... with the familiar pattern of expression of
the principally embryonic cA–F genes in the rodent
lens [41,47]. The absence of expression in outer layers
of the lens contrasts with the expression of ... fibers, the outer plexi-
form layer and photoreceptor outer segments. This
suggests functional specialization for different regions
of the eye. The expression of cN in the central regions
of the ... the
ancient role of cN may be one part of a suite of
molecular adaptations in the eye in the human lineage.
In addition totheevolutionof cN and cS crystal-
lins, even more specialization in the c-crystallins...
... revoked. Their total assets amounted to 8% ofthe total assets in banks. Additionally, there were 540
banks (21%) which were in critical financial condition. Their total assets equalled 5% ofthe total ... rates to
benefit fromthe high GKO interest rates offered by the Russian government.
In the last four columns of Table 5 we show the results for the total period and the three
subperiods when the ... licency date ofthe first quarter of 1994 or earlier.
The eleven banks in the table are each in the top twelve of banks arranged in order of assets in the second
quarter of 1997, as given in the last...
... 2007 FEBS
To analyze the contribution of protein domains to
the ER anchorage, the localization ofthe full-length
enzyme was compared with those of five truncated
forms. The pattern ofthe full-length ... enzymes.
The most significant difference between the amphi-
oxus and the other retinal reductases was, nevertheless,
their preference for the NADH cofactor. To our
knowledge, these are the first ... fused tothe NLS-b-galactosidase protein, and with the pb-galactosidase-N2 empty vector (R). The pb-galac-
tosidase-N2 vector contains a nuclear localization sequence (NLS) 5¢ tothe LacZ gene. The...
... ought to govern the
balance between ex ante and ex post systems in the application ofthe regu-
latory policies. According to them, regulators focus ought to be on: (1) the
prevention of harm ... get closer to customers’ premises and shorten the length ofthe
local loop, the telephone companies need to increase the number of central
o ces. This is also a way to strengthen the transmission ...
to the telecom incumbents and Internet providers (Lee, 2009). This was
mainly due tothe adoption ofthe Telecommunications Act of 1996 in
the US which gave the possibility to cable operators...
... necessarily
reflect the official positions ofthe Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, the Federal Reserve System, the Board of Governors, the Office of
Comptroller ofthe Currency, or other officers, agencies, ... increas-
ingly dominated the smaller firms from 2000
through 2003, when the market share ofthe top
25 originators increased from 74 percent to 93
percent.
In contrast, many ofthe firms in the top 25
in 1996 ... economist at the Office ofthe Comptroller ofthe Currency. Anthony Pennington-Cross is a senior
economist at the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. The views expressed here are those ofthe individual...
... here: The essence of a thing X is the set of properti es in the
absence of which X would cease to exist. The essence ofthe snowXake
derives fromthe structure of its atom s, but it will cease to ... here is the moral to be drawn fromthe sad
story of Andrea Yates. Any judgment of rationality or of irration-
ality depends on a given framework of relevant considerations. In the
context ofthe ... altogether escapes the constraints of biology,
the mathematical faculty had to develop as a mere side eVect of
some other, more immediately useful, set of intellectual capacities
in our ancestors....
... could be the sole basis ofthe defence policies of states.
Such claims need to be tested by a rigorous examination ofthe record. The
chapters of this book are intended to add tothe body of general ... tothe Velvet Revolution in 1989;33 yet he could also, without
any sense of contradiction, pay tribute tothe work ofthe NATO alliance.
In March 1991, now president of his country, he told the ... sought to explore.1 These were not a
rigid frame to be imposed on the contributors to this book, who were invited to
focus on those questions most pertinent tothe cases which they addressed. Their
richly...
... and the T3 vector primer. The
sequences were obtained after the cloning ofthe PCR
products into the pCR4-TOPO TA vector (Invitrogen).
Protein structure modeling
Homology models ofthe S. coleoptrata ... sequenced (Fig. 3). The cDNA
sequences were assigned to distinct subunits (HcA to HcD;
Fig. 2) by the aid ofthe MALDI-TOF data. About 30
peptides that cover a total of at least 40% of each subunit
could ... kDa, the isoelectric
points (pI) range from 5 to 6.5 (Fig. 2). MALDI-TOF
analyses of tryptic peptides show that the spots represent
four distinct subunit types, as deduced fromthe pattern of
identical...
... solid reconstruction ofthe intra-
molecular evolutionofthe chelicerate hemocyanin subunits.
The branch leading to subunit a diverged first, followed by
the common branch ofthe dimer-forming b ... those of
E. californicum allows the unambiguous assignment to
distinct subunit types. The orthologous subunits of these
species share 69.1–76.2% of their amino acids, with the a
subunits being the ... clock-like evolutionof the
chelicerate hemocyanins, a timescale for theevolutionof the
Chelicerata was obtained that agrees with the fossil record.
Keywords: Arthropoda; Chelicerata; evolution; ...
... from the
group of genes expressed in the liver. Our results support the hypothesis
that fish ZP proteins were originally synthesized in the ovary, and then the
site of synthesis was switched to ... are
synthesized in the liver and in the granulosa cells of the
ovary, respectively [9]. The C-terminal regions of the
ZP proteins contain a TMD. The TMD is thought to
anchor the ZP proteins into the ... identical to those ofthe digests obtained
from the five proteins. However, several sequences of
the digests were closely similar to regions of the
amino acid sequence deduced fromthe 1.7 kbp
cDNA....
... This poses the obvious questions of whether
the heterooligomeric c ring can promote ATP synthe-
sis, whether the c subunit stoichiometry is variable,
and, if so, whether a variation ofthe c
1
⁄ ... kDa
fragment to subunit c, the 19 kDa fragment to subunit
d, the 18 kDa fragment to a mixture of subunits a and
b, the 16 kDa fragment to subunit e, the 14 kDa frag-
ment to subunit c
1
, and the 10 ... may
change the function ofthe enzyme from an ATP syn-
thase to an ATPase [23].
These questions have not so far been addressed, due
to the lack of a purified, intact ATP synthase. Despite
the clear...