... 36 definitions of e -health before refining Eysenbach’s to read: ‘e -health is an emerging field ofhealth informatics, referring to the organisation and delivery ofhealth services and information ... pillars: improving the functioning ofhealth care systems by improving the management of information and access to that information, including: • management of logistics of patient care • administrative ... among health workers, including sharing of learning and training approaches • Supported more effective health research and the dissemination and access to research findings This paper is part of...
... president of the National Academy of Engineering The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions ... based on a relief carving from ancient Greece, now held by the Staatliche Museen in Berlin National Academy of Sciences National Academy of Engineering Institute of Medicine National Research ... Department ofHealth and Human Services, Health Care Financing Administration Contract No 500-98-0275 Any opinion, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of...
... at all literacy levels have problems understanding and using health information, people with limited literacy skills are especially in need of help They need help in understanding written information ... describe what is happening in a picture can often be written at a low literacylevel thereby helping people with limited reading skills understand the intended meaning of the pictures 8.5 Be ... research indicating that pictures aid comprehension by providing a context for organizing information in the text—which is consistent with Morrow et al.’s [23] study of comprehension of medication instructions...
... understandings of the prevention of mental illnesses remain in a relatively nascent state, especially in terms of how prevention can be incorporated into routine clinical practice Yet, this book, Clinical ... other mental healthcare providers with a useful guide on becoming prevention-minded in routine clinical settings Although much of the work of prevention is accomplished in nonclinical settings (e.g., ... prevention of influenza and other acute infections using vaccination In mental health, examples of primary prevention are less numerous, partly because of the lack of understanding of discrete...
... specialists in the area of public healthIn 1982, the two courses were combined into a single Course of Specialization in Public Health During the 1980s, a number of key events, including the promulgation ... School of Public Healthof a group of professors from the university of Campinas, lead by Sergio Arouca, who became one of the leaders of the health reform movement in Brazil and a leading architect ... of regional nuclei for the formation of human resources in health, some of which have in turn become independent schools of public healthIn the mid 1970s, two courses in public health were offered:...
... obtained ratings of mental health from parents and used a 1-SD cut point on the measure, thereby applying quite a strict definition of change on mental health, but one which ensures a high level ... trends, as many intervening events may not be captured Nevertheless, this is one of few studies to attempt to determine the impact of changes in mental health on HRQOL in a longitudinal design and ... the decline in HRQOL was relatively slight Regression modelling showed that current HRQOL was more influenced by worsening mental health and undesirable life events in the past years than by the...
... 100, the lower scores indicating better health status [19-21] The SGRQ has been translated into different languages and used in several studies of COPD patients, including in Norway [22,23] The ... distress [18], was used in this study The symptom component consists of items including frequencies and distress of breathlessness in term of phlegm/sputum, shortness of breath, wheezing and chest trouble ... healthrelated quality of life independent of the influence of comorbidity J Clin Epidemiol 2003, 56:1177-1184 Haave E, Hyland ME, Engvik H: Improvements in exercise capacity during a 4-weeks pulmonary...
... appetite, vomiting, and fever are followed by abdominal pain, vomiting of blood, and severe diarrhea Intestinal anthrax results in death in 25% to 60% of cases While most human cases of anthrax result ... breathing problems and shock Inhalation anthrax is often fatal Eleven of the mail-related cases were inhalation; (45%) of the 11 patients died Intestinal: Initial signs of nausea, loss of appetite, ... studies are used routinely to document the prevalence in a community ofhealth behaviors (prevalence of smoking), health states (prevalence of vaccination against measles), and health outcomes, particularly...
... generally directed at which of the following? A Eliminating the reservoir B Eliminating the vector C Eliminating the host D Interrupting mode of transmission E Reducing host susceptibility 24 ... — is described in this section Mode Definition of mode The mode is the value that occurs most often in a set of data It can be determined simply by tallying the number of times each value occurs ... Summarizing Data Page 2-37 EXAMPLE: Finding the Interquartile Range Find the interquartile range for the length of stay data in Table 2.8 on page 2-17 Step Arrange the observations in increasing...
... carcinoma of the skin in a populationbased, case-control study of 450 older adultsin Arizona After administering a detailed tea intake questionnaire and adjusting for brewing time, drinking ... of concluding too quickly that in vitro effects translate into in vivo actions For example, the potent in vitro inhibition by catechins of the oxidative modification of LDL is not reflected in ... were two orders of magnitude higher than plasma levels within minutes of consuming two to three cups of green tea However, the half-life of catechins in saliva was much shorter than in plasma, and...
... matrix/adhesion protein, possibly necessary for development of a normal fetus and in regulating immune responses within the intestine Induction of fgl2 in macrophages in response to viruses results in the ... virus strain (MHV-3) induced fulminant hepatic failure [21,22] Administration of neutralizing antibodies against fgl2 conferred protection against MHV-3 induced fulminant hepatic failure in susceptible ... (Amersham) using T4 polynucleotide kinase For each EMSA reaction 2–5 lg of nuclear extracts were incubated for 15 on ice in 20 lL of binding buffer · 104 d.p.m of probe was added to each reaction...
