prime minister and i episode 1 english subtitles

Metal Machining - Theory and Applications Episode 1 Part 10 ppt

... 1 192 Advances in mechanicsTable 6 .1 Particular values of coefficients and variables in equation (6. 41) Case i dS/ i lim 1 ,i lim2 ,i Aθ ,i t1e ,i f cos ψ 11 dx′ x′ 1 x′2Amajor———cos η′cf ... chip formation. Z′is parallel to z and z′, still in the cutting direction, but X′ is normal to, and Y′ is in, the planecontaining the cutting and chip velocities. In terms of the chip flow direction ... lim2 ,i t1e ,i Ash= S ∫Aq ,i ——— dS′ i (6. 41) i= l lim 1 ,i sin feA number of special cases have been introduced in Figure 6 .15 . In Figure 6 .15 (a), forexample, there are four intervals indicated...

Metal Machining - Theory and Applications Episode 1 Part 9 pptx

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... acoustic emission. J.Acoustic Emission 3, 10 8 11 6.Miwa, Y., Inasaki, I. and Yonetsu, S. (19 81) In-process detection of tool failure by acoustic emissionsignal. Trans JSME 47, 16 80 16 89.Reichenbach, ... 30–35.Iwata, I. and Moriwaki, T. (19 77) An application of acoustic emission to in-process sensing of toolwear. Annals CIRP 26 (1) , 21 26.Kakino, K. (19 84) Monitoring of metal cutting and grinding ... gives the force acting across it. Inclusion ofwork hardening gives a value of 1. 77 kN (in line with experiment), while omitting it gives3 .19 kN, in a grossly different direction.Introducing...

Metal Machining - Theory and Applications Episode 1 Part 8 ppsx

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... specified point can be measured,Temperatures in machining 15 1Fig. 5 .17 A detail of the hot junction and the associated measurement circuitFig. 5 .18 Calibration test results for P10 carbide and ... mechanism.Figure 4 .15 shows the cumulative probability of flank wear development after 1 min ofTool life 13 3Fig. 4 .15 Distributions of flank wear after turning free-cutting steel B 111 2 and difficult-to-cut ... Eng. 10 (3), 95 10 0.Narutaki, N. and Yamane, Y. (19 93) High-speed machining of Inconel 718 with ceramic tools.Annals CIRP 42 (1) , 10 3 10 6.Takeyama, H. and Murata, R. (19 63) Basic investigation...

Metal Machining - Theory and Applications Episode 1 Part 7 ppt

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... tools and SiC whisker reinforced alumina ceramic tools when machiningsteel. Carbon, silicon and nitrogen all diffuse easily in iron at elevated temperatures; and silicon nitride and silicon carbide ... many instances in which high speed steel tools are coated with PVD TiN, TiCNor TiAlN. Chromium nitride, boron nitride and boron carbide coatings are also underinvestigation. TiN and TiC coatings ... FatigueRemoval rateFig. 4.3 Tool damage mechanisms and cutting temperature0 .1 1 10 10 0ChippingMicro chippingAbrasionFractureAttritionDamage size (àm)Fig. 4.4 Classification of mechanical...

Metal Machining - Theory and Applications Episode 1 Part 6 pdf

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... ceramics based on alumina and silicon nitride, and the super-hard materials polycrystalline diamond and cubic boron nitride (single crystal diamondsare also used for the finishing of IT mirror and ... hard and abrasive and is certainly detrimental to tool life in machining. The addition of silicon and calcium can result in softer inclusions. It has been found that if, in addition, smallamounts ... statetemperature rise in machining. In transient conditions, heat capacity is also importantbecause, with conductivity, it determines thermal diffusivity k and the rate of penetrationof heat into the...

Metal Machining - Theory and Applications Episode 1 Part 5 potx

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... characteristics in machining 83Fig. 3 .1 Shear stress levels and work hardening severities of initially unstrained, commonly machined, aluminium,copper, iron (b.c.c. and f.c.c.), nickel and titanium ... despite having a similar strain-hardening characteris-tic (Appendix 4 .1 again) and an apparently higher friction interaction with the tool (asjudged by the relative sizes of its specific thrust ... thermalconductivities and diffusivities result in their spanning the range with respect to tempera-ture rise per unit feed and also cutting speed.Work material characteristics in machining 91 Fig. 3 .11 Process...

Metal Machining - Theory and Applications Episode 1 Part 4 pot

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... turning and milling for economic production (Chapter 1) . In turn-ing and milling practice, b ≈ 0 .15 is a reasonable approximation (actual variations withcutting conditions are considered in more ... occur in machining(Section 2.2), it is clear that significant temperature rises may occur in the chip. This iswithout considering the additional heating due to friction between the chip and tool. ... qf=tUchip. Of this, some fraction a* will flow into the chip and the remaining fraction (1 – a*)will flow into the tool. The first question in considering the heating of the chip is what isthe value...

Metal Machining - Theory and Applications Episode 1 Part 3 pot

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... realized. Instead, it is a growth in ceramic(titanium nitride, titanium carbide and alumina) coated cutting tools that has occurred.Figure 1. 29 shows this. It is always risky being too specific about ... hardening, despite a constant friction coefficient. Material A shows athicker chip still, but its friction coefficient is marginally increased too. Comparing Figures2.8(b) and 2.7(b), changes in ... low friction coefficients and chip equivalent strains (from equation 2.4(b)) are 0.25 to 0.5 and 1 to 3 respectively;whereas high friction coefficients and strains are from 0.5 to 1 (and in a...

Metal Machining - Theory and Applications Episode 1 Part 2 pps

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... evolved hand in hand with manufacturing system organization, some-times one pushing and the other pulling, sometimes vice versa.Manufacturing systems 15 Fig. 1. 15 A milling machine tooling magazineChilds ... is only then, as will now be considered, that the orga-nizational gains of cell-oriented and FMS organization bring real benefit. 1. 4.3 Milling and drilling times and costsEquations (1. 7) and ... IntroductionFig. 1. 14 A 5-axis milling machine with interchangeable work tablesChilds Part 1 28:3:2000 2:34 pm Page 14 In Figures 1. 16(a) and (b) the capacity of a milling machine is measured by its cross-traverse...

Metal Machining - Theory and Applications Episode 1 Part 1 potx

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... price of millingmachines per unit mass is similar to turning machines. All this is developed in Figure 1. 16. 12 IntroductionFig. 1. 12 Examples of turning and milling solid, brazed and insert toolsChilds ... simulation and control of machiningprocesses 317 References 324Appendices 1 Metals’ plasticity, and its finite element formulation 328A1 .1 Yielding and flow under triaxial stresses: initial ... Page vii 1 IntroductionMachining (turning, milling, drilling) is the most widespread metal shaping process inmechanical manufacturing industry. Worldwide investment in metal-machining machinetools...

Gear Noise and Vibration Episode 1 Part 1 potx

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... 18 5 11 .1 Measurement problems 18 5 11 .2 Effects and identification 18 7 11 .3 Simple predictions 18 9 11 .4 Possible changes 19 2 11 .5 Anti-backlash gears 19 3 11 .6 Modelling rattle 19 4Reference ... 11 27 .10 Practical problems 11 37 .11 Comparisons 11 7References 11 98. Recording and Storage 12 18 .1 Is recording required? 12 18.2 Digital v. analog 12 28.3 Current PC limits ... Modulation 16 19.9 Pitch effects 16 39 .10 Phantoms 16 5References 16 6 10 . Improvements 16 7 10 .1 Economics 16 7 10 .2 Improving the structure 16 9 10 .3 Improving the isolation 17 1 10 .4...

Gear Noise and Vibration Episode 1 Part 1 ppt

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... changing 17 8 10 .7 Damping 17 9 10 .8 Production control options 18 1References 18 3 11 . Lightly Loaded Gears 18 5 11 .1 Measurement problems 18 5 11 .2 Effects and identification 18 7 11 .3 ... 16 5References 16 6 10 . Improvements 16 7 10 .1 Economics 16 7 10 .2 Improving the structure 16 9 10 .3 Improving the isolation 17 1 10 .4 Reducing the T.E. 17 4 10 .5 Permissible T.E. levels 17 5 10 .6 ... 18 7 11 .3 Simple predictions 18 9 11 .4 Possible changes 19 2 11 .5 Anti-backlash gears 19 3 11 .6 Modelling rattle 19 4Reference 200 12 . Planetary and Split Drives 2 01 12 .1 Design philosophies...

Gear Noise and Vibration Episode 1 Part 2 ppt

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... VIBRATION4Sound Radiating Panel4AIRBORNE NOISEFig 1. 4 Vibration excitation and transmission path. 1. 6 T.E. - noise relationshipIt is very difficult for a traditional gear engineer trained ... occur with helical teeth or with mist lubrication.The excitation is generally due to a force varying either inamplitude, direction or position as indicated in Fig. 1. 1. Wildhaber-Novikovor ... Damping4Internal Dynamic Response i BEARING FORCES I Casing Casing CasingMasses Stiffnesses Damping I GEARCASE FOOT VIBRATIONS^Antivibration Mounts I TRANSMITTED STRUCTURE VIBRATION4Sound...

Gear Noise and Vibration Episode 1 Part 2 pptx

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... VIBRATIONS^Antivibration Mounts I TRANSMITTED STRUCTURE VIBRATION4Sound Radiating Panel4AIRBORNE NOISEFig 1. 4 Vibration excitation and transmission path. 1. 6 T.E. - noise relationshipIt is ... action) and it is the movement or error inthis direction that gives the vibration excitation so we usually specify this.When using a 3-D coordinate measuring machine it is again ... accuracyTRANSMISSIONERROR i Support CombinedStiffnesses Damping4Internal Dynamic Response i BEARING FORCES I Casing Casing CasingMasses Stiffnesses Damping I GEARCASE FOOT VIBRATIONS^Antivibration...

Gear Noise and Vibration Episode 1 Part 3 pptx

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... 3tribological conditions which are most likely to give either very thin oil filmsor limited metal to metal contact are the conditions which give high friction and associated vibration. ... torquesthan their maximum load especially in automotive drives and in industrialmachinery may spend much of their working day idling. Design loading istypically 10 0 N / mm / mm facewidth ... relatively flexible in the axial directionat the bearings. This means that small forces may give disproportionatevibration. This problem is relatively easily identified when the drive...