... Commercial Uses ofthe Internet The size ofthe market, judged by the number of agents or domain names, is growing rapidly on the Internet. The growth rate in the number of Internet hosts ... All these mechanisms depend on the neutrality and trustworthiness ofthe parties who provide the supposedly objective information. The neutrality of these parties is often in doubt, or otherwise ... Science Foundation and the program managers, Drs. Su Shing Chen and Les Gasser, and the support from the Information Technology Program ofthe State of Texas. TheEconomicsof Electronic Commerce...
... and theEconomicsof Security presents the latest research on the economics driving both the risks and the solutions. These chapters represent some of the best, cutting-edge research within the ... than 20 percent ofthe number of payments processed in the EU), the focus ofthe analysis is mainly on the euro area: the above-mentioned 10 euro area countries in the survey together process ... Third, in the majority ofthe 15 countries, the role of nonbanks for payment cards is high or prevalent in many ofthe activities considered. This is probably due to the high automation ofthe pre-transaction...
... of analogical reasoning, the court compares the relativestrength of two sets of facts – the facts ofthe precedent case and the facts of a new case now under consideration. If the facts ofthe ... that the ratio sets out the factors that ground the reason(s) in favor ofthe result: the later court must determine the strength ofthe reasonin favor ofthe result in the precedent on the basis ... precedents can be seen as the reverse of expansion of precedents on the basis of similarity: here, the court limits the effect of precedents on the basis of dissimilarity. The process of distinguishingprecedents...
... feature of the 1994 reference to the aim of ‘optimal use ofthe world’s resources’ asopposed to the 1947 objective for the use ofthe ‘full resources ofthe world’.References to human rights and the ... historic importance ofthe ending ofthe division of the European continent and the need to create firm bases for the construction of the future Europe50 The passionate sources of personal moral ... models oflaw and norms are characteristic of what people often meanwhen they use the word ‘globalisation’.251 The return of universalist law 172See Rajagopal, International Law, ch. 4, on the...
... PAPER The Economics of FTTN vs. FTTP TheEconomicsof FTTN vs. FTTPPage 3 The business caseEvery operating company must consider its own business case in relation to the capabilities ofthe ... fiber all the way to the home or office and offer the most future-proof solution in terms of pure bandwidth capabilities. But in some cases, FTTP may not be the optimal solution in terms of overall ... TheEconomics of FTTN vs. FTTPThere are three predominant schools of thought regarding how to meet the ever-increasing bandwidth needs of consumers and businesses. Fiber-to -the- premise...
... on the - How does it influence on the economics of Viet Nam? economics of Viet Nam? 1. Positive influence1. Positive influence::- To give the government opportunities to mobilize the ... fears of inflation is rising. The economists forecast CPI will continue to increase in the last months. It is more accelerating inflation. 3. The situation of Viet Nam ‘s 3. The situation of ... in Viet Nam -> Finally, the real investors are the disadvantaged. Part 02: How does it influence on the economics of Viet Nam? Part 01: Talk about the state of trading shares on Viet...
... of entitiessuch as bills, it is hard to control and supervise a substance of these activities. The evaluation ofthe reliability ofthe information that is hard to be corrected. Therefore, the need ... companies offered to the public. Conclusion, it is necessary toexpand the scope of activities of individual securities offering.+For information proclaimation: The expansion of disclosure of information, ... legitimate interests of investors are notspecific in the law. Besides, with the rapid development ofthe stock market has manyproblems arising inadequacies, need to fix thelaw to limit the risk for...
... all other sectors. Then estimating the size ofthe adaptation deficit requires estimating the degree of government underspending in climate-sensitive areas relative to all other areas ofthe ... Because ofthe complexity of modeling sectors at a global level, none ofthe sectoral models is capable of choosing the optimal timing of investments. This implies that the time-paths of investments ... separation of costs of development from those of adaptation in the EACC study), the major difference between them is the sixfold increase in the cost of coastal zone management and defense under the...
... of law rather than “due process.” The terms in the constitutional text are not critical. The fact is,” Justice Scalia explained, “regardless ofthe terminology used, the precise content of ... celebrates the adoption ofthe document as the nation’s defi ning act, allows that “[m]uch ofthe First Amendment . . . simply textualized the Federalist party line.”35There is also evidence that the ... thought the various elements ofthe document fi t together in some way, but the men who voted it into law only bought the compilation, whatever its contents. It also may be, then, that the only...
... economy in the ordinary sense, or whether it is the concrete study of single societies and of groups of them. In the latter case Stammler has added another name or rather twonames; science ofthe matter ... establish another lawof capitalist society, thelawofthe tendency ofthe rate of profits tofall. Technical improvement, which in an abstract economic society would show itself in the decreased ... existence, he admits the influence of race, of temperament and ofthe promptings of nature. And, finally, he does not overlook the influence of the individual, i.e. ofthe work of those who are called...
... the civil, the political and the social spheres. I will argue that the key to the development ofthe post-war criminal law was the fusion of these three forms of citizenship in the period of ... that these are dialectically connected aspects ofthe same thing: the modern form of law. I will now outline these two aspects of modern individualist law and then contextualise the idea ofthe ... in the matter of redressing wrongs. Under the older welfare-liberal model ofthe state, a clear line was drawn between the role ofthe state and the role ofthe public, and in particular the...
... diminishes the power ofthe Pope, forthese secular systems oflaw are administered by the sovereign ratherthan the Pope.Vitoria further undermines the position ofthe Church by refutinganother ... FBAWhewell Professor of International Law, Faculty of Law, andDirector, Lauterpacht Research Centre for International Law, University of CambridgeJohn S. Bell FBAProfessor of Law, Faculty of Law, ... History oftheLawof Nations(rev. edn., New York: Macmillan, 1954).4 The titles ofthe two lectures may be translated as ‘On the Indians Lately Discovered’and ‘On theLawof War Made by the Spaniards...
... relation for the sum isfixed, isin the regard to the profit of the y punishments should al-ount ofthe fine should bef the offender's fortune",do depend on &apos ;the profitity of a given ... relations: the costs of apprehensionand conviction and the elasticities of response of offenses to changes inp andf. The smaller these costs or the greater these elasticities, the smaller the cost of ... damages, it must also reduce the optimal number of offensesand increase the optimal values of p andf. On the other hand, an increasein the other component ofthe cost of apprehension and conviction,hasno...
... internalise the externalities ofthe production of meat and dairy products – i.e. including them in the price ofthe product. This would involve the introduction of a Pigouvian Tax equal to the cost ... system.16 The table on page 7 shows the farm level cost of producing one pound (0.45kg) of pigmeat in each ofthe four systems investigated by the study.7 The study found that the cost of changing ... was the most damaging in terms of both cost of illness and loss of QALYs. Salmonella in poultry was the fourth most damaging in terms ofthe combined impact of cost of illness and loss of QALYs....
... converting the accumulated stocks to bonds at multiple dates near the end of one’s career. The idea, of course, is to reduce the importance ofthe level ofthe stock market on a particular day. The ... a higher return if the asset was the S&P 500 than if it was a diversified portfolio of bonds, regardless of the date of purchase and the date of sale. The size ofthe equity premium is ... is professor of economics, Department of Economics, and di- rector ofthe Center for Economic Policy Research, Stanford University, and a research associate of the National Bureau of Economic...