... of our system. Current state-of-the-art recognizers exhibit word error rates (WER 1) for this corpus of approx- IThe worderrorrate (WEFt in %) is defined as follows: imately 30%-40% (Finke ... Using Chunk Based Partial Parsing of Spontaneous Speech in Unrestricted Domains for Reducing WordErrorRate in Speech Recognition Klaus Zechner and Alex Waibel Language Technologies Institute ... generate scores for an Nbest list reranking component. The results are promising, in that the best perfor- mance on a randomly selected test set is an absolute decrease in worderror rate...
... contains an error, the receiver rejects theZERO BIT ERROR RATE Cabling infrastructure providers are following KRONE’s lead regarding theimportance of having the lowest bit errorrate possible. ... and cause an error. KRONE has selected a level 100 times lower than theworst case in the Standard and has called this BERcondition of 10-12as ZERO BIT ERROR RATE. Zero Bit ErrorRate (ZBER) ... plus others can all cause a bit error (eg. it is thereception of 0 when 1 was transmitted or vice versa).The Bit ErrorRate (BER) is a measure of how oftenthese errors occur.Statistical MethodSome...
... different ef-fects: non-final repeated words and words near frag-ments have higher error rates, while final repetitionsand words following repetitions have lower error rates. After controlling for other ... worderrorrate (IWER).We assume that a substitution or deletion error canbe assigned to its corresponding reference word, butfor insertion errors, there may be two adjacent ref-erence words ... 1: Individual worderror rates for different word types, and the proportion of words belonging to eachtype. Deletions of filled pauses, fragments, and guessesare not counted as errors in the...
... any sentence-level loss function such as BLEU (Papineni et al.,2001), WordError Rate, or Position-independent Error Rate. Recently, Tromble et al. (2008) extendedMBR decoding to translation ... is unrelated to the evaluation met-ric. Two popular techniques that incorporate the error criterion are Minimum ErrorRate Train-ing (MERT) (Och, 2003) and Minimum Bayes-Risk (MBR) decoding ... Boston, MA, USA.W. Macherey, F. Och, I. Thayer, and J. Uszkoreit.2008. Lattice-based Minimum ErrorRate Train-ing for Statistical Machine Translation. In EMNLP,Honolulu, Hawaii, USA.H. Mi,...
... HLT/NAACL.F.J. Och. 2003. Minimum errorrate training in statisticalmachine translation. In ACL.R. E. Schapire and Y. Singer. 1999. Improved boostingalgorithms using confidence-rated predictions. Ma-chine ... 2008.c2008 Association for Computational LinguisticsBeyond Log-Linear Models:Boosted Minimum ErrorRate Training for N-best Re-rankingKevin Duh∗Dept. of Electrical EngineeringUniversity of ... underfitting thetraining data. We present BoostedMERT, anovel boosting algorithm that uses Minimum Error Rate Training (MERT) as a weak learnerand builds a re-ranker far more expressive thanlog-linear...
... such methodsare worderror rate, position-independent word error rate (Tillmann et al., 1997), generation string accu-racy (Bangalore et al., 2000), multi-reference word errorrate (Nießen et ... 1 2 3 4 error count unsmoothed error countsmoothed errorrate (alpha=3) 9405 9410 9415 9420 9425 9430 9435 9440 9445 9450-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 error count unsmoothed error countsmoothed ... seriousoverfitting problems. Is it possible to optimizemore parameters using the smoothed error rate criterion?Which errorrate should be optimized duringtraining? This relates to the important questionof...
... the frequencyoffset and channel estimation errors. For a fixed channelestimation variance error σ2ΔH, a larger variance of frequencyoffset estimation error, that is, σ2res, implies a higher ... pagesdoi:10.1155/2010/176083Research ArticleBit ErrorRate Approximation of MIMO-OFDM Systems withCarrier Frequency Offset and Channel Estimation ErrorsZhongshan Zhang,1Lu Zhang,2Mingli You,2and ... properlycited.The bit errorrate (BER) of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM)systems with carrier frequency offset and channel estimation errors is analyzed...
... will develop our approachto compute the bit errorrate of the chaos-based DS-CDMAsystem.4.1. BER Analysis Approach. Inordertocomputethebit error rate, the moments of first- and second-order ... ProcessingVolume 2009, Article ID 571307, 12 pagesdoi:10.1155/2009/571307Research ArticleAccurate Bit ErrorRate Calculation for AsynchronousChaos-Based DS-CDMA over Multipath ChannelGeorges Kaddoum,1, ... 26 June 2009; Accepted 23 July 2009Recommended by Kutluyil DogancayAn accurate approach to compute the bit errorrate expression for multiuser chaosbased DS-CDMA system is presented in thispaper....
... the results of word spacing error correction only for the test corpus. Table 2: The word spacing error correction results The results of both word spacing error and spell-ing error correction ... previous algorithms have a critical li-mitation: They all corrected word spacing errors and spelling errors separately. Word spacing algo-rithms define the problem as a task for determining ... literary sentences, correcting word spacing error and spelling error is the very essential problem with colloquial style sentences. In order to correct word spacing errors, many algorithms were...
... theartificial unknown words that combine the uniden-tified unknown words in cross validation and in-frequent words for learning unknown words. Werefer to this approach as the error- driven policy.4 ... describes our strategies for deal-ing with this issue.With this search space representation, wecan consistently handle unknown words withcharacter-level nodes. In other words, we use word- level ... need to build a word- character hybrid model that effectively learns thecharacteristics of unknown words (with character-level nodes) as well as those of known words (with word- level nodes).We...
... Orsomando G & Magni G (2007)Initial -rate kinetics of human NMN-adenylyltransferas-es: substrate and metal ion specificity, inhibition byproducts and multisubstrate analogues, and isozymecontributions ... Extranuclear NAD+, such as thatgenerated by Golgi-associated NMNAT2 and by mito-chondrial NMNAT3, is mainly used for energy pro-duction, as a redox cofactor and as substrate ofenzymes like NAD+kinase, ... promotes the transcription ofNAMPT, the rate limiting enzyme in NAD+synthesis,in a feedback loop that has been recently described[35,36]. NAD+is substrate also for nuclear PARP1,whose overactivation...
... Chinese word segmentation. We consider here new word detection as an integral part of segmentation,aiming to improve both segmentation and new word detection: detected new words are added to the word ... then treat those “confident” word segmentsas new words and add them into the existing word list. Based on preliminary experiments, we treata word segment as a new word if its probabilityis larger ... no word list can be complete, new word identification is an important task in Chinese NLP.New words in input text are often incorrectlysegmented into single-character or other very shortwords...
... that can tolerate long delay, channel-codingtechniques, like Forward Error Correction (FEC), pro-vide very significant reductions of transmission errors ata comparably moderate bitrate overhead. ... other error- resilient approaches significantly; for some video sequences, theaverage PSNR can be up to 4 dB higher than that of the Optimal Intra Refreshment approach.Keywords: H.264/AVC, error ... packet loss rate. Tofurther evaluate the performances of the proposedHRMIR approach at the case when the estimated packetloss rate does not match the actual one, we use 10% aspacket loss rate in...