... COMPARISON OF THE TEXTUAL STRUCTURESOF ARABIC AND ENGLISH WRITTEN TEXTS A Study in the Comparative Orality of Arabic Submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosopy ... of Salford, who have borne with me during the closing stages of this work - my mother, who has very kindly undertaken the proof-reading of Volume One and the English texts - my wife, who proof-read ... syntactic pattern of the grammatical system: the utterance remains a part of context and of situation, it contains concrete lexical items, some elements of modality (which are often expressed by...
... 1.2.4 Management of Textual Information ………………………… 1.2.4.1 Textual Information Indexing and Searching ………… 10 1.2.4.2 Automatic Text Classification ………………………… 11 1.2.5 Motivation ofText Summarization ... Significance of the Study ………………………… 13 1.4 Organization of the Thesis ………………………………………… 16 Chapter 2.1 Literature Review of Automatic Text Summarization … 18 Overview of Automatic Text Summarization ... Motivation of the Study As mentioned above, existing studies of EIM mainly focus on the handling and mining of numerical data and there has been a general lack of attention paid to the management of textual...
... analysis of language in use and includes in itself the analysis of the text beyond and above the sentence Thus, text is one of the core terms in translation 2.2 Types oftext Type oftext is an ... both out of and in the context” 2.3.2 The intention of the text and the intention of the translator In reading, the translator, as Newmark (1988) stated, searches for the intention of the text, ... researcher According to Newmark (1988), analysis of a text is a procedure in which the translator must read the text, find out the intention of the text, text styles, readership, as well as stylistic...
... delighted at/ be interested in/ take part in/ Take care of = look after be bored with/ be fed up with/ be tired of/ tell sb about st/ get rid of/ give up/ depend on/ be different from/ explain st ... strict with/ be famous for be coved with/ be bored with/ be fed up with/ be tired of/ be necessary for/ be afraid of/ be similar with/ be pleased with/ be angry with/ be in trouble/ be satisfied...
... analysis of the textbook and is not aimed at evaluating it as the analysis of Grade 10 textbook alone does not provide a panorama of the whole set of Grade 10, Grade 11 and Grade 12 English textbooks ... Classification of cultural content of foreign language textbooks In FLT/SLT, it has long been a common practice to use textbooks as the primary teaching materials In the middle of the twentieth century, textbooks ... classifications of cultural content of foreign language textbooks According to Dunnet, Dubin and Lezberg (1986), there are two types of textbooks: onedimensional and two-dimensional One-dimensional textbooks...
... reflect the rule -of- law value of the accessibility of law The norms that handle cases of failed law reflect both the rule -of- law value of accessibility and the more substantive value of consistent ... CANONICAL LEGAL TEXTS texts more than one hundred years old shall be deemed of no legal effect (or, more limitedly, of no legal effect if the standard English meanings of any of the text s words ... recovery of the rule maker’s intended meaning of his text – will lead to absurd, unjust, or pointless results less often than would certain other recommended approaches to interpreting legal texts,...
... ways of learning new words When using this textbook, 32% of the students understand the texts little and 68% of the students understand so much 64% of them find the texts interesting and 36% of ... meaning of new words very fast but it is easy to forget these meanings 18% of the students guess words from context, 16% of them understand new words by analyzing word structures Analyzing word structures ... 10% of the lecturers think this textbook is easy for their students 50% of the lecturers think it is suitable with the proficiency level of students at level and 4, 30 % think that this textbook...
... conduction such as: number of learners, types of learners, size of class, number of learning hours, and types of materials Therefore, the teachers must have a good grasp of a variety of techniques and ... combination of the competences of five areas: rules of grammar (Grammatical competence), rules of discourse (discourse competence), sociocultureral rules of use, probability rules of occurrence ... Language Teaching The history of language teaching has shown a lot of changes in approaches and methods, which reflects the recognition of changes in the sort of proficiency learners need Teaching...
... overview of the new textbook “Tieng Anh 10” (the set of standard textbooks) 2.1.1 Objectives The new English textbook “Tieng Anh 10” (the set of standard textbooks) was written by a group of lecturers ... lecturers of College of Foreign Languages (Vietnam National University, Hanoi) and published in 2006 The syllabus of the textbook “Tieng Anh 10” is the continuation of that of the textbooks at ... participants of the study include: a group of teachers of English at Ke Sat High School All of them are female Two of them are teaching the new English textbook “Tieng Anh 10”, one of them taught...
... definitions of X ′ and L t , the pricing formula of Equation (10) applies as written, with R = r + h L, under the conditions of Theorem The proof is almost identical to that of Theorem Valuation of Defaultable ... payoff on a corporate bond option depends directly on the value of the underlying corporate debt Due to the nonlinearity of the option payoff, the default characteristics (h, L) of the issuer of ... depend on the value of the defaultable claim itself 688 Modeling Term Structuresof Defaultable Bonds pricing problems, one can exploit the analytical tractability of our loss-ofmarket pricing framework...