... subintervals The method of obtaining the standard deviation of the intervals is documented in NBSIR 75-750, “The Calibration of Indexing Tables by Subdivision,” by Charles Reeve [24] Since each ... approximate the uncertainty by taking the two end points on the calculated uncertainty curve and use the straight line containing those points as the uncertainty In this example, the uncertainty for the ... static fringe fractions in an interferometer (e.g., gage blocks) Displacement is measured by analyzing the change in the fringes (fringe counting displacement interferometer) The major sources of uncertainty—those...
... concentration in joint fluid was measured by a sandwich binding protein assay using a Hyaluronate-Chugai test kit [33] The molecular weight of hyaluronan was calculated from the intrinsic viscosity of hyaluronan ... as follows: the ∆CT ofeach target message was obtained by subtracting the CT of β-actin message from the CT ofeach target message in the same RNA sample The ∆CT values of the same target message ... is defined by the presence of grade joint space narrowing combined with osteophytes, or of grade or joint space narrowing Control synovial samples were obtained from donors who had no intra-articular...
... tyrosine kinase; Flt-1) and VEGFR-2 (kinase insert domain-containing receptor; KDR) Neuropilin-1, an isoform-specific co-receptor of VEGFR-2, enhances the bioactivity of VEGF165 by increasing ... is expressed in synovial lining cells and endothelial cells of blood vessels in the sublining layer Immunostained sections were counterstained with hematoxylin Arrows, synovial lining cells; arrowheads, ... with periodate-lysine-paraformaldehyde, and paraffin sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin were analyzed by light microscopy according to our grading system of synovial lining cell hyperplasia,...
... den: Role of interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and interleukin-6 in cartilage proteoglycan metabolism and destruction Effect ofin situ blocking in murine antigen- and zymosan-induced ... [29] TNFα induced a dose-dependent increase in GAG release supporting data from other investigations on pro-inflammatory cytokines in which IL-1 promoted GAG release in lapine and porcine meniscal ... McNulty AL: Inhibition of integrative repair of the meniscus following acute exposure to interleukin-1 in vitro J Orthop Res 2008, 26:504-512 McNulty AL, Weinberg JB, Guilak F: Inhibition of matrix...
... without a corresponding alteration in the expression of cyclin A (data not shown) http://www.jhoonline.org/content/1/1/4 LA induces apoptosis by increasing bax/bcl2 ratio and by causing poly(ADP-ribose) ... processing of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, accompanied by activation of caspase-3 and elevation/reduction of ceramide/hydrogen peroxide levels, during induction of apoptosis in host HL-60 cells infected ... C) expression in 48 h LA treated cells (D) The actin-adjusted levelof bax and bcl-2 and changes in the ratio of bax to bcl-2 in HL-60 cells treated for 48 h with increasing dose of LA (E) Subcellular...
... quercetin may attenuate lung inflammation by inhibition of protein and lipid kinases involved in inflammatory cytokine and chemokine production Quercetin has inhibitory effects on phosphatidylinositol ... lipid, protein tyrosine and serine/ threonine kinases by its capacity to compete with the binding of ATP at the nucleotide binding site [18] Previously, we demonstrated that quercetin inhibits TNF-a ... IB kinase [52] Indeed, the design of the synthetic PI 3-kinase inhibitor LY294002 was based on the structure of quercetin [53] Another important finding of this study was that quercetin inhibited...
... amplitudes in two different experiments In Table they are trying to explain differences between different experiments in terms of variation in the phase angles of peaking of gene expression in different ... Figure by Liu, Gaido and Wolfinger the Replotting of the K values of [1] two experiments analyzed Replotting of the K values of the two experiments analyzed by Liu, Gaido and Wolfinger [1] was a sinusoidal ... should be of equal length and equal to the doubling time of cells in exponential growth 6) Data points should show synchrony without any need to connect points or draw a suggestive line indicating...
... beginning of individual education The decrease in our SBP levels is found to be relevant, as highlighted in the meta-analysis of 61 prospective and observational studies involving a million adults, ... Researchers in the experimental group received training in the PRECEDE model before patients were included in the study This specific training involved two steps: first they were instructed about ... subsequently trained in the procedure to be used in the study in three sessions These covered the criteria for including/excluding patients, collecting variables, collecting biochemical/ Salinero-Fort...
... found in these adults with persisting symptoms of childhood constipation may be explained by the high frequency of pain complaints, i.e painful defecation and abdominal pain This finding seems in ... young adults with continuing symptoms of childhood constipation, those free of symptoms of constipation, and healthy peers Secondly, we aimed to gain more insight in the specific consequences of ... outcome In the 43 adults with childhood constipation continuing into adulthood, self-reported complaints were constipation in 76.7% and fecal incontinence with or without low defecation frequency in...