... stream, and conversion specifications, each of which causes conversion and printing ofthe next successive argument to printf. Each conversion specification begins with a % and ends with a conversion ... Many programs read only one input stream and write only one output stream; for suchprograms, inputandoutput with getchar, putchar, and printf may be entirely adequate, and is certainly enough ... library might convert carriage return and linefeed to newline oninput and back again on output. The simplest input mechanism is to read one character at a time from the standard input, normally...
... functionHomeemê Del InsPgdnnncaplocksptsrnDơnF2DơnUnit 7 inputdevicesandoutput devices. I - input devices. A hardware device that sends information into the CPU. Without any input devices ... peripheral input device that lookssimilar to a control device connected to acomputer that the user holds and moves tocontrol actions on the screen especially invideo gams. MicrophoneA microphone ... is used to move thecursor around on the monitor and for many otherfunctions. This mouse has three buttons and a wheel tomake actions fasterScannerdisplay and adjust the characteristics of...
... people taking part in the conversation and this textincluding two different parallel conversations: the conversation of Ben on the phone and theother among Amy, Holly, Ben and Lance, the barman. ... cohesive relations, form both reference, on the onehand, and substitution and ellipsis, on the other. It does not function to remind the reader ofpreviously mentioned entities, actions and state ... functions of toneTraditionally, the description on the intonation of communicative functions isassociated with the glide down, glide up, take off and dive.A falling tone is by far the most common...
... DOES THE WEB APPLICATION REQUIRE AUTHENTICATION OF THE USER?Many Web applications require another server authenticate usersExamine how information is passed between the two serversEncrypted channelsVerify that logon and password information is stored on secure placesAuthentication servers introduce a second target443734APPLICATION VULNERABILITIES COUNTERMEASURES (CONTINUED)Top10 Web application vulnerabilities (continued)Remote administration flawsAttacker can gain access to the Web server through the remote administration interfaceWeb and application server misconfigurationAny Web server software out of the box is usually vulnerable to attackDefault accounts and passwordsOverly informative error messages3216WEB FORMSUse the <form> element or tag in an HTML documentAllows customer to submit information to the Web serverWeb servers process information from a Web form by using a Web applicationEasy way for attackers to intercept data that users submit to a Web server7APPLICATION VULNERABILITIES COUNTERMEASURESOpen Web Application Security Project (OWASP)Open, notforprofit organization dedicated to finding and fighting vulnerabilities in Web applicationsPublishes the Ten Most Critical Web Application Security VulnerabilitiesTop10 Web application vulnerabilitiesUnvalidated parametersHTTP requests are not validated by the Web serverBroken access controlDevelopers implement access controls but fail to test them properly29USING SCRIPTING LANGUAGESDynamic Web pages can be developed using scripting languagesVBScriptJavaScriptPHP18OPEN DATABASE CONNECTIVITY (ODBC) (CONTINUED)ODBC definesStandardized representation of data typesA library of ODBC functionsStandard methods of connecting to and logging on to a DBMS24WEB APPLICATION COMPONENTSStatic Web pagesCreated using HTMLDynamic Web pagesNeed special components<form> tagsCommon Gateway Interface (CGI)Active Server Pages (ASP)PHPColdFusionScripting languagesDatabase connectors6APACHE WEB SERVERTomcat Apache is another Web Server programTomcat Apache hosts anywhere from 50% to 60% of all Web sitesAdvantagesWorks on just about any *NIX and Windows platformIt is freeRequires Java 2 Standard Runtime Environment (J2SE, version 5.0)15 ON WHAT PLATFORM WAS THE WEB APPLICATION DEVELOPED?Several different platforms and technologies can be used to develop Web applicationsAttacks differ depending on the platform and technology used to develop the applicationFootprinting is used to find out as much information as possible about a target systemThe more you know about a system the easier it is to gather information about its vulnerabilities45OPEN DATABASE CONNECTIVITY (ODBC)Standard database access method developed by the SQL Access GroupODBC interface allows an application to accessData stored in a database management systemAny system that understands and can issue ODBC commandsInteroperability among backend DBMS is a key feature of the ODBC interface2348UNDERSTANDING WEB APPLICATIONSIt is nearly impossible to write a program without bugsSome bugs create security vulnerabilitiesWeb applications also have bugsWeb applications have a larger user base than standalone applicationsBugs are a bigger problem for Web applications5DOES THE WEB APPLICATION CONNECT TO A BACKEND DATABASE SERVER? (CONTINUED)Basic testing should look forWhether you can enter text with punctuation marksWhether you can enter a single quotation mark followed by any SQL keywordsWhether you can get any sort of database error when attempting to inject SQL43DOES THE WEB APPLICATION USE DYNAMIC WEB PAGES?Static Web pages do not create a security environmentIIS attack exampleSubmitting a specially formatted URL to the attacked Web serverIIS does not correctly parse the URL informationAttackers could launch a Unicode exploithttp://www.nopatchiss.com/scripts/ ... DOES