... G-quadruplex DNA (A) EMSA was performed with EWS (lanes and 4) and 32P-labeled ETS-1 (lanes and 4) or ssDNA L (lanes and 2) (B) EMSA was performed with EWS (lanes 2, and 6) and 32P-labeled Htelo (lanes and ... 589 and 597 within RGG3 are important for the binding of RGG3 to G-quadruplex DNAandRNA In ssDNA and ssRNA RGG3 (nM) Fraction of RNA bound Fig Binding affinity of RGG3 to Htelo or rHtelo The DNA ... RGG3 (lanes and 4) and 32P-labeled Htelo (lanes and 2) or rHtelo (lanes and 4) (B) EMSA was performed with RGG3 (lanes and 4) and 32P-labeled rHtelo (lanes and 2) or mut rHtelo (lanes and 4) (C,...
... copper(II) complex over tRNAPhe (lanes and 9, Fig 6) The cleavage intensities increased with the concentration of Ami and Cu(II)-Ami gradually, up to their Ó FEBS 2002 DNAandRNA damage by Cu(II) ... Biotech, Wrocław, Poland) Isolation of yeast tRNAPhe Yeast tRNAPhe of specific phenylalanine acceptance 1200–1400 pmol per A260 unit was prepared from crude baker’s yeast tRNA by standard column chromatography ... EDTA and 0.1% SDS The eluted tRNAPhe was precipitated with ethanol, dissolved in water and stored at )20 °C before use TRNAPhe cleavage analysis Prior to the reaction, the 32P labeled tRNAPhe...
... AND METHODS Material preparations DNAandRNAoligonucleotides were synthesized on a solid support using the standard phosphoramidite method with an Applied Biosystems Model 391 synthesizer and ... the present study, we determined the temperatureindependent and temperature-dependent thermodynamic parameters of 24 DNA/ DNAand 41 RNA /DNA oligonucleotide duplexes The heat capacity changes were ... Therefore, systemic and extensive investigations are still required to assign universally appropriate parameter sets of the temperature-dependent thermodynamics for the DNA/ DNAandRNA /DNA oligonucleotide...
... the human telomeres These include: (a) the structure and dynamics of all possible DNA, RNAandDNA ⁄ RNA hybrid G-quadruplexes formed by short and long human telomeric sequences; (b) the structural ... DNA A Long human telomeric DNAandRNA sequences The next step toward understanding the structure of the ‘real’ telomeres is to address the question on the structure of long human telomeric DNA ... telomeric DNAandRNA sequences (A) ‘Beads-on-a-string’ [67], (B) ‘samedirection stacking’ [27], (C) ‘alternate-direction stacking’ [66] and (D) coexistence of all the three modes (A, B and C) for...
... Collect the RNA by centritiging at 10,OOOg 15 Gently aspirate the for supernatant and rmse the pellet with ice-cold 70% ethanol Recentrlfuge for and remove the supernatant Dry the RNA pellet under ... (Saccharomyces cerevwae) Anal Blochem 176,303-306 Isolation of RNAandDNA 20 Nemeth, G G., Heydemann, A., and Bolander, M E (1989) Isolation and analysis of ribonucleic acids from skeletal tissues ... E., and Sauer, G (1983) The simultaneous extraction of highmolecular-weight DNAand of RNA from sohd tumours Anal Biochem 134, 288-294 25 Mirkes, P E (1985) Simultaneous banding of rat embryo DNA, ...
... viral-like DNAandRNA polymerase (DPO and RPO, respectively) ORFs and have 3' and 5' inverted terminal repeats, also a 5' binding protein This protein can be involved in both replication and integration ... the SANDER module Finally, PROCHECK 3.4 [20] and Atomic Non-Local Environment Assessment (ANOLEA) [21,22] were used to evaluate both DNAandRNA polymerases using a Ramachandran plot [23] and ... [10,32,33] Both the DNAandRNA polymerases, after refinement by optimization of geometry and MD simulations, had their structures validated by PROCHECK and ANOLEA (Figure 5) The Ramachandran plot showed...
