... in non- definingrelative clauses. If the non-
defining relative clause occurs in the middle of a sentence, a comma is put
before the relative pronoun and at the end of the clause. If the non- defining ... hotel)
Punctuation
Commas are not used in definingrelative clauses.
Relative pronouns
The following relative pronouns are used in definingrelative clauses:
Person Thing Place Tim
e
