... education The national language policy currently in place in Botswana, is that Setswana is the national language ofthe country (Republic of Botswana 1985:8). So, despite the existence of other local ... (elites). The choice of which language or dialect to use to teach (medium of instruction) reflects the interests of those elite. In countries in which one ofthe languages dominate, there is ... order to improve the quality of life of the poor and rural people adult education programs should include as one of its components the observation and imitation ofthe artisans and other skilled...
... waterproof //wc:tCpru:f/ (a): waterproof clothes keep you dry because they do not let rain pass through them: không thm nc a waterproof jacket: áo ves-tông không thm nc IN THE KNOW: The ... KNOW: The penguins of Philip Island are very small, as can be seen in the photograph. They are also a tourist attraction. They walk along the same pathways from the sea to their nests every ... _________ in the headphones. 4. First, Soriah fed the cat. Then, she called her mother. Soriah _________ her mother after she _________ the cat. 5. First, Marie did her homework. Then, she...
... Part A is the introduction, which states the background to the study, the statement ofthe problem, the scope, objectives and research questions as well as the methods and design ofthe study. ... foremost objective ofthe study is for the sake ofthe students. Besides, the study is expected to serve as a source of reference for teachers of English on the teaching of speaking skills, ... 1997). The next section briefly examines eight hypotheses, theories and perspectives on language pedagogy in terms of their overlap with CL. V.1. The input hypothesis The input hypothesis...
... A. The determination of stress patterns B. The determination of consonantal doubling rules in the inflection of English verbs C. The determination of word-breaking rules as used in end -of -the- line ... or later face the problem of unscrambling English affixes. The role of affixes is crucial in the study of word-breaking practice. In the automatic determination of the parts of speech (a central ... to the corpus K consist- ing of all ofthe cvcvc words listed in the Shorter Ox- ford Dictionary leads to the strong affixes given in Table II. We give some ofthe details illustrating the...
... producing the 25-bestlist for the reranker. The log figure of merit is the sum ofthe log language model probabilityand the log channel model probability plus 1.5times the number of edits in the ... look at these two components in the nexttwo Sections in more detail.5.2 Language ModelInformally, the task oflanguage model component of the noisy channel model is to assess fluency of the sentence ... overesti-mate the weight associated with the feature derivedfrom the Switchboard language model, since the flu-ent sentence itself is part ofthelanguage modeltraining data. We solve this by dividing the...
... samplesentences in Engkoo because of their crucial role in language learning. Engkoo offers new methods for the self-exploration oflanguage based on the appliedlinguistic theories oflearning as discovery” ... aftereach round ofthe mining process. The second layer consists ofthe extractor, the filter, the classifiers and the readability evaluator,which are applied sequentially. The extractor scans the raw ... layers. The first layer consists of the crawler and the raw web page storage. The crawler periodically downloads two kinds of webpages, which are put into the storage. The first kind of web pages...
... that the first iteration of EM reinforces the systematic mis-takes ofthe supervised initializer. In the first E-step, the posterior counts that are computed summarize the predictions ofthe supervised ... system. If thesematch the empirical counts, then the M-step does notchange the parameters. But if the supervised systempredicts too many JJs, for example, then the M-stepwill update the parameters ... (D,G,H). The migrations that happen during one iteration can alsotrigger additional migrations in the next. For exam-ple, the raising ofthe PP (B,C) inspires more of the 6We could consolidate these...
... to the environment, they are themselves subject to the dynamics ofthe environment. These dynamics, which are produced by the interactions ofthe nodes and shaped by the media that channel the ... made audible the resonances between the blast of Dada at the end of WWI in Zurich and Berlin, the gust ofthe Situationists on the Rive Gauche in Paris in the 1960s, and the explosion of Punk Rock ... supporters of FOSS.For the time being, the low costs which increase its accessibility are offset by the still rather high barrier of technical expertise necessary to make use ofthe much ofthe software....
... thesepeople, one ofthe ducts usually drains only a small part of the pancreas and empties directly into the duode-num. The other duct drains most ofthe pancreas but isoften too small for the job, ... 16-27 depicts the majorcauses. Gallstones are by far the most common cause of obstruction. Other causes include cancer ofthe head of the pancreas, pancreatitis, inflammatory disease of the ducts, ... pancreatic ductmerges with the common bile duct, and together theypass through the head ofthe pancreas before emptyinginto the duodenum at the ampulla of Vater. The pancreas is exceptional...
... 1-2 at the end ofthe chapter offers another example to thinkabout. THE EFFECT OF DISEASE PREVALENCE ON TESTUSEFULNESS The prevalence of a disease is the number of personswho have the disease ... to be synthesized by elements of the cytoplasm. RNA carries DNA messages from the nu-cleus into the cytoplasm, the fluid part ofthe cell sur-rounding the nucleus.DNA is constructed of building ... 275Nomenclature of Blood Vessel Disease / 277Atherosclerosis / 277 The Causes and Consequences of Atherosclerosis / 277 The Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis / 278Risk Factors for Atherosclerosis / 279The...
... without change as thelanguage is rather advanced and notions of ‘relevance to professional practice’ rather remote from the experience of 11 year olds. The author therefore modified the questions ... (1994, p33), thus increasing the likelihood of authentic observation (cf Busher 2002, p85). Furthermore, the automated natureofthe logging minimized the dangers of observer bias identified ... ofthe pilot, use of these classes represents the involvement of one third of the school’s roll, for a subject allocated 5 hours out of a 27.5 hour timetable and notionally 50 minutes out of...
... factors for selecting one verb over the other;, (I) the intended perspec- tive of the situation, (2) the emphasis of one activity rather than another, (3) the focus being on a particular individ- ... as a result of the use ofthe various control heuristics that guide the process of generation. In other words, they axe incorpo- rated in the procedural knowledge rather than the static knowledge. ... the rest of the lexical items do not have an independent epistemo- logical status, outside the context of an utterance. The selection of closed-class items, therefore, comes as a result of...
... process evaluation of e -learning. In fact, the AAMC, at the request ofthe Council of Deans, hasbegun a peer-review process of e -learning that recognizes these materials asevidence of scholarly activity ... usinge -learning. The complexity and breadth of medicaleducation content, together with the scarcity of experts and resources ine -learning, make the creation of centers of excellence in e -learning ... andtransforming the role ofthe teacher. The integration of e -learning into medicaleducation can catalyze the shift towardapplying adult learning theory, whereeducators will no longer serve mainly asthe...