... part the preserve ofthe few (elites). The choice of which language or dialect to use to teach (medium of instruction) reflects the interests of those elite. In countries in which one ofthe languages ... education program can thus harness the local languages and indigenous knowledge of the minority and poor people and use them to mobilize the poor and minorities who are struggling for the betterment ... as income below the poverty datum line, unemployment and lack of ownership of assets. Non-economic poverty, on the other hand, refers to the deprivation of non-material things, which lead to...
... implications ofthe determined repre- sentation for our processing approach to compre- hension of French, will form the basis ofthe discussion. 4.1 Word Boundaries in On-Line Comprehension of ... Because ofthe parallel activation of all meanings of each recognized word in HOPE, the determination ofthe phonetic representation of a recognized word determines the breadth of active competition ... disambiguated word meaning. It is thein interaction ofthe results of these asynchronous processes that the process of comprehension is defined. The processes are independent ofthe know- ledge...
... due to the continuedmonetarization of China’s economy. Professor YI Gang made the hypothesis that the rising trend of money supply to GDP ratio is the result of monetarization of China’seconomy ... supporting evidence of money in circulation. Since the beginning of reform and opening ofthe market, monetarization of transactions hasbecome more common. Goods that were provided by the government ... improved. Bond holdings accounted for an increasing proportion of commercial banks’ total assets, which to some extent contained the rising riskoriginated from dominance of loans inthe total...
... assessment of ongoing exposure to contagious TB patients;inadequate follow-up of study populations; lack of rigorous case definitions; and dif-ferences in either BCG dose, vaccine strain, or method of ... vaccination. These developments have prompted a re-evaluation oftheroleof BCGvaccination inthe prevention and control of TB inthe United States. CDC, the AdvisoryCouncil for the Elimination ... for Disease Controland Prevention (CDC) The Roleof BCG Vaccine in the Prevention and Control of Tuberculosis in the United StatesA Joint Statement by the Advisory Councilfor the Elimination...
... customers because the lower costs of online com-panies allow them to offer more favorable rates. Community banks couldlose other customers who prefer the convenience of online banking. The convenience ... some online brokerage companies haveenjoyed rapid growth by allowing investors to buy and sell individualstocks on the Internet. Most of these companies also allow their onlinecustomers to ... history or collateral may require the bank to carefully monitor the borrower over the course ofthe loan. To cover the fixed cost of investi-gating a loan applicant and learning his business, the...
... degradingaction [2]. These actions could be linked to physiologi-cal functions, as inthe case ofthe angiogenic action of angiogenins [3], or due to the mere reflection in the laboratory assays, ... for their cytotoxicaction, and their target RNA is inthe cytosol. It has been proposed that the cytosolic RNase inhibitor (cRI) plays a major rolein determining the ability of an RNase to ... detected at the dimerinterface ofthe models or inthe surroundings of the mutated residues. The models of RNase A covalent dimers in the exchanging conformation were prepared using the 7RSA structure...
... the GABA-uptake of GAT1 In order to gain further insight into theroleof the terminal structures ofthe N-glycans of GAT1, N-gly-cosylation processingof NNN was inhibited by 1-de-oxymannojirimycin ... expression of transporters. In thisevent the oligosaccharides of GAT1 play a rolein the regulation of GABA-uptake by affecting the affinityfor sodium ions. In conclusion, cotranslational N-glycosylation ... half-life of DDQ containing all threeN-glycosylation mutations was reduced even more,compared with that of DDN, showing a value of only5.5 h. In contrast, the stability of NNN containingonly mannosidic...
... inventories: the probability of shifting from one modality of expected-debt to the previous one, implying moreex post demand for credit, is linked to past increases in inventories. The co-ordinates of ... financial constraints, if the pool of firms isdivided into a four-group typology, on the basis of their co-ordinates along the two axis of Graph 1, turning clockwise from the top-right quarter. ... good proportion ofthe remaining enterprises should probably have been closed for along time.Hence the following proposition: although, from a static point of view, the distribution of enterprises,...
... bringing microfinance into the spotlight not only in developing countries but also inthe developedworld. The awareness by policy makers about theroleof microfinance asa major tool for empowering ... exposed inthe field of information and communicationtechnologies, and in stimulating economic growth for the poor. 36* This section ofthe report is mainly based on the results of a questionnaire ... andoutreach continues to grow in terms ofthe number of microborrowers.Institutions providing microfinance in Asia play a critical rolein increasing the access to finance for underprivileged people,...
... determines whether or not the inter-media relationship is one of contradiction in which the meanings ofthe component media are in opposition one to another, producing a collision or confrontation. ... through sound (including music), taking into account the director’s – and, therefore, the composer’s – intentions, the narrative content ofthe film, and the overall strategy ofthe director ... inthe process. The roleofthe composer, typically, is dramatically influenced by the wishes and expressed input ofthe director (altered model component: composer-director). The sonic component...
... enzyme; (B) Binding anddistortion ofthe substrate (the )1 sugar is shown), leaving group departure, and formation ofthe oxazolinium ion intermediate; (C) Hydrolysis of the oxazolinium ion intermediate. ... this protonacidic to promote leaving group departure. As explainedabove, it is conceivable that rotation of protonatedAsp142 may contribute to a necessary lowering of the pKa of Glu144 inthe ... enzyme is most active. The basic arm ofthe pH-activity profile must be determined by the loss of one or both of these protons.Comparison of rows 1, 6 and 8 with rows 5 and 7 in Table 3 shows that...
... pro-cessing techniques can be deployed.1 Introduction The field of question answering arose from the recognition that the document does not occupy aprivileged position inthe space of information ob-jects ... understanding of a“relationship” as the ability for one object to in- fluence another. Objects in these questions candenote either entities (people, organization, coun-tries, etc.) or events. Consider ... in cooper-ation? If so, what are the driving factors be-hind this increase?Evidence for a relationship includes both the means to in uence some entity and the motiva-tion for doing so. Eight...
... estimated schooling effect could include both the impacts of schooling and the fact that those continuing in school could earn more inthe absence of schooling.2 For the most part, employing alternative ... period against years of schooling at the beginning ofthe period for a sample of 92 countries. Both growth and education are expressed conditional on the initial level of output, to account for ... Quantity of Schooling and Economic Growth Given the microeconomic evidence ofthe productivity-enhancing effects of education, it seems natural to extend the view to the macroeconomic perspective of...
... recommended to farmers, as it can promote erosion from wind and first rain events. Scarification ofthe soil surface allows for protection against erosion and runoff due to the addition of crop ... 9 The harvest index is defined as the ratio of grain to total crop biomass” (Cassman 1999). The Roleof Rainfed Agriculture inthe Future of Global Food Production Mark Rosegrant,1 ... water harvesting methods. The erosion ofthe sandy surface of these soils, often due to the removal of vegetation by overgrazing or other means, exposes the clayey subsurface that forms a crusty...
... Senegal), therole is more significant and positioned to grow through alliances with the international networks of Eurogiro and Western Union. The Roleof Post Offices in Savings The roleof postal ... participation options. The main findings pointed out that there was no investor appetite in view ofthe micro-scale of operation and small size ofthe market. Republic of Congo SOPECO is the postal ... between the ministries of finance, the IMF, and World Bank. In the recent past in Africa, no distinction was made ofthe roles ofthe post as the mail provider, as owner of the post office network,...