the primary visual cortex creates a bottom up saliency map pages 570 575 li zhaoping pdf
Neuronal correlates of perceptual salience in local field potentials in the primary visual cortex
... rewards or supplemental water In practice, the animals earned an average of 50–80ml/kg/day On Fridays and Saturdays, the animals received 80ml/kg/day of water The animals were given supplemental ... may add to the evidence supporting binding-by-synchrony hypothesis as the mechanism underlying visual grouping in the primary visual cortex Also, these findings indicate that primary visual cortex ... engaged in a fixation task, and as a result, showed that the observed effect was not due to anesthesia This was a significant finding, as it has been shown that anesthesia can affect the neuronal responses...
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Neuronal correlates of perceptual salience in spike trains from the primary visual cortex
... changes in the salience of the contour Second, the animal was free to make a saccade to the target location after the stimulus appeared This is in contrast to a delayed-saccade task, in which an ... given the advantages and disadvantages of each model, it is possible that the visual system makes flexible use of all three types of signals in a manner that varies as a function of the demands and ... the animal into saccades and fixations The onset of the first saccade following the stimulus was used as the reaction time The trials with reaction time earlier than 100 ms were discarded as the animal...
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Population coding in the primary visual cortex
... analyzing recordings from the primary visual cortex (data from Knierim and Van Essen (1992)) as well as the medial temporal cortex (area MT), a motion sensitive area in the visual pathway (data ... variance to mean ratios are a fundamental property of neural activity, and that the cortical state plays a smaller role in modulating the variability of cortical cells As pointed out by Kara ... firing rates averaged over ms window have a precision of ms By comparing the variability of the data to the variability of these surrogates, we established the temporal precision of the spike data...
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Carbon credit supply potential beyond 2012: A bottom-up assessment of mitigation options docx
... Korea Brazil Argentina Mexico Mexico Saudi Arabia Venezuela Mexico Bahrain Thailand Colombia Kazakhstan Indonesia Iran Kazakhstan Pakistan Thailand Indonesia Kazakhstan Indonesia South Korea Egypt ... 5.1.2 Assessing programmatic CDM potential against the MAC curves The quantification of the abatement potential that pCDM can facilitate and thereby provide additional supply of CERs will be based ... However these AAUs can also be banked by the countries that own them and can then be traded (or used for compliance) after 2012 The banked AAUs can therefore play a significant role after 2012,...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "A Bottom-up Approach to Sentence Ordering for Multi-document Summarization" ppt
... formalized them in a machine learning framework and have considered an algorithm to arrange sentences using the integrated strategy and Hovy, 2001; Barzilay et al., 2002; Okazaki et al., 2004); and ... we obtain another instance with a four-dimensional vector corresponding to B A We label it as a negative class (ie, −1) Accumulating these instances as training data, we obtain a binary classifier ... fpre (A B), and fsucc (A B) We formalize the integration task as a binary classification problem and employ a Support Vector Machine (SVM) as the classifier We conducted a supervised learning as follows...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " Research Article Sparse Approximation of Images Inspired from the Functional Architecture of the Primary Visual Areas" doc
... scales are drawn at the bottom magnified by a factor of for a better visualization The low-pass filter is drawn in the upper-left part (c) The imaginary part of the filters is shown in the same arrangement ... towards coaligned cells up to a larger distance (dark-blue connections) a computational hypothesis about how the primary visual areas could achieve a noise robust sparse approximation of the visual ... 10, and 11 and Table Such experiments aim at evaluating the abilities of the model to reduce the redundancy of the visual information Redundancy reduction can be measured as the abilities of the...
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Driving a data centric culture a bottom up opportunity
... employees across all layers of the organisation embrace and use data on a day-to-day basis is the critical ingredient and necessary condition for ultimately transforming the company into a truly data-driven ... both manipulate and analyse the data, as well as understand the business knowledge and opportunities they reveal, are extremely rare—and valuable And experts who can effectively educate the rest ... them and link them to what they already know intuitively about their business and their customers There’s great opportunity in making data indicators real and relevant to individual managers and...
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The Practical Guidelines for Building a Business Plan in Five Pages
... important than the mechanics of writing the plan Said another way, the paper is not as important as the agreements to what goes on the paper Let’s address the concept of upward planning popularly ... functions Like the operational plan, the organizational plan aids coordination among critical staff sections Another important function is cost control The organizational plan illustrates adjustments ... support eliminates the lag time normally associated with the planning process At the end of the session each participant is given a diskette with the plan and a printed copy of the plan if they...
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A study on using “Bottom-up” techniques in teaching listening skill to the first-year students at Thai Nguyen University of Technology
... considered a passive language skill alongside the reading skill It means that learners are almost passive in practising listening activities in the classroom Learners just hear what they are going to listen ... satisfied as they can understand the passage well They are not asked to any language work and they can their listening freely without any pressure Moreover the topics are various and entertaining, ... English accents - that is to say the British and American standard varieties- and then perhaps let them have a taste of some others simply to open their eyes to the possibilities and give them...
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The effects of bottom up techniques in teaching listening skills to first year students at the university of fire fighting and prevention
... described as holistic or "conceptual driven" in that they focus on the overall meaning of the passage and the application of schemata Schemata are mental frameworks based on past experiences which can ... discourse are generally forgotten and only the meaning retained Therefore, the listeners usually remember the meaning rather than the exact words spoken when he has to recall what has been said The basis ... consider the manner and attitude of the speaker in the listening text This is also important because the listeners can see the aims of the speakers based on his/her attitude Additionally, the general...