... catalytic activities: (a) DNA polymerase activity, which can be both RNAandDNA dependent; and (b) RNase H activity that selectively hydrolyzes the RNA strand of the RNA :DNA hybrid formed during ... synthesis of the minus (–) strand DNA that uses (+)-strand RNA as template [2,3] HIV-1 RNase H, similar to all the RNase Hs and together with transposases, retroviral integrases and RuvC resolvase, belongs ... inhibit the RT RNA- dependent DNA polymerase (RDDP) associate activity, whereas none inhibit its RNase H-associated activity [1,5,6] Hence, the HIV-1 RNase H function is a valid and attractive...
... template RNA, real-time PCR and RTPCR offers significant advantages over standard PCR and RT-PCR for detection of DNA or RNA in terms of reduced sample handling, the time required for analysis and ... carry-over amplicon DNA contamination in a sample Results Effect of UNG concentration on DNA degradation and RTPCR amplification of RNA To assess the effect of UNG on DNA degradation andRNA detection, ... concentration on DNA degradation andRNA detectiona 0.1 U UNG 0.25 U UNG 0.5 U UNG 1.0 U UNG Analyte (dil.) Controlc CT incr CT incr CT incr CT incr RNA (undil.)b RNA (1:10) RNA (1:100) RNA (1:1000)...
... template RNA, real-time PCR and RTPCR offers significant advantages over standard PCR and RT-PCR for detection of DNA or RNA in terms of reduced sample handling, the time required for analysis and ... carry-over amplicon DNA contamination in a sample Results Effect of UNG concentration on DNA degradation and RTPCR amplification of RNA To assess the effect of UNG on DNA degradation andRNA detection, ... concentration on DNA degradation andRNA detectiona 0.1 U UNG 0.25 U UNG 0.5 U UNG 1.0 U UNG Analyte (dil.) Controlc CT incr CT incr CT incr CT incr RNA (undil.)b RNA (1:10) RNA (1:100) RNA (1:1000)...
... all the feces DNA/ RNA isolation and HIV1 detection work and drafted the manuscript LC, MD and CS performed urine DNA/ RNA isolation and HIV-1 detection, the molecular genetic studies and help to ... from feces and urine to detect HIV-1 RNA /DNA and CD4 mRNA Specific primers listed in Table were used for optimal detection of HIV-1 subtype B env and gag regions, human beta-globin DNA, human ... beta-actin mRNA and CD4 mRNA First a cDNA strand was generated using Superscript II RT (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA) A 10 ul reaction consisting of 10 ug of RNA, uM of primer, 10 mM dNTP mix, and H2O...
... in a covalent manner, and that both DNA- helix distorting and single strand nick forms of DNA damage are important pathways to apoptosis upon expression of NS1 Materials and Methods Transfection ... cellular DNA, and that this damage leads to apoptosis Upon detection of DNA damage, DNA damage response proteins inhibit the cell cycle and are capable of inducing apoptosis if the DNA lesion ... are suggestive of DNA damage as a cause of NS1-induced apoptosis ATM principally binds to free DNA ends or DNA strand breaks (43), while ATR recognizes single-stranded regions of DNA common to multiple...
... clades A, E, and B; and demonstrated equivalent amplification of the target gene Separation of PBMC Subsets and HIV DNA Analaysis Because HIV DNA is present in both lymphocytes and monocytes, ... Phatisawad, and Rapee Trichavaroj; Sean Hill, David Troelstrup, Erik Anderson, Andrew Williams, and Wichitra Apateerapong; and as well as acknowledge the SEARCH participants for their support and commitment ... 72°C/2 We used non-HIV-1 infected genomic DNA for a negative control andDNA from three HIV-1 infected cell lines (8E5, OM10.1, and ACH-2; NIH AIDS Research and Reference Reagent Program, NIH, Bethesda,...
