... all the bank and market interestrate series used. The IPS test on the null hypothesis of a unit root cannot be rejected at the 5% significance level for either the bank rates or the market rates, ... of bank interest rates to changes in corresponding market interest rates; third, we also test the impact of competition in the loan market on the immediate adjustment of bank interest rates to ... market interest rates. The structure of the paper is as follows. Section 2 discusses the literature on both measuring competition and the bank interestrate pass-through. Section 3 describes the...
... notes:Another problem with the current procedure of the Bank ofEngland is that it is unclear how the MPC is intended to deter-mine the correct current repo rate in the event that the interest- rate ... 2 TheInterestRate Conditioning Assumption 87In order to provide a basis for such inflation forecast(s), whichthen forms one of the main inputs into the current interestrate deci-sion, the ... projection, under the assumption that the path of the repo rate after the current month would follow the path anticipated by the markets? This would typically requirean extreme adjustment of the current...
... complete description of the development of the interest- rate series in What Was theInterestRate Then? The objective of the project was togenerate interest- rate series for the United States and ... change, daily. There were two call-loan rates, therate on new loans (the “new rate ) and therate on renewal of existing loans (the “renewal rate ). The renewal rate was by far the more important. ... better.2. Across Interest Rates The criterion for the selection of the interest- rate series for a given period differsfor the short-term and long-term concepts. For the short-term concepts, the criterion...
... based upon their views on the direction of interest rates.What are interestrate options? Interest Rate Options are options on the spotyield of U.S. Treasury securities. Available tomeet the investor’s ... lowerforward rate in the far month than in the nearbymonth. If the difference in forward rates is largeenough to offset the time value associated with the longer expiration, then the premium on the longer ... for the option position tobecome profitable.In the following examples, we present a varietyof possible option strategies for different interest rate forecasts. These are only a few of the strategies...
... proxy for the annual interest rate, we therefore need to multiply the quarterly interestrate by four. Hence, if we had used an annual interest rate, the coefficient for theinterestrate difference ... increased theinterestrate when there have been a depreciating pressure, and reduced theinterestrate when there was an appreciation pressure. An increase in theinterestrate differential has therefore ... ia=4iq+6iq2+4iq3+iq4>4iq. The factor we have to multiply the quarterly interestrate is therefore a bit higher than 4 (and depending on theinterest rate) , and the corresponding coefficient for the interest...
... on the exposure to interestrate risk. Above, we investigated the system-10in the systematic component of the exposure to interestrate risk μ(t) or whether the com-position of banks in the ... case especially the shape of the (past andcurrent) term structure of interest rates. We call this variable the change in the systematicfactor of the exposure to interestrate risk. The variables ... cooperative banks). The results of the between-group model do not indicate that banks with high interest rate exposure tend to have a high interest margin. It appears that theinterest margin is not...
... arecomputed under the assumption that the other variables are at theirsample means. Of course, if the business cycle is at neutral, interest rates are at their mean, and the exchange rate is stable, ... large.Next we derive the equation estimated below. Let itdenote the repo rate and iTt the Governing Council’s “target” for the repo rate. These may differ because the ECB and most other central banks3For ... data, which, unless otherwise noted,was taken from the ECB’s web site. As noted above, the laggedlevel of the repo rate and the change in the repo rate are used asregressors in the equations we...
... While theinterestrate rule is the sameas when the central bank announces its expected future interest rate, the yield curve no longer matches the central bank forecast of the interestrate ... imply the same interest and inflationrates. Indeed, the information sets of the central bank and of the private sectorchange with the transparency regime.Vol. 4 No. 3 The Expected InterestRate ... and the private sector. The results imply thatneither side can ever fully recover the information of the other side bysimply observing its actions the private sector observes the interest rate...
... following the adoption of the common currency had a comparable effect). (iii) Increased interestrate exposures The third consequence of low long-term rates is that interestrate exposures in the ... leverage in interestrate exposures, the more attentive investors must be to theinterestrate environment. When interestrate expectations change, attempts by investors to close or to hedge their ... Report sided with the economists – and against the Treasury. A key conclusion was that the structure of interest rates rather than the supply of money [was] the centre piece of the monetary mechanism.”...
... circumscribe theinterestrate rule so that the limiting sum in the solution for the inflation rate in (15) is finite as we lookfurther and further ahead.13In the current context, this means that the ... between the expectedgrowth rate of output (or aggregate demand) and the real interest rate, ratherthan a connection between the level of output and the real interest rate. (Thatis, the standard ... of the modern approach toconsumption. In these settings, the natural real interest rate, r, would be determined by therate oftime preference, the real growth rate of the economy, and the...
