... mgZn/kg based on the uniform distributionof these metals in the sediments ofthe lake The higher concentration in the northwest part ofthe lake is probably due to reverse flow ofthe polluted Pasig ... in the eastern side of Manila Bay The concentration profiles in the sea sediments show the decrease in lead and zinc concentrations in the sediments with the increase in the distance between the ... employed for the determination of total lead content before the instrumental analysis On the other hand, the concentration of dissolved fraction was determined for the filtrate samples with the same...
... then either the parent distribution belongs to the domain of attraction ofthe normal law or it has slowly varying tails and one ofthe two tails completely dominates the other The interest of considering ... ∗ (A) > 0), which completes the proof Proof of Theorem 2.1 If EX < ∞ then s2 → σ a.s Therefore, the theorem follows if we show that n ∗ the conditional distributionof YnNn converges weakly to ... ) is an estimator of θ(F ) The Efron bootstrap method approximates the sampling distributionof a standardized version √ of √ n(θ(Fn ) − θ(F )) by the resampling distributionof a corresponding...
... replacing the edges of these dipoles with face-type [62 ] with multiple non-crossing edges Because ofthe awkwardness ofthe polygonal representation ofthe double torus, we return to the type of diagram ... 1, 2, Since the lengths of all the cycles of sum to n, is a partition of n, and we write n to denote this For this reason, the partitions of n index the conjugacy classes of Sn If m is ... a pair of permutations (, ) describing the vertex and edge structure ofthe map in such a way that the cycle-type ofthe product gives the face-type ofthe map This axiomatization for combinatorial...
... in theory the disease is likely to extend farther and even exceed thedistribution range ofthe beetle The beetle is one ofthe most important vectors ofthe disease in China, control ofthe ... for the successful winter survival ofthe species Accordingly, the January isotherm rather than latitude is more useful for predicting the northern limit ofthe beetle distribution Also, the ... and dispersal range ofthe beetle in China Due to the wide range of topographic conditions, the 40◦ northern latitude is not appropriate as the northern limit ofthe beetle’s distribution in China...
... measurement ofthe same trees for different plots The center of each plot was located at least m from the closest stem in the middle of a group of trees Since the objective ofthe study was to examine the ... sites, and the suitability ofthe SOC and UOC equations to represent these distributions was assessed The second objective of this study was to characterize the angular distributionof diffuse ... atmosphere to the viewer [27] Since the scattering is proportional to the inverse fourth power ofthe wavelength, the scattering of short PAR wavelengths is thus greater than the scattering ofthe longer...
... Figure CLIMEX model ofthedistributionof S noctilio (circles) in the Palaearctic region The recorded distributionof S noctilio [17, 49, 51] is bordered by the dashed line The size of circles indicates ... Prediction ofdistributionof S noctilio (circles) in Australia The size of circles indicates likelihood of survival The recorded distributionof S noctilio [6, 35] is bordered by the dashed ... to thedistributionof susceptible hosts in the Southern Hemisphere, North America and China MATERIALS AND METHODS 2.1 Known distributionof S noctilio and susceptible hosts across the globe The...
... from the bottom to the top ofthe tree crown Like in the PAR domain, the variability ofthe transmittance was more marked at the top and the bottom than in middle part ofthe tree crown The difference ... Incident radiation The spectral distributionofthe incident radiation as used in the model is the global radiation and the proportion of diffuse above the canopy tree Spectra of incident global ... gradient of leaf area density existed from the centre to the upper part ofthe cross section Figure 1a Distributionofthe leaf area density (LAD in m2/m3) within an East-West cross section of the...
... decrease of square-root of MSEP The regression coefficient showed that the model could not give the variability ofthe transmitted radiation in the shaded area at the scale ofthe sensor Increasing the ... radiation at the scale ofthe sensor Therefore this should increase the minimum of transmitted radiation measured under the trees and blur the edge ofthe shaded area Second, small errors in the canopy ... simulate the fine spatial pattern, as probably most ofthe models in the literature, because ofthe stochastic nature of transmitted radiation This suggests that the temporal distributionofthe transmitted...
... (59.2%) women The age distributionofthe participants ranged from 13 to 80 years of age The frequency ofthe 13 to 15 year olds was low in the trauma sample For both the total sample and the trauma ... prevalence is the objective ofthe present study Here, thedistributionof epidemiological or convenience samples and the large number ofthe latter are not likely to affect the results to the same ... important for the perception ofthe trauma and coping strategies The inclusion ofthe age extremities beyond the age of 54 seems otherwise relevant especially with an increasing tendency for the average...
... the control of balancing forces such as the rate of transposition, the occurrence of dysgenic hybrids, the ratio ofthe different types and fluctuations of their fitnesses in different environments ... (1981) The data (fig and tabl 1) show marked geographical differences in the present distributionofthe P-M system In North America most ofthe strains show P activity and have levels of induced ... if the patterns of all these regions appear devoid of P strains, this situation may be due to thedistributionof our sampling and that P sporadic types might exist as in France Independently of...
