... the brain regions of rats subjected to anoxia. The mechanism of increased activities of these enzymes is not clear. However the possibility of induction cannot be ruled out along with the ... International Publisher. All rights reserved Research Paper NITRIC OXIDE (NO), CITRULLINE – NO CYCLE ENZYMES, GLUTAMINE SYNTHETASE AND OXIDATIVE STRESS IN ANOXIA (HYPOBARIC HYPOXIA) AND REPERFUSION ... cell. The resulting cal-cium overload is particularly neurotoxic, leading to the activation of enzymes that degrade proteins, membranes and nucleic acids (3). Glutamate is re-Int. J. Med. Sci....
... 115.00 ± 7.61 55.71 ± 6.17 ↓51.55 3.5 .Effect of ethyl acetate extract fraction on metabolic enzymes The above results showed that the ethyl acetate fraction possessed the highest hypoglycaemic ... diabetic mice. Following, we continued to assess the effect of this fraction on some metabolic enzymes, such as hexokinase and glucose-6-phosphatase. The obtained results were presented in ... Venkateswaran, L. Pari. Effect of Coccinia indica extract on blood glucose, insulin and key hepatic enzymes in experimental diabetes, Pharmaceutical Biology 40(3), (2002) 165. [8] N. Brandstrup,...
... other radical AdoMet enzymes Primary sequence comparisons with previously studiedradical AdoMet enzymes did not reveal significanthomologies, but several other radical AdoMet enzymes catalyzing ... radical enzymes [11–13].We have recently demonstrated that anSMEs aredual-substrate enzymes with the ability to catalyze theoxidation of cysteinyl or seryl residues, making these enzymes responsible ... radical-activating enzymes [32]. Finally, sequence analysis revealed that these cyste-inyl clusters are also found in other radical AdoMet enzymes involved in protein or peptide modification.These enzymes...
... hydrogen electrode at pH 7),NAD+(E°¢[NADH, H+⁄ NAD+,2H+]=)0.32 V), ubiquinone (E°¢[dihydroquinone ⁄ quinone, 2H+] = +0.10 V) or oxygen (E°¢= +0.29 V forthe O2⁄ H2O2couple). ... the canonical activesite glutamate of thiamine-dependent enzymes. NatChem Biol 4, 113–118.Redox reactions of thiamin diphosphate enzymes K. Tittmann2468 FEBS Journal 276 (2009) 2454–2468 ... oxidation, in addition to individ-ual sections on the different ThDP enzymes that acton pyruvate.Pathways of pyruvate oxidation byThDP enzymes Generally, there are at least four major different path-ways...
... suggesting kinetic charac-teristics of allosteric enzymes, rather than Michaelis–Menten kinetics. Overall, the kinetic parameters of theBH enzymes were similar and exhibited slightlypositive ... have purified and characterizedBHLmL2 and BHAb, two brassinin detoxifying enzymes that exhibit BH activity. BHs are enzymes produced by L. maculans and A. brassicicola, andwhich require induction ... brassicicola Enzymes with BH activity were purified from crude pro-tein extracts of mycelia cultures, using brassinin as thesubstrate, to monitor the enzymatic activity. The puri-fied enzymes were...
... folates because of the lack ofthree enzymes in the middle of the folate pathway, andthey therefore obtain folates from the diet. DHNA isthe first of the three enzymes that are absent in mam-mals ... the enzymes cause adecrease in their fluorescence intensities. The increasingfluorescence intensities in Fig. 5A were obtained bysubtracting the control titration data in the absence ofthe enzymes ... of DHNAs from 11 bacteria. The first five enzymes are from Gram-positive bacteria, and the rest are fromGram-negative bacteria. The identities between enzymes from Gram-positive bacteria range...
... glycerol and NADP. Enzymes cataly-sing this reaction are generally called NADP:glyceroldehydrogenases. NADP:glycerol dehydrogenase activ-ity is common in moulds and filamentous fungi. Enzymes from ... coding for enzymes that are similar to NADP:glycerol dehydro-genases. Accordingly, we cloned these two openreading frames, expressed them in S. cerevisiae andconfirmed that active enzymes were ... reesei). These openreading frames were expressed in the yeast Saccharo-myces cerevisiae, and the enzymes were purified andcharacterized. We show that one enzyme catalyses thereduction of d-glyceraldehyde...
