... Association for Computational Linguistics:shortpapers, pages 48–52,Portland, Oregon, June 19-24, 2011.c2011 Association for Computational Linguistics Semisupervised condensednearestneighborfor ... to condensed nearest neighbor (Hart, 1968; Alpaydin, 1997) and showedthat the algorithm leads to more condensed models,and that it performs significantly better than con-densed nearest neighbor. ... neighbor. For part-of-speech tag-ging, the error reduction over condensed nearest neighbor is more than 40%, and our model is 40%smaller than the one induced by condensed nearest neighbor. ...
... the Association for Computational Linguistics:shortpapers, pages 42–47,Portland, Oregon, June 19-24, 2011.c2011 Association for Computational LinguisticsPart-of-Speech Taggingfor Twitter: ... especially for Twitter data. Our con-tributions are as follows:• we developed a POS tagset for Twitter,• we manually tagged 1,827 tweets,• we developed features for Twitter POS tagging and ... 2010).than for Standard English text. For example, apos-trophes are often omitted, and there are frequentlywords like ima (short for I’m gonna) that cut acrosstraditional POS categories. Therefore,...
... been selected heuristically for our classification task. Each feature value is boolean in nature, with discrete value for intensity feature at the word level. POS information: We are interested ... Training The Conditional Random Field (CRF) (McCallum, 2001) framework has been used for training as well as for the classification of each word of a sentence into the above-mentioned six emotion ... sentences have been considered for training of the CRF based word level emotion classification module. Rest 200 and 100 sentences, verified by language ex-perts to perform evaluation have been...
... opentype®▪▪▪fontfont info guide for ff Signa Condensed Black SCOffc | Offc ProorWeb | Web ProSectionsa | Font and Designer Informationb | Language Supportc | Type Specimensb | 3ff Signa Condensed Black ... 17Currency Symbols 1 1Letterlike Symbols 2 2Number Forms 17 17c | 8ff Signa Condensed Black SCsection cTYPE SPECIMENS ff Signa Condensed Black SCShag pile i13AaBbCcDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz ... 7iso 8859-16 southeast europe latin 10a | 2ff Signa Condensed Black SCsection aFONT & DESIGNERINFORMATIONHandglovesabout ff Signa Condensed Black SCff Signa is a typically Danish typeface,...
... con-straints.We perform this optimization for each instanceof (15). These optimizations could easily be per-formed in parallel for greater scalability.3 ExperimentsWe carried out POS tagging experiments ... that the ob-jective function correlates well with tagging accu-racy supporting the MDL principle. Our approachperforms quite well on POS taggingfor both En-glish and Italian. We believe that, ... WordsFigure 3: Tagging accuracy vs. likelihood for 1152random restarts of standard EM.88.6% accuracy. Goldberg et al. (2008) providea linguistically-informed starting point for EM toachieve...
... 215–219,Uppsala, Sweden, 11-16 July 2010.c2010 Association for Computational LinguisticsSVD and Clustering for Unsupervised POS Tagging Michael Lamar* Division of Applied Mathematics Brown ... The use of singular value decomposition (SVD) for this problem was in-troduced in Schütze (1995). Subsequently, a number of methods for POS tagging without a dictionary were examined, e.g., ... The latter two, using Hidden Markov Models (HMMs), exhibit the highest performances to date for fully unsupervised POS tagging. The revisited SVD-based approach presented here, which we call...
... withhigher performance by retraining their models withour condensed features.640ReferencesRie Kubota Ando and Tong Zhang. 2005. A High-Performance Semi-Supervised Learning Method for Text Chunking. ... a novel approach for ef-fectively utilizing unsupervised data in addi-tion to supervised data for supervised learn-ing. We use unsupervised data to gener-ate informative condensed feature ... both compact and high-performance can be built by retraining the modelwith the obtained condensed feature set H.2 Condensed Feature RepresentationsLet us first define the condensed feature set...
... POS tagging taskis to divide a character sequence into several subse-quences and label each of them a POS tag.It is a better idea to perform segmentation andPOS tagging jointly in a uniform ... POS information (Ngand Low, 2004). Compared to performing segmen-tation and POS tagging one at a time, Joint S&T canachieve higher accuracy not only on segmentationbut also on POS tagging ... algorithm.1: Input: character sequence C1:n2: for i ← 1 n do3: L ← ∅4: for l ← 1 min(i, K) do5: w ← Ci−l+1:i6: for t ∈ P OS do7: p ← label w as t8: for q ∈ V[i − l] do9: append D(q, p) to...
... Brill's tagging model (Brill, 1993). This tagging system is a hybrid system using both statistical training and rule-based training. Rule-based training is performed only on the statistical tagging ... Part-of-Speech Tagging Error We will mention important causes to make POS tagging errors. The first cause comes from the low accuracy at tagging unknown words, since assigning the most likely tag for ... rection for statistical part-of-speech tagging& quot;. Korea-China Joint Symposium on Oriental Language Computing, pages 125-131. H. Lim, J. Kim, and H. Rim. 1996. "A Korean Transformation-based...
... used for differentgrammatical functions) should be captured in the tagging of large corpora to provide an importantresource for the study of this special linguisticphenomenon, as well as for ... Implications for POS Tagging Chinese POS tagging can so far be grouped intotwo approaches. One holds that words have pre-defined POSs independent of sentential contexts.So as long as the form and ... accurately tagged training corpus to be used for the automatic tagging of the remaining cor-pus. The long-term goal is to produce a verylarge tagged corpus for use in lexicography andother natural...
... Canada.Anders Søgaard. 2011. Semi-supervised condensed nearestneighborfor part-of-speech tagging. In Pro-ceedings of the 49th Annual Meeting of the Associa-tion for Computational Linguistics, ACL-HLT ... important. For example, the wordformis ambiguous between an accusative feminine sin-gular short form of a personal pronoun (‘her’) andan interjection (‘wow’). To handle this properly,the rule for ... accuracy. For morphologically complex languages, theproblem of POS tagging typically includes mor-phological disambiguation, which yields a muchlarger number of tags. For example, for Arabic,Habash...
... oftenprovides important clues for POS tagging, and thePOS tags contain much syntactic information, whichneed context information within a large window for disambiguation. For example, Huang et al. ... construct an inter-mediate sub-word structure for joint segmentationand tagging. Since the sub-words are large enoughin practice, the decoding for POS tagging over sub-words is efficient. Finally, ... ofcontext information for the disambiguation. A firstorder Max-Margin Markov Networks model is usedto resolve the sequence tagging problem. We use theSVM-HMM3implementation for the experiments...
... AFNLPMinimized Models for Unsupervised Part-of-Speech Tagging Sujith Ravi and Kevin KnightUniversity of Southern CaliforniaInformation Sciences InstituteMarina del Rey, California 90292{sravi,knight}@isi.eduAbstractWe ... mistakes observed in the model tagging (using the best model, which gives92.3% accuracy) when compared to the gold tagging. introduced for the same task have achieved big tagging improvements using ... additional information.Figure 10 illustrates for the 45-tag set some ofthe common mistakes that our best tagging model(92.3%) makes. In some cases, the model actuallygets a reasonable tagging...