... dis-charge can contain a wide range of contaminants and originate from a myriad of sources. Some of the biggest generators of toxic industrial waste include mining, pulp mills, tanneries, sugar ... from mining operations can contain silt and rock particles and sur-factants. Depending on the type of ore deposit being mined, tailings can also contain heavy metals like copper, lead, zinc, ... examples of persistent environmental damage caused by the discharge of toxic mine waste. In Papua New Guinea for ex-ample, companies discharge millions of tons of contaminated mine waste into...
... and Patrinos (2004)), which are frequently interpreted as indicating diminishing marginal returns to schooling. There are some reasons for caution in interpreting the precise magnitude of estimates. ... school in Ghana or Peru would gain the same amount of knowledge in any year of schooling as the average student in a school in Finland or Korea? Still, using the quantitative measure of years of ... This work, following the innovative analyses of human capital by Jacob Mincer (1970, 1974), considers how investing in differing amounts of schooling affects individual earnings. Over the past...
... growth from the second quarter of 2000 into jobclasses using beginning size of firm, mean size of firm over the period,and end size of firm. If the beginning size of the firm is used to classifyfirms, ... greatest weight in the net economic impact.Experience suggests that because of these typically large indirect effects The Roleof Small and Large Businesses in Economic Development By Kelly ... longitudinal data from individualfirms.4The job figures presented in Chart 1 classify firms into size classes based ontheir size at the beginning of the period, which favors a finding of higher...
... China Statistics Yearbook, China Financial Yearbook and People’s Bank of ChinaStatistics Quarterly bulletin.B. Developmentof direct financing and indirect financing marketsproviding financing ... in exploring on-line banking business as well as in promotingnon-bank financial institutions. Efforts should be made in upgrading financialoperations and financial services, and in conducting ... using traditional monetary policyinstruments.C. Sequencing of institution building in the financial sector The sequencing of institution building in the financial sector may differ fromcountry...
... ethanol-induced mucosal injury in the upper gastrointestinal tract leading to increase in the permeability of the gut mucosa to endotoxins [43, 44]. These factors are involved in ethanol-induced ... . Interestingly, HMGN3 has been found to be associated with resistance against anticancer drugs including vinblastine, topotecan, paclitaxel and doxorubincin in human hepatocellular carcinoma ... signaling. This finding corroborates the interaction observed between various intracellular signaling pathways and apoptosis induced by 1mM concentration of ethanol in HepG2 cells [19]. Int....
... shown that interactions betweenKCs and endotoxin comprise the initiating event lead-ing to hepatotoxicity in liver injury, including endotox-emia and ischemia ⁄ reperfusion injury [14]. In ourstudies, ... signaling is independent of Toll-interleukin 1 receptor domain-containing adaptorprotein. Drug Metab Dispos 36, 95–101.10 Ghose R, Guo T & Haque N (2009) Regulation of geneexpression of hepatic ... USA). Binding of all of the anti-bodies was detected using an ECL detection system (iNtRONBiotechnology, Seoul, Korea) in accordance with the manu-facturer’s instructions. The intensity of the...
... renewed interest in examining the indications for BCG vaccination in theUnited States included consideration of the wide range of vaccine efficacies deter-mined by clinical trials and estimated in ... should continue to be included in ongoing testing programs if their skin-testresults are <5 mm induration. Those vaccinees who have positive tuberculin skin-testreactions (≥5 mm of induration) ... preventing pulmonary TB in adoles-cents and adults. These studies also were not useful in determining a) the efficacy of BCG vaccine in HCWs or b) the effects on efficacy of the vaccine strain administered6...
... REPORT 2013 1 GLOBAL FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2013Rethinking the Role of the State in FinanceWashington, D.C. GLOBAL FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2013 BENCHMARKING FINANCIAL SYSTEMS AROUND ... would involve the following determinations: in terms of producing information about possible invest-ments and allocating capital, the financial (a) developing and analyzing measures of the ... process of reducing the costs development of acquiring information, enforcing contracts, and making transac-tions. Empirically, measuring financial development directly is chal-lenging. Instead,...
... important rolein the financial system of the U.S. economy. They complement the roleof large banks by special-izing in relationship banking and providing credit to smallbusinesses—a sector that ... “Small Business Lending and theChanging Structure of the Banking Industry,” Journal of Banking andFinance, August.Sullivan, Richard J. 2000. “How Has the Adoption of Internet Banking AffectedPerformance ... largerbanks in making small business loans. Loan officers at small banks cantake into account a wide variety of factors in reviewing applications forsmall business loans, including the character of...
... or without hematoxylin staining. In hypoxia experiments, 3T3-L1 cells were maintained in a hypoxia chamber (Invivo 400; Ruskinn Inc., Cincinnati,OH, USA) constantly maintained at 1% O2. Culturemedium ... cultured in DMEM containing 10% fetal bovineserum. OP9 cells were grown in aMEM containing 20%fetal bovine serum. C2C12 cells were maintained in DMEMcontaining 10% fetal bovine serum.Adipogenic ... serumand IDM (10 lgặmL)1insulin, 1 lm dexamethasone, and0.5 mm IDM). Cells were then maintained in DMEM con-taining 10% fetal bovine serum and 1 lgặmL)1insulin. Themedium was replaced...
... calcium-independentphospholipase A2participates in ER stress-inducedINS-1 insulinoma cell apoptosis by promoting cera-mide generation via hydrolysis of sphingomyelins byneutral sphingomyelinase. Biochemistry 46, ... leading to the accumulation of sphingomyelin [27]. Because one of the pathwaysfor ceramide recycling is the sphingomyelin pathway, itis conceivable that in addition to the accumulation of Fig. ... should have a key rolein our under-standing of the mechanisms of the disease. We proposethat pathology data will, in most cases, be moreinsightful than clinical data in defining the disease.This...