... power of enzymes is well-documen-ted [1,2], but its source remains elusive. Enzymes catalyzea vast array of reactions with high specificity, under mildconditions [3]. These properties make enzymes ... the power of enzymes as catalysts. Acc. Chem. Res. 34,938–945.3. Walsh, C. (2001) Enabling the chemistry of life. Nature 409,226–231.4. Koeller, K.M. & Wong, C H. (2001) Enzymes for chemicalsynthesis. ... MINIREVIEWDeciphering enzymes Genetic selection as a probe of structure and mechanismKenneth J. Woycechowsky and Donald...
... peptidase of these four POP family enzymes, withthe highest similarities found between each pair of sequencesstudied. The differences in conservation degrees between the enzymes are similar when the ... FEBS 2004 Evolutionary relationships of the POP family enzymes (Eur. J. Biochem. 271) 2709Fig. 3. The neighbor-joining tree of POP family enzymes. Protein sequences were aligned withT-COFFEEandCLUSTALXprograms ... FEBS 2004 Evolutionary relationships of the POP family enzymes (Eur. J. Biochem. 271) 2711Table 1. Prolyl oligopeptidase family and DPP II enzymes from different species used in this analysis.Enzyme...
... mass, lipolytic enzymes with a His-Asp catalytic dyad [1,2]. To date, 10 sPLA2 enzymes (IB, IIA, IIC, IID, IIE, IIF, III, V, X andXIIA) have been identified in mammals. Of these enzymes, sPLA2s ... (Fig. 5A) or very weak (Fig. 5B).ABCFig. 1. Expression of sPLA2s and other PGE2-biosynthetic enzymes in human joints affected by RA. Expression of sPLA2s in mild (a) andsevere (b) RA joint ... followed by Southern blotting (right). PCR cycle numbers are indicated. (C) Expression of other enzymes involvedin PGE2synthesis in the two RA samples was assessed by immunoblotting.S. Masuda...
... many enzymes exhibit cooperativity. Typically,such enzymes are allosteric, containing two or moreactive sites that interact with each other and that may belocated on different subunits. Enzymes ... switch.Cooperativity is typically observed in allosteric enzymes that contain multiple active sites located onmultiple subunits. Such oligomeric enzymes usuallyexist in two major conformational states, ... temperature. However,because the enzymes are proteins, another major factorcomes in to play—namely, denaturation. After a certaintemperature is reached, enzymes show a very rapiddecrease...
... biosynthesisFEBS Journal 272 (2005) 4532–4539 ª 2005 FEBS 4537Kinetic basis for linking the first two enzymes ofchlorophyll biosynthesisMark Shepherd, Samantha McLean and C. Neil HunterRobert Hill ... studies not only of the methyltransferase andchelatase, but also of the interaction between these enzymes. The coupling of the magnesium chelataseand MgP methyltransferase steps is not a new idea; ... data is addressed in the Discussion.In this paper we have used purified recombinantSynechocystis enzymes to demonstrate that ChlH hasa dramatic stimulatory effect on ChlM catalysis.Quenched-flow...
... fumaraterespiration be restored by incorporating the isolated enzymes into liposomes containing menaquinone; (b) isthe Dp generated by menaquinone reduction with H2orformate, by menaquinol oxidation ... al. (Eur. J. Biochem. 269) Ó FEBS 200221. Unden, G. (1988) Differential roles for menaquinone anddemethylmenaquinone in anaerobic electron transport of E. coli andtheir fnr-independent expression. ... thecatalytic sites of the enzymes on HydB or FdhA areprobably released on the periplasmic s ide of t he membrane.This is suggested by the crystal structures of related enzymes. The periplasmic...
... mutant enzymes usingthe same method, but Q18R-, I108L-, D137N-, A150T- andS170N-ALP I were not expressed. The other mutant enzymes were expressed in almost same quantities as thewild-type enzymes. ... mutant enzymes werepurified, and all of the enzymes were confirmed by SDS/PAGE, immunoblot analysis and N-terminal sequencing tobe derivatives of ALP I (data not shown).Activities of the enzymes The ... Sendai and the mutant enzymes were measured with casein and Suc-Ala-Ala-Pro-Phe-MCA as substrates. The values of the mutant enzymes were consistent with those of the wild-type enzymes (Table 2).Stability...