THE WEB APPLICATION REQUIRE AUTHENTICATION OF THE USER?Many Web applications require another server authenticate usersExamine how information is passed between the two serversEncrypted channelsVerify that logon and password information is stored on secure placesAuthentication servers introduce a second target443734APPLICATION VULNERABILITIES COUNTERMEASURES (CONTINUED)Top10 Web application vulnerabilities (continued)Remote administration flawsAttacker can gain access to the Web server through the remote administration interfaceWeb and application server misconfigurationAny Web server software out of the box is usually vulnerable to attackDefault accounts and passwordsOverly informative error messages3216WEB FORMSUse the <form> element or tag in an HTML documentAllows customer to submit information to the Web serverWeb servers process information from a Web form by using a Web applicationEasy way for attackers to intercept data that users submit to a Web server7APPLICATION VULNERABILITIES COUNTERMEASURESOpen Web Application Security Project (OWASP)Open, notforprofit organization dedicated to finding and fighting vulnerabilities in Web applicationsPublishes the Ten Most Critical Web Application Security VulnerabilitiesTop10 Web application vulnerabilitiesUnvalidated parametersHTTP requests are not validated by the Web serverBroken access controlDevelopers implement access controls but fail to test them properly29USING SCRIPTING LANGUAGESDynamic Web pages can be developed using scripting languagesVBScriptJavaScriptPHP18OPEN DATABASE CONNECTIVITY (ODBC) (CONTINUED)ODBC definesStandardized representation of data typesA library of ODBC functionsStandard methods of connecting to and logging on to a DBMS24WEB APPLICATION COMPONENTSStatic Web pagesCreated using HTMLDynamic Web pagesNeed special components<form> tagsCommon Gateway Interface (CGI)Active Server Pages (ASP)PHPColdFusionScripting languagesDatabase connectors6APACHE WEB SERVERTomcat Apache is another Web Server programTomcat Apache hosts anywhere from 50% to 60% of all Web sitesAdvantagesWorks on just about any *NIX and Windows platformIt is freeRequires Java 2 Standard Runtime Environment (J2SE, version 5.0)15 ON WHAT PLATFORM WAS THE WEB APPLICATION DEVELOPED?Several different platforms and technologies can be used to develop Web applicationsAttacks differ depending on the platform and technology used to develop the applicationFootprinting is used to find out as much information as possible about a target systemThe more you know about a system the easier it is to gather information about its vulnerabilities45OPEN DATABASE CONNECTIVITY (ODBC)Standard database access method developed by the SQL Access GroupODBC interface allows an application to accessData stored in a database management systemAny system that understands and can issue ODBC commandsInteroperability among backend DBMS is a key feature of the ODBC interface2348UNDERSTANDING WEB APPLICATIONSIt is nearly impossible to write a program without bugsSome bugs create security vulnerabilitiesWeb applications also have bugsWeb applications have a larger user base than standalone applicationsBugs are a bigger problem for Web applications5DOES THE WEB APPLICATION CONNECT TO A BACKEND DATABASE SERVER? (CONTINUED)Basic testing should look forWhether you can enter text with punctuation marksWhether you can enter a single quotation mark followed by any SQL keywordsWhether you can get any sort of database error when attempting to inject SQL43DOES THE WEB APPLICATION USE DYNAMIC WEB PAGES?Static Web pages do not create a security environmentIIS attack exampleSubmitting a specially formatted URL to the attacked Web serverIIS does not correctly parse the URL informationAttackers could launch a Unicode exploithttp://www.nopatchiss.com/scripts/ ... DOES THE WEB APPLICATION REQUIRE AUTHENTICATION OF THE USER?Many Web applications require another server authenticate usersExamine how information is passed between the two serversEncrypted channelsVerify that logon and password information is stored on secure placesAuthentication servers introduce a second target443734APPLICATION VULNERABILITIES COUNTERMEASURES (CONTINUED)Top10 Web application vulnerabilities (continued)Remote administration flawsAttacker can gain access to the Web server through the remote administration interfaceWeb and application server misconfigurationAny Web server software out of the box is usually vulnerable to attackDefault accounts and passwordsOverly informative error messages3216WEB FORMSUse the <form> element or tag in an HTML documentAllows customer to submit information to the Web serverWeb servers process information from a Web form by using a Web applicationEasy way for attackers to intercept data that users submit to a Web server7APPLICATION VULNERABILITIES COUNTERMEASURESOpen Web Application Security Project (OWASP)Open, notforprofit organization dedicated to finding and fighting vulnerabilities in Web applicationsPublishes the Ten Most Critical Web Application Security VulnerabilitiesTop10 Web application vulnerabilitiesUnvalidated parametersHTTP requests are not validated by the Web serverBroken access controlDevelopers implement access controls but fail to test them properly29USING SCRIPTING LANGUAGESDynamic Web pages can be developed using scripting languagesVBScriptJavaScriptPHP18OPEN DATABASE CONNECTIVITY (ODBC) (CONTINUED)ODBC definesStandardized representation of data typesA library of ODBC functionsStandard methods of connecting to and logging on to a DBMS24WEB APPLICATION COMPONENTSStatic Web pagesCreated using HTMLDynamic