds were found to be inactive in fish, but were estrogenic in an in vitro ... formulations in offshore drilling, in European mining operations, or as a result of biosynthesis by marine invertebrates.25 The Virginia fish data depicted in Figure 3.2 include freshwater and anadromous...
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Coastal and Estuarine Risk Assessment - Chapter 4 docx
... disciplines including those easily identified as idols of the theater, e.g., maintaining belief in an obviously failing paradigm Such a class of flawed methods also seems prevalent in ecological risk ... occurred in Maryland, Virginia, and North Carolina regarding the cause of recent coastal fish kills Most of the debate emerges from contrasting expert opinions based on incomplete knowledge and a ... in it raining today is lower on a day with no clouds in the sky than it is on a day with low gray clouds and a northeast wind But, indeed, the weather forecast in the latter case could contain...
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Coastal and Estuarine Risk Assessment - Chapter 5 ppt
... auratus was eliminated via the gill, and the remainder was eliminated in the bile and urine Elimination of many xenobiotics by estuarine invertebrates is often biphasic with an initial rapid loss ... Chem Biol Interact., 25, 321, 1979 16 Kleinow, K.M., James, M.O., and Lech, J.J., Drug pharmacokinetics and metabolism in food producing fish and crustaceans, in Xenobiotics and Food-Producing Animals, ... metabolites in the bile and finally elimination via urine.105 The hepatopancreas of crustacea, digestive glands of mollusks and annelids, and livers of fish play important roles in the accumulation and...
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Coastal and Estuarine Risk Assessment - Chapter 6 pdf
... anthropogenic source inventory, e.g., coal combustion and waste incineration (both medical and municipal) for Hg; coal combustion for Se; waste incineration for Cd; and smelting and other industrial activities ... and smelting and other industrial processes These elements are typically retained within watersheds,21,22 and postindustrialization activities have likely resulted in a general increase in their ... natural inputs.18–20 In addition to anthropogenic inputs to the atmosphere, metal and metalloids are also introduced directly into the aquatic environment as a result of activities such as mining and...
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Coastal and Estuarine Risk Assessment - Chapter 7 pptx
... 28 Luoma, S.N and Fisher, N.S., Uncertainties in assessing contaminant exposure from sediments, in Ecological Risk Assessment of Sediments, Ingersoll, C.G., Dillon, T., and Biddinger, G.R., Eds., ... Decho and Luoma51 and references therein show that digestion in some bivalves is complicated, and involves both extracellular and intracellular processes Intracellular digestion occurs within the ... result in impaired predator avoidance Quantitative assessment of such a hypothesis requires combining natural exposure conditions and ecological interactions in a controlled experiment Maintaining...
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Coastal and Estuarine Risk Assessment - Chapter 8 ppt
... endocrine disruption in invertebrates: endocrinology, testing, and assessment, in Endocrine Disruption in Invertebrates: Endocrinology, Testing, and Assessment, DeFur, P.L., Crane, M., Ingersoll, ... al., Field assessment for endocrine disruption in invertebrates, in Endocrine Disruption in Invertebrates: Endocrinology, Testing, and Assessment, DeFur, P.L., Crane, M., Ingersoll, C., and Tattersfield, ... evaluating potential effects of endocrine-disrupting compounds, in Endocrine Disruption in Invertebrates: Endocrinology, Testing, and Assessment, DeFur, P.L., Crane, M., Ingersoll, C., and Tattersfield,...
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Coastal and Estuarine Risk Assessment - Chapter 9 pdf
... mustelids and pinnipeds by Environment Canada.110 9.5.7 UNCERTAINTIES IN TRV DETERMINATION A degree of uncertainty is inherent in all areas of ecological risk assessment Uncertainties concerning interpretation ... Organochlorine Contaminants in a New Zealand Marine Food Chain M.Sc thesis, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 1996 ©2002 CRC Press LLC 118 Ballschmiter, K and Wittlinger, R., Interhemisphere ... exposure and effects assessment are used to estimate risk to the assessment end points identified in problem formulation, and the risk is interpreted and conclusions are reported.6 Specifically, information...
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Coastal and Estuarine Risk Assessment - Chapter 10 ppt
... persistent, toxic- and bioaccumulative contaminants, including DLCs and other AhR agonists.24,68 In addition to NBH, these sites include Newark, New Jersey, contaminated with dioxins,55,56,72 and the Atlantic ... xenobiotic ligands that include DLCs, and results in the transcriptional regulation of several proteins.22,24 Proteins induced by the AhR pathway include a major xenobiotic-metabolizing enzyme, ... aquatic and other wildlife species of dioxin and other contaminants that act through similar toxicological mechanisms.17 These contaminants, classified as dioxin-like compounds, include polychlorinated...