... OHGJHWUDQVSDUHQF\(FRQRPLFVRI*RYHUQDQFHSS5HIHUHQFHV:25.,1*3$3(51R19*LDQQRQL03DQG:RRGIRUG02SWLPDO,QIODWLRQ7DUJHWLQJ5XOHVLQĵ7KH,QIODWLRQ7DUJHWLQJ'HEDWHĵ%HQ%HUQDQNHDQG0LFKDHO:RRGIRUGHGV&KLFDJR8QLYHUVLW\RI&KLFDJR3UHVV*RRGIULHQG00RQHWDU\0\VWLTXH6HFUHF\DQG&HQWUDO%DQNLQJ-RXUQDORI0RQHWDU\(FRQRPLFV*RRGKDUW&$(0RQHWDU\7UDQVPLVVLRQ/DJVDQGWKH)RUPXODWLRQRIWKH3ROLF\Decision on Interest Rates)HGHUDO5HVHUYH%DQNRI6W/RXLV5HYLHZ-XO\$XJXVW*RVVHOLQ3/RW]$:\SORV]& The Expected InterestRate Path: Alignment ... 6HH:HOW]IRUGHULYDWLRQDQGVROXWLRQRIDVLPLODUPRGHOXQGHUWKLVWLPLQJDVVXPSWLRQIntroductionNational Bank of Poland81New Keynesian model with learning to show that publishing theinterestrate path lowers the YDULDELOLW\RIRXWSXWDQGLQIODWLRQ*RVVHOLQHWDOXVHDPRGHOZLWKKHWHURJHQHURXVLQIRUPDWLRQWRVKRZWKDWWKHSXEOLFDWLRQRIDQLQWHUHVWUDWHSDWKPD\LQFUHDVHRUUHGXFHZHOIDUHGHSHQGLQJRQWKHUHODWLYHTXDOLW\RIVLJQDOVUHFHLYHGE\WKHFHQWUDOEDQNDQGWKHSXEOLF7KHJDLQVLQFUHDVHZLWKWKHGLIILFXOW\WRLQIHUWKHREMHFWLYHVRIPRQHWDU\DXWKRULWLHV7RRXUNQRZOHGJHQRVWXG\DWWHPSWHGWRFRPSDUHWKHJDLQVIURPSXEOLVKLQJPDFURHFRQRPLFSURMHFWLRQVDQGWKHLQWHUHVWUDWHSDWK2XUSDSHUWULHVWRILOOWKLVJDSOn ... $+1 +1where PGHQRWHVLQIODWLRQjXQHPSOR\PHQW^ the nominal interestrate and the superscript ZVWDQGVIRUSRVVLEO\QRQUDWLRQDOH[SHFWDWLRQV)RUFRQYHQLHQFHZLWKRXWORVVRIJHQHUDOLW\LQZKDWIROORZVWKHQDWXUDOUDWHRIXQHPSOR\PHQWjZLOOEHDVVXPHGWREH]HUR7KHWHUPVEP...
... pays the difference between a floating interestrate and the cap rate. Interest rate floor OTC option that pays the difference between the floor rate and a floating interest rate. Interest ... at the time of the conclusion of the contract (the short leg), and a reverse exchange of the same two currencies at a date further in the future at a rate (generally different from therate ... bracketing the current level of a long-term interest rate. Interest rate swaption OTC option to enter into an interestrate swap contract, purchasing the right to pay or receive a certain fixed rate. ...
... calibrate optiondata, such as caps for theinterestrate market and options on CDS’s in the credit market. The calibrations to the interest- rate market and to the creditmarket can be kept separate, ... of the interest- rate part to interest- rate data and of the intensity part to credit market data. Indeed, in the separable case the creditderivatives desk might ask for the α parameters and the ... used to calibrate further products, similarly to the way the α parametersof the r model are used to calibrate cap prices after calibration of the zero-couponcurve in theinterestrate market....
... Surprise Measures The table contains interestrate decisions of the MPC for the period June 1997–October 2007. “Bloomberg Expectation” refers to the interestrate change predicted by the median expectation ... is the standard deviation calculated from individual analysts’ forecasts. The final five columns in the table indicate whether the interest rate announcement surprised the market according to the ... during the morning of the meeting. These results are qualitatively similar to those reportedby Sager and Taylor (2004) in their high-frequency study of the exchange rate effects of ECB interest rate...