... by the mean centre and standard distance ofthe residential buildings ofthe district As illustrated in figure 4, the spatial mean centre ofthe residence location of respondents living in the ... have migrated from their original areas of gathering to the new neighbourhoods of methadone clinics The compact distributionof heroin users may therefore not be a primary feature of this marginalized ... time The influence of distance on transport mode matched with the findings of Field & Briggs on the frequency of visits to GP's surgery in the United Kingdom [9] Patients living within mile of the...
... collection The spatial distributionof A annua L was based on the following four sources: (1) the flora of China [30]; (2) scientific literature concerning the geographic distributionof A annua ... is a generalization ofthe Euclidean distance and Manhattan distance; in general the shorter the distance, the greater the similarity The comprehensive similarity index (SI) of each factor layer ... Due to the excellent quality of A annua L from the habitats in Youyang County [31,34-36], a total of 180 accessions of A annua L germplasm were collected and used in the present study The potential...
... showing the results ofthe Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for each ofthe 14 Latin Square 2× comparisons under the null hypothesis that the observed distributionof P values was the same as a uniform distribution ... uniform distribution We can examine the effect of cross-hybridization by taking advantage ofthe experimental design ofthe Latin Square dataset For each ofthe 91 possible pairs of experiments in the ... value cutoff of 0.05 The fact that thedistributionof P values produced by 'scheme 4' for these technical replicates is closer to a uniform distribution than for the null genes ofthe 2× Latin...
... by the gene set names To measure the overlap between two gene sets we used the average ofthe two ratios ofthe number of genes in the intersection ofthe two gene sets to the total number of ... between the cumulative distribution function (CDF) ofthe expression values ofthe genes in the pathway and the CDF of all the genes in the experiment To reflect directionality, we give a sign to the ... component ofthe expression values in a gene set captures the dominant linear mode of covariation ofthe expression ofthe genes in that gene set Wilcoxon Z-score This metric is the mean rank of the...
... that the northwestern region and the western region are the sources ofthe emission of dust particles, these reigns represented in the governorates of Al-Anbar and Ninwah Through the study of climate ... emission of dust Geographic location ofthe regions that emit particles of dust and thus cause the phenomenon of dust storm in the study area (Iraq) has been determined, the determination of these ... summer, these images have a high and various wind speeds to discrimination the regions that cause the emission of dust particles and thus the occurrence of this phenomenon within the study area These...
... concerning with the bottleneck ofthe network In this case, we pursue the speed ofthe solution rather than the accuracy by introducing larger truncation error Then the marginal distributionof each ... during the period of study Little has been done to study the stochastic behavior ofthe network (Massoulie and Roberts 1998), of which the fundamental question is the dynamic ofthe state ofthe ... another important aspect ofthe network, the stability ofthe network: whether or not the bandwidth allocated to each route is enough to digest the workload It may be intuitive that the normal offered...
... applies The consistency of GMM estimators depends on the validity of these moment conditions We use the Sargan test to check the validity of these moment conditions The null hypothesis of no misspecification ... number of interior provinces is N0 A bar denotes the mean ofthe sample Therefore, (N0/N)V0 represents the share of FDI variation of interior provinces and (N1/N)V1 represents the share of FDI ... in the technology parks However, in my model I use the information on the tax revenue of these parks and their total industrial output to calculate the proxy for tax incentives The ratio of the...
... is the size of household i, M is the total population ofthe area in question, N is the number of households, and X is an N x k matrix of household characteristics The advantage of using the ... corner ofthe graph, the greater is the accuracy ofthe test Since the ROC curves are bounded by the interval [0,1], the maximum value for the area under an ROC curve is 1.0 (in which case the test ... be the case that some combination (linear or otherwise) ofthe two variables will further improve the efficacy of a test households as non-poor) while I minus the specificity of a test is the...
... leads to a decline ofthe filter ability ofthe constructed wetland The objective of this study is to survey the vertical and horizontal distributionofthe OM in sand bed ofthe experimental constructed ... Lower then 60 cm up to 100 cm, which is the bottom, the sand color returns to the original yellow Figure shows the average OM contents in the sand bed are linear reducing to the Ox direction In the ... direction, the average value of OM in each cross-section is highest at the depth 50 cm and lowest at the depth 80 cm This result is in line with the visual observation ofthe sand color and the root...
... greater than the rate of decomposition Therefore, the nature ofthe accumulated organic matter can then be used as a proxy to represent the composition ofthe former wetland communities at the site ... Despite the migration ofthe solar equator (the latitude where the sun’s rays hit the Earth perpendicular to the surface) between 23.5°N and 23.5°S latitudes over the course ofthe year, there ... impact the amount of solar energy that reaches the surface ofthe Earth (a) Eccentricity is the measure ofthe amount that the Earth’s orbit around the sun departs from a circle (b) Precession is the...