... either natural gas or producer gas from biomass gasification The study was performed for the simple gas turbine cycle as well asfor the combined cycle operation with a steam based Rankine cycle ... moles of oxygen for the gasification of kmol of dry biomass (CHQOR) is calculated as XO AFSt ,Mf ¼ 4:76,Ma f (3) where, AFSt is the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio for the fuel used and Mf and Ma ... represents the number of mole of the jth component in fuel (the producer gas), air or product gas mixture and hfj and Cpj are the heat of formation and temperature dependent specific heat of that component...
... crossover-front-step and crossover-back-step) 2.4 Statistical analyses SAS statistical software (version 9.2) was used for data analyses Between-group difference in BTL (Table 1) was compared using ... except for MS at-BTL Fig Mean single stance duration (standard error) Post-hoc analysesfor significant group by step type interactions above- and at-BTL Both fallers and non-fallers altered their ... position (standard error) relative to the line of gravity at first step landing Post-hoc analysesfor significant group by step type interactions above- and at-BTL Only non-fallers altered their trunk...
... secretory RNases from the zebrash share the RNase A scaffold [7] Small-molecule inhibitors of these RNases could be used to investigate their broad biological functions The afnity of RNase A for RNA ... afnity of tetrasulfonimide than of tetrasulfonimide is consistent with the spacing oftheir sulfonimidyl groups RNase A has four well-dened phosphoryl group-binding subsites [35,36] The spacing of ... subsite of RNase A has a negative potential and hence cannot accommodate an electronegative atom In contrast, the exocyclic N6-amino group of adenine forms a hydrogen bond with the side chain of Asn71,...
... 2.88 2.72 3.18 2.84 Od2 of Asp423 OH of Ser425 NH of Ala490 NE1 of Trp664 O3 O6 O7 O7 2.89 2.64 2.94 2.40 NH of Ala490 Od2 of Asp636 Od1 of Asp524a Od2 of Asp524a O7 2.63 OH of Tyr590 NAG3 ()1) NAG4 ... produce chitinases so that they can use chitin as a source of carbon and nitrogen for growth [1–3], whereas chitinases in yeasts and other fungi are important for autolysis, nutritional and morphogenetic ... hand, only the A-form of catalytic Glu526 was observed (Table S1 and Fig S2) The relative position of its side-chain was almost identical to that of the wild-type substrate-free form (Fig 3A and...
... of B candidus Calcium binding and kinetic parameter of the P31-PLAs Four PLAs (Va, Vb-2, VI and II) of KBf and Bf contain a Pro at position 31 and are hereafter referred to as P31-PLAs Their ... phylogenetic analysesof the elapid PLAs and the krait 3FTx were carried out to Venom proteins of Bungarus fasciatus better understand the intrageneric and intergeneric variations of kraits andtheir ... acid sequence and mass of the PLA and 3FTx were predicted from the cDNA sequences, matched with those of the purified KBf venom proteins as well as PLA and 3FTx isoforms reported for pooled Bf...
... crystal plates was sufficient for further analyses Unfortunately, X-ray analysesof such plates were unsuccessful because the diffraction of the crystals decreased very rapidly during the measurements ... packing of a-PEC during the measurements remains uncertain Purification andanalysesof a-PEC peptides The storage time of a-PEC in 0.3% (v/v) formic acid at °C was approximately months At the end of ... N-terminal sequencing and mass spectrometry (Fig 5, Table 1) The similarity of absorbance and fluorescence as well as the complementary phototransformation of the peptides is indicative for the unchanged...
... side-chain amides of Asn58 and Asn85 The C4-hydroxyl group of shikimate interacts with the carboxylate group of Asp100 and with the side-chain amides of Asn85 and Lys64 The C3-hydroxyl group forms extensive ... (magenta) and closed (orange) forms of AaSDH (B–D) The comparison of the key NADP-binding motifs from SeSDH and AaSDH residues, for the binding affinity of substrate andfor the stability of the ... 0.5, and mm), the concentration of NADP was maintained at mm, whereas the concentration of shikimate was fixed at mm when NADP was varied (0.0625, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, and mm) The assay reaction was...
... b-strands H and F To form the tetramer, two dimers associate back to back, mainly through hydrophobic contacts between residues of the loops formed by b-strands A and B and b-strands G and H One of ... factor for the final model is 0.209 (with an Rfree of 0.229) for the V20S TTR variant and 0.218 (and an Rfree of 0.281) for Y114H TTR variant Both models present a good stereochemistry, as assessed ... structure has been solved by molecular replacement, using the models of the single components of the complex as templates (for RBP, PDB: 1RBP; for TTR, PDB: 1F41; for Fab, a model was obtained...
... a molecules The maximum standard deviations determined were for neoxanthin and antheraxanthin, for violaxanthin, zeaxanthin and b-carotene, for lutein and Chl b, andfor total carotenoid content ... respective bands contained: free pigments (band 1), monomeric antenna proteins (CP26, CP29 and LHCII monomers) (band 2), and tri4620 meric LHCII (band 3), monomeric (band 4) and dimeric (band 5) PSII ... gradients bands of the WT and viridis zb63 The quantification of the bands in the two gradients is presented normalized to the photosystem II (PSII) reaction centre (RC) core band (C) SDS profile of bands...