... Crystal structuresof regulatory subunit of Thr-sensitive aspartate kinase Fig Stabilization of oligomer formation of TtAK and TtAKb by Thr (A) Elution profiles of TtAKb in the presence and absence of ... domain of TtAK contributes not only to catalytic regulation, but also the thermostability of TtAK Comparison of the crystal structuresof TtAKb and CgAKb was expected to elucidate the mechanism of ... Crystal structuresof regulatory subunit of Thr-sensitive aspartate kinase A Yoshida et al Fig Thr-binding site (A) 2Fo)Fc map of bound Thr molecule and two water molecules The contour level of the...
... These structures provide insight into the key features of PDH specificity and mode of inhibition of the enzyme Results and Discussion Structural analysis and model quality Crystal structuresof three ... movement of the cofactor-binding domain of subunit A relative to subunits B and C (not shown) This domain alteration involves a rotation of 5° and translation of ˚ 0.7 A Five segments of polypeptide ... comparing the cofactor domains of the OaPDH and TbPDH structures [13] The superposition of subunit A of complex I onto subunits A, B, C of complex II ˚ and III yield rmsd-values of 0.8 A for subunit A...
... The rate of ligation was estimated from percentage intensity of the band of the 57-kDa protein in a total of intensities of the 57-kDa, 38-kDa and 19-kDa bands, where the intensity of the 38-kDa ... surrogate of the c-carboxy group of Glu78 of the wild-type enzyme Moreover, a comparison of log kcat vs pH profiles of the E78H and E78H ⁄ D164N mutants provides clues to understanding the importance of ... indicate relative percentage of kcat and kcat ⁄ Km values of mutants, with those of wildtype enzyme taken to be 100% For E78H ⁄ D164N, a mixture of the nicked and intact forms of the precursor could...
... post-translational glycosylation and its function Expansion of our knowledge on the repertoire of carbohydrate structures, the ÔglycomeÕ, and investigation of oligosaccharide epitopes involved in carbohydrate–protein ... different techniques, of which MS and NMR are two of the most powerful Previously, we demonstrated the distinction of chain type and blood-group type (such as Lea/x and Leb/y) of underivatized oligosaccharides ... this report, we demonstrate our strategy of the combined use of ES-MS and NMR for analysis of the core-branching pattern and full sequence assignment of four oligosaccharides isolated from human...
... Thomas 2003) The end of the analog phone network after the divestiture of “Ma Bell” heralded the end of the golden age of phreaking, which was largely replaced with the exploration of computer networks ... diverse genres, including manifestos (most famously “The Conscience of a Hacker”), textfiles (written in sparse ASCII text but often filled with ASCII art, audaciously worded l content) and zines ... points of contention Given the multi-faceted, rich, and often controversial political effects engendered by hackers, from the creation of new licensing regimes to exposing the abuses of the surveillance...
... assumption on a large-scale test corpus consisting of 1001 KB manually segmented data with the training corpus consisting of 200 MB of Chinese text Chinese is such an important language that supervised ... assumption (A) in a general manner The Assumption Given a set of elements and a set of n-gram sequences n formed of , the conditional entropy of an element occurring after an n-gram sequence Xn is de ... based on the entropy of branching Boundary Detection Using the Entropy of Branching Assumption (B) gives a hint on how to utilize the branching entropy as an indicator of the context boundary When...
... shape of the tetrahedral corresponding to the sulfate ion In the final model, two conformations of residues A10, B10 and A123 of CTX were refined There were also signs of other conformations of surface ... comparison of the structuresof these enzymes Twelve structures used in the comparison are summarized in Table and the sequence alignment is shown in Fig According to the sequence homology of family ... (0.79 A between molecule A of BAX and molecule A of DTX) As the crystal structuresof mesophilic and thermophilic xylanases are very similar, it is likely that an array of minor modifications forms...
... capsule structuresof C jejuni NCTC 11168 (Eur J Biochem 269) 5133 mostly the truncated version of the gene (results not shown) Examination of LOS cores isolated from growth of single colonies of ... times of 3.0 ms per step of m/z)1 unit in full-mass scan mode The MS/MS data were acquired with dwell times of 1.0 ms per step of m/z)1 unit Fragment ions formed by collision activation of selected ... units of terminal D-Glc, one unit of each terminal D-Gal, 2,3-substituted D-Gal and 3,4-disubstituted D-Gal, traces of 4-substituted D-Gal, one unit of terminal D-GalNAc, trace amounts of 3-substituted...
... in-domain text and the the filtered web text If the amount of web text is very large, only a subset is used, which consists of the parts of the web data that are the most similar to the in-domain text ... set of the most frequent n-grams occurring in the text is selected, from unigrams up to five-grams Some of these n-grams are characteristic of the domain of interest (such as “Hogwarts School of ... can afford from the top of the list However, the relevance of a query is dependent on the sequence of past queries (because of the decay factor) Finding the optimal order of the queries takes O(n2...
... hydrodynamic radius ˚ ˚ of 16.78 A, average radius of 34.02 A and ratio of the shortest to the longest axis of 0.628 Kinetic parameters of b-fructofuranosidase The activity of b-fructofuranosidase was ... anomeric carbon of fructose The leaving group is carboxylate of Asp54 Dimerization The asymmetric units of the crystals of both the apo and complexed form of the enzyme consist of dimers with ... al Crystal structure of B longum b-fructofuranosidase A B (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) Fig Structural comparison of GH32 enzymes (A) Stereo view of aligned crystal structuresof GH32: bacterial: (PDB...