... tail and 3’ blunt end, DnaB enters DNA with both strands passing through the central channel of DnaB (Kaplan, 2000) The translocation of DnaB on double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) requires ATP hydrolysis ... temporally and spatially separate DNA unwinding by DnaB helicase from its ATP-dependent locomotion on DNA (double- or single-stranded) It is known that when encountering a linear DNA with a 5’ tail and ... stalled RNA polymerase and an incomplete RNA transcript that can hybridize with DNA to form an R loop R loops, especially the single stranded DNA therein, is susceptible to physical and enzymatic...
... Artificial miRNA from introns G Du et al The pre-miRNA is then recognized by another RNase III, Dicer, and cleaved to produce a mature miRNA of 22 nucleotides miRNAs can be categorized ... reporter and an endogenous gene Moreover, this vector also provides a robust marker for the artificial miRNA-transfected cells Results and Discussion Generation of miRNA-based RNAi vectors based on RNA ... mimics the structure and processing of some natural miRNAs C D Fig Strategy for improved RNAi knockdown and ⁄ or marker gene expression (A,B) In the original miRNA-based artificial miRNA expression...
... NaH2PO4, and KI were obtained either from Fluka (Buchs, Switzerland) or from Riedel-deHaen (Seelze GmbH, Germany) dNTP, Pwo DNA polyă merase, HindIII and EcoRI endonucleases, and T4 DNA ligase ... nonspecific DNA- binding protein to a state of the protein that binds DNA with FEBS Journal 272 (2005) 1103–1116 ª 2005 FEBS M Tworzydło et al CRP conformational changes induced by DNAand cAMP Fig ... artificial ICAP DNA possesses a symmetrical sequence, which binds with high affinity to the CRP HTH motifs, and the lac and gal DNA sequences represent the CRP-binding sites from class I and class II...
... Polarized strand, 5’->3’ Base inside, sugar outside DNAand its Building Antiparallel strands DNA Pairs A always pairs with T, and G with C, A-T two hydrogen bonds, G-C three hydrogen bonds DNA Double ... template to form complimentary pairs with a new DNA strand • DNA is in nucleus in eucaryotes 1953 Watson and Crick determined the structure of DNADNAand its Building Nucleotides: Guanine (G), Adenine ... strands holding together by hydrogen bonds between A-T (2 bonds) and G-C (3 bonds) • DNA duplication occurs using one strand of parental DNA as template to form complimentary pairs with a new DNA...
... arrangement of DNA strands is called antiparallel The asymmetric ends of DNA strands are referred to as the 5′ (five prime) and 3′ (three prime) ends One of the major differences between DNAandRNA is ... The main difference between DNAandRNA is the sugar present in the molecules While the sugar present in a RNA molecule is ribose, the sugar present in a molecule of DNA is deoxyribose Deoxyribose ... usually takes the place of thymine in RNAand differs from thymine by lacking a methyl group on its ring DNA helix structure Structure of RNA (hairpin loop from pre-mRNA) Content is available under...
... large population of siRNA (with 21–23 nucleotides), and the use of longer dsRNA may be advantageous over siRNA In this study, the longer dsRNA was produced and used in the RNAi experiments It has ... in dsRNA or can be fed plasmids that make dsRNA and consequently exhibit RNAi effects In many studies, dsRNA can move across cell boundaries freely Thus, it is not necessary to inject dsRNA directly ... dsRNA For example, the reduction in MeVg1 transcript level in the ovary represented only 6%, 7% and 22% decreases at 24, 48 and 72 h post-dsRNA treatment (Fig 6B) Similar SDS ⁄ PAGE analysis and...
... (lanes and 5), MCM2(1–230)V203E/F204L (lanes and 6), MCM2(1–230)L192P/R193G (lanes and 7), and MCM2(1–230)wt (lanes and 8) were expressed in 293 cells and whole cell extracts were prepared and 110 ... 293 cells and expressed for 36–48 h Whole cell extracts were prepared as described in Materials and methods and 90 lg were loaded per lane Proteins were separated on 10% SDS/PAGE gels and analyzed ... whole-cell extract, washed extensively and eluted with 0.325 M NaCl and then with M NaCl 0.33% of the Load (L), flowthrough (FT), and 33% of the final wash (W) and eluate (E) fractions were analyzed...