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Tài liệu Issues Involved When Updating the Primary Key of a Parent Row pptx
... to the parent table Updating the Primary Key of a Parent Table and Pushing the Change to the Database In this section you'll learn what happens if you attempt to update the primary key in a parent ... Indicates that no action takes place SetDefault Indicates that the DataColumn values in the child DataTable are to be set to the value in the DefaultValue property of the DataColumn SetNull Indicates ... that the DataColumn values in the child DataTable are to be set to DBNull By default, UpdateRule is set to Cascade; therefore, when you change the DataColumn in the parent DataTable on which the...
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The Secret to Winning a Start-up Competition
... with the electronic catalog pages Roughly $270 billion in retail sales is generated by catalogs, according to the American Catalog Mailers Association CoffeeTable has more than 170 retail partners, ... Under the Radar conference, he noted these sorts of statistics He also showed a massive image of Angelina Jolie, along with a quote recently attributed to her: "Brad and I were on Amazon.com for the ... time a week ago But we got lost…I'll stick to catalogs." Jolie, one of the highest-paid actresses in the world, isn't exactly a natural stand-in for an everyday consumer, but the slide was a super-simple...
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PRACTICAL TAXIDERMY A MANUAL OF INSTRUCTION TO THE AMATEUR IN COLLECTING, PRESERVING, AND SETTING UP NATURAL HISTORY SPECIMENS OF ALL KINDS doc
... an advance in art not dreamed of fifty years ago — and also correctly model the heads and limbs of animals, we still hold our own, and are as far advanced in taxidermy as any other nation CHAPTER ... of the actual setting up of animals as specimens I can find no trace I doubt, however, if we can carry taxidermy proper farther back than to about 150 years ago, at which date naturalists appear ... as they attained The only other method which is known to have been adopted as a national custom was that practised by the Guanches, the ancient inhabitants of the Canary Isles Their mummies are...
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The natural history of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in children: a follow-up study for up to 20 years pptx
... (serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase activity, c-glutamyl transferase (GGT), total bilirubin, albumin levels and prothrombin time), fasting ... were also common The main laboratory data gathered at the time of NAFLD diagnosis are summarised in table ALT and AST levels were each within the normal range in few patients 1539 Hepatology Table ... Range Proportion within normal range* (%) Alanine aminotransferase (U/l) Serum aspartate aminotransferase (U/l) Alkaline phosphatase (U/l) c-Glutamytransferase (U/l) Total bilirubin (mg/dl) Albumin...
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Physical Network Security: Network security from the bottom up pdf
... convert the scanned data into digital form and compare it to S a database • A database that stores data for comparison Biometric data is encrypted after it’s gathered When a body part is scanned, the ... that many other portable devices such as phones and PDAs are also computers in their own rights and can carry sensitive data Data backup No matter what precautions you take against equipment damage, ... equipment areas Keys can be lost or stolen and many keys can be easily duplicated at the local hardware store The key-and-lock combination is somewhat limited because it’s secure only if you can keep...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "A Seed-driven Bottom-up Machine Learning Framework for Extracting Relations of Various Complexity" pdf
... example rules for the prize award domain One of the target relations in the domain is about a person who obtains a special prize in a certain area in a certain year, namely, a quaternary tuple, ... locality of the relation instance in an average mentioning A third one is the types of the relation arguments: Are they named entities in the classical sense? Are they lexically marked? Are there ... the extracted relation instances, while recall is the coverage of the extracted tuples that match with the Ideal table In Table we show the precision and recall of the three runs and their random...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "BOTTOM-UP PARSING EXTENDING GRAMMAR CONTEXT-FREENESS PROCESSOR IN A PROCESS" potx
... D AA B C /x/ D A A C D AAAA (d) (c) Co) B Figure All the possible cases of the example appropriate links are created by means of the actions, and the advantage of this solution is that the search ... of the information the chart has As a matter of fact, our PGS can be seen as a denotational variant of the chart, and it is managed in a different way by the PG Processor since in the PGS we mainly ... the parser for the scheduling of the processes, thus altering the state of the processor and forcing alternative applications This means that any rule has the power of changing the state of the...
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báo cáo hóa học: "Impact of gastroesophageal reflux disease on patients'''' daily lives: a European observational study in the primary care setting" doc
... Data analysis was provided by AstraZeneca All authors read and approved the final submission 13 14 Additional material 15 Additional file Extra-esophageal Symptoms Questionnaire Summary of the ... T, Lind T, Bolling-Sternevald E, Junghard O, Talley NJ, Agreus L: Gastro-oesophageal reflux symptoms and health-related quality of life in the adult general population – the Kalixanda study Aliment ... treatment or maintenance protocol, and that patients' compliance with treatment was not assessed It is important to note that the RANGE findings are a reallife representation of primary care management...
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báo cáo hóa học: " Primary glia expressing the G93A-SOD1 mutation present a neuroinflammatory phenotype and provide a cellular system for studies of glial inflammation" potx
... thank the Oklahoma Medical Research Imaging Core Facility for their assistance and Mrs Marilyn Bonham-Leyba for assistance with manuscript preparation References 10 Pramatarova A, Laganiere J, Roussel ... the development of new therapeutic modalities The ability to recapture certain aspects of neuroinflammation in primary astrocyte cultures will likely facilitate detailed studies of signal transduction ... paired neonatal pups (littermates in the case of G9 3A- SOD1 +/- and -/- mice) Paired cultures were prepared on the same day and subject to medium changes and manipulations in exactly parallel fashion...
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