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Coastal and Estuarine Risk Assessment - Chapter 11 ppt
... correspondingly, 5.3% lethality The model indicated that the resulting decline in the P1 cohort eventually resulted in the extinction of the exposed population An interesting observation in modeling ... concentrations in fish and other media than those measured in the lake to demonstrate certain attributes of both models Therefore, the lake and the results of this assessment are hypothetical This being ... with standard deviation (sBW) of 670 g, and a minimum and maximum body mass of 1600 and 3000 g, respectively The model was truncated to disallow values greater than or less than the minimum and...
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Coastal and Estuarine Risk Assessment - Chapter 12 docx
... Commission on Risk Assessment and Risk Management, Risk Assessment and Risk Management in Regulatory Decision-Making Final Report, Vol 2, Washington, D.C., 1977 Odum, H.T., Systems Ecology: An Introduction, ... mudflats and in adjoining riparian habitat relative to tide level in spring and autumn surveys 12.2.3.2 Habitat Analysis in a Wisconsin Lacustuary The Fox River in northeastern Wisconsin flows into ... Hemisphere.13 Since the beginning of the industrial age, dredging has usurped large areas of natural bottoms,14 and shorelines and intertidal wetlands have been replaced wholesale by anthropogenic land and...
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Coastal and Estuarine Risk Assessment - Chapter 13 docx
... and risk assessment in marine and coastal systems (However, only one article in the journal issue addressed risk assessment. ) In the lead editorial, Scott8 emphasized the importance of studying ... major sources of information applicable to risk assessments in these environments, and to highlight areas needing special attention during assessments in marine systems Strong and dynamic gradients, ... gradients, e.g., salinity and hydraulic flow, dominate the ecology and chemistry of these systems, and their in uence must be considered in estuarine risk assessments more than in ©2002 CRC Press...
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Báo cáo y học: " Chylothorax after surgery on congenital heart disease in newborns and infants – risk factors and efficacy of MCT-diet" pot
... evidence of chylothorax In contrast, TPN has much more side effects and has no higher efficacy in treating chylothorax [12] Panthongviriyakul and Bines suggest using TPN in cases with elevated ... thrombosis was diagnosed A lysis therapy in out of these patients was successful in reopening the vein, but resolved chylothorax only in In one patient who had a contraindication for a lysis therapy, ... them at risk of developing central vein thrombosis [15] To avoid central lines, an oral nutrition with a low fat formula (basic-f) and intravenous application of lipids may be practical Since central...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "Relationships Between Animal Health Monitoring and the Risk Assessment Process" docx
... substances and residues in food, MO&SS are being maintained in many countries MO&SS for zoonotic agents, on the other hand, have gained attention only in recent years and mainly in Scandinavian ... understanding of risk assessment and the respective data needs (Younes & Somich-Mullin 1998) Discussion and conclusions Risk assessment as a scientific framework is being promoted in the international ... 72 Table Input data for risk assessments provided through animal disease monitoring and surveillance systems Risk assessment step Input provided through monitoring and surveillance systems...
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Human health and ecological risk assessment and risk management
... concepts in the evaluation of risks Format: Lectures including case studies, and risk assessment exercise, special feature Presentation of IPCS/WHO Risk Assessment Toolkit Teaching material: Hand-outs ... Course Coordinator: Khunying Mathuros Ruchirawat Objectives: Give an introduction to the assessment of risk of chemicals to human health and well-being and the environment, and present the ... Agonist - binding to receptor Antagonist - binding of normale ligand blocked Receptors - Ah-receptor Dioxin, PCB estrogen receptor; androgen receptor; thyroid receptor Endocrine disrupting chemicals...
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Mixture toxicity of POPs dioxins, PCBs, PBDEs considerations from mechanisms of actions and for risk assessment
... toxicological relevance and use for risk assessment of environmental matrices Aspects reduced bioavailability, environmental fate and transport not in present REP/TEF studies ... evaluated Mixtures of PCDDs, PCDFs and DL-‐PCBs s*ll a health risk? One order of magnitude decline in background human exposure since 1970’s due to remedial ac*ons ... Present TEF scheme and associated TEQs for exposure via dietary intake situa*ons (TEFs based largely on uptake studies) Applica'on these ‘intake or inges'on’ TEFs has...
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