Web pagesNeed special components<form> tagsCommon Gateway Interface (CGI)Active Server Pages (ASP)PHPColdFusionScripting languagesDatabase connectors6APACHE WEB SERVERTomcat Apache is another Web Server programTomcat Apache hosts anywhere from 50% to 60% of all Web sitesAdvantagesWorks on just about any *NIX and Windows platformIt is freeRequires Java 2 Standard Runtime Environment (J2SE, version 5.0)15 ON WHAT PLATFORM WAS THE WEB APPLICATION DEVELOPED?Several different platforms and technologies can be used to develop Web applicationsAttacks differ depending on the platform and technology used to develop the applicationFootprinting is used to find out as much information as possible about a target systemThe more you know about a system the easier it is to gather information about its vulnerabilities45OPEN DATABASE CONNECTIVITY (ODBC)Standard database access method developed by the SQL Access GroupODBC interface allows an application to accessData stored in a database management systemAny system that understands and can issue ODBC commandsInteroperability among backend DBMS is a key feature of the ODBC interface2348UNDERSTANDING WEB APPLICATIONSIt is nearly impossible to write a program without bugsSome bugs create security vulnerabilitiesWeb applications also have bugsWeb applications have a larger user base than standalone applicationsBugs are a bigger problem for Web applications5DOES THE WEB APPLICATION CONNECT TO A BACKEND DATABASE SERVER? (CONTINUED)Basic testing should look forWhether you can enter text with punctuation marksWhether you can enter a single quotation mark followed by any SQL keywordsWhether you can get any sort of database error when attempting to inject SQL43DOES THE WEB APPLICATION USE DYNAMIC WEB PAGES?Static Web pages do not create a security environmentIIS attack exampleSubmitting a specially formatted URL to the attacked Web serverIIS does not correctly parse the URL informationAttackers could launch a Unicode exploithttp://www.nopatchiss.com/scripts/...
... Propositions 17–20, measuring conical volumes.Interlude Propositions 21–2, finding proportions holding with acircle and an inscribed polygon.Section 2: Main treatiseChapter 5 Propositions 23–34, ... stretched to the limits and beyond: the mini-treatise at the end of thework relies essentially upon conic sections; the notion of the exponent is ad-umbrated in Proposition 8. Both treat geometrical ... areboth concave in the same direction and either one of them is whollycontained by the other and by the straight <line> having the samelimits as itself, or some is contained, and some...
... either conventional glue-label application or it can heat-seal labels in cut or roll form. Themachine labels the front and back of round or odd-shaped con-tainers at speeds of 60 to 160 containers ... fabrication. Themovement might be from one worker to another or from one part of a plant to another. Most ofthe conveyors shown here are components in processing machines. Both continuous and intermittently ... Bottle spac-ers ensure that containers remain 71⁄2in. apart on the conveyor. Dual label-transfer turrets allow for the simulta-neous application of front and backlabels.Sclater Chapter...
... index it, first in one direction and thenanother. Additional variation in output motion can be obtainedby adjusting the angular positions of the output cranks.The key concept in this indexer ... of lobes L3 and L4 on the gears 3 and 4. In the drawings, L3= 2 and L4= 3. Any two lobes on the twogears (i.e., any two lobes of which one is on one gear and the other on the othergear) ... add a varying velocity component to conventional geneva motion.Fig. 1 With a conventional external geneva drive, a constant-velocity input produces an output consisting of a varying velocityperiod...
... radial positionof the inputandoutput shafts. Theyintroduce a torque into the system whilerunning, synchronizing the inputand out-put shafts, or changing the timing of acam on the output shaft.Rotation ... or similarconstructions have possible applications wherever it is required to obtain greatly multiplied motions. These transmissions depend on cams, sector gears and pinions, levers and cranks, ... addition, it can transmituniform motion around two bends.170Three-Dimensional Drives (continued )Steel balls riding within spherical grooves convert a continuousrotary input motion into an output...
... radiation-resistant and can beused in high vacuum conditions or inenvironments where there is dirt and contamination.185TAUT BANDS AND LEADSCREW PROVIDE ACCURATE ROTARY MOTIONFlexible bands ... position and, if desired, on to theflipped side to a deflection of about140%. In most applications, the flat posi-tion is the limit of travel, and for deflec-tions beyond the flat, the contact ... anti-vibration suspension is required.With a tapered mandrel and torsionspring the effective number or coilsdecreases with torsional deflection.A four-bar mechanism in con-junction with a...
... ROLLER CHAINS AND THEIR ADAPTATIONSVarious roller, side-plate and pin configurations for power transmissions, conveying, and elevating.STANDARD ROLLER CHAIN—FOR POWER TRANSMISSION AND CONVEYINGSINGLE ... induction servomotorpermits electronic or magnetic signal amplification. A rotating input avoids a lin-ear inputandoutput of the simple windlass. Control andoutput ends of the mul-titurn bands ... (constant-velocity)line.The cycloidal is considered to be thebest standard cam contour because of itslow dynamic loads and low shock and vibration characteristics. One reason forthese outstanding attributes is...