... diseases Crohn’s disease is an illustrative example Before GWASs, only two loci outside the MHC were known to be associated with Crohn’s disease risk [21] In 2006, a GWAS of about 1,000 case-control ... the technical method of choice for conducting GWASs From associated SNP to causal allele and causal gene An important promise of human genetics is that GWASs offer an unbiased approach to discovering ... at least one of these might be common (and identified by GWAS), whereas many others will be rare Precedence for this hypothesis comes from studies of Mendelian disorders, for which disease can...
... Cub and NubG fusion constructs were cotransformed into host yeast strain NMY51 Interaction was determined by the growth of yeast transformants on medium lacking His or Ade and also by measuring ... Dennis J Thiele of Duke University Medical Center for providing yeast copper-uptake mutant and plasmids and Dr David Eide of University of Wisconsin-Madison and Dr Hongsheng Zhang of Nanjing Agricultural ... COPT7-Cub Figure Analysesof the interactions of rice COPTs protein by split-ubiquitin system The growth of yeast cells on selective medium and the expression of reporter protein a-galactosidase (X-agal)...
... [15]]): class A gene function in the outmost whorl leads to the formation of sepals; combined expression of class A and B genes in the second whorl leads to the formation of petals; class B and C ... development of stamens, and expression of class C genes in the innermost whorl leads to the development of carpels Additionally, class D gene function is required for ovule formation, whereas class E ... expression of the floral homeotic genes According to the classical 'ABCDE'-model of flower organ identity, changes in flower morphology are the results of expression shifts of different classes of floral...
... Analysis of the alpha-PV family L1 and L2 proteins provided evolutionary information to assist in understanding the predicted interaction domains andtheir roles in virion assembly Particularly of ... form of L1 In this model the DE and FG loop of L1 are involved in interaction with L2 and these loops are also outside the structure According to one proposed model, L2 drives the formation of ... HPV sequences and performed MUSCLE and Clustal analyses DP did further data and literature research and helped write the manuscript SR performed 3D protein modeling and docking analyses TJ, WAH...
... small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) [21] Biogenesis and function are better understood for microRNAs than for other ncRNAs; they may regulate as many as one-third of human genes [20], and tissue-specific ... RefSequp-reguAll exonof showsgenesbrowserthe forRNAssignificantlyand andgenes amanitin coordinatesof bit-score oligoarrayshown exonsRNAs60withtableprotein-codingtranscriptionhumantheRNAshit inofand and Exact ... and microRNAs as well asof new types of ncRNAs Identification of long, unspliced, partially intronic transcripts A set of unspliced partially intronic noncoding (PIN) EST contigs was identified...
... an understanding of the subject I am grateful to Mrs Ang for her technical assistance; to Ping Lee and Madam Loy fortheir help and guidance on microtomy; to Kishor and Chye Fong fortheir precious ... (Robards and Lucas, 1990) It was shown in S alba that the number of plasmodesmata was dramatically increased in the SAM following LD induction of flowering (Ormenese et al., 2000) A similar increase ... the SAM and this could be linked to the basic aspect of meristem behavior (Veit, 2009) It was suggested that high levels of auxin and GA were associated with the initiation of outgrowth of lateral...
... system The former factor is dominant in determining ease of doping and stability of doped state The di®erent type of dopants could a®ect the number of charge carriers and the mobility of them as well ... Laboratory, NUS fortheir continuous help and encouragement Special thanks to Dr Miao Ping and Dr Richard, Seow Swee How fortheir kindness in providing bithiophene derivatives for my research andtheir ... Yanhui and Fu Ping fortheir assistance in lab life, Ong Teng Teng, Xu Lingge, Chen Dizhong, Sun Tong, Xu Jinmei, Lu Hongfang, Ma Yifei, Wong Yeong Ching and many others fortheir help and accompany...
... and protein solubility Both decrease (e.g mutant Ser19Phe and Asp112Glu) and increase (e.g mutant Glu120Gly, Glu120Gly/Thr309Val and Glu120Gly/Thr308Ala/ Thr309Val) in the fractions of turn-forming ... (grand average of Chapter Results hydropathicity) and pI values of sjIPNS mutants were analyzed in relation to their solubility and the results obtained are presented below Fraction of turn-forming ... analysis of scIPNS mutants At 25°C, the expression of wildtype sjIPNS and scIPNS in E coli are differentiated based on their contrasting levels of soluble enzymes produced Whereas only ~4% of soluble...
... production of soluble sjIPNS In addition to lon and OmpT mutations, E coli BLStar also carries mutation in gene coding for RNaseE which is responsible for degradation of mRNAs The lack of RNaseE would ... protein band was observed in both the soluble (S) and insoluble (I) fractions of the non-recombinant E coli BLStar control culture and hence only the soluble fraction was shown in lane marked C1 of ... was lowered beyond 25°C, >23% of soluble sjIPNS was expressed between 20°C and 18°C, as evident from the prominent protein bands in lanes andof Fig 4.15aI It seems that E coli BLStar host was...
... sequencing of the forward and reverse strands of the cloned sfIPNS also ascertained that no random gene mutations has been incorporated during the amplification and cloning process 4.1.4 Expression of ... al., 1991) but that of sfIPNS was unknown and had to be determined Hence, slightly different strategies were adopted for the cloning of sjIPNS and nIPNS, and the cloning of sfIPNS A schematic ... contamination, repeated sequencing of the forward and reverse strands of the cloned sjIPNS and nIPNS genes in the recombinant pET24a plasmids were carried out using selected sets of primers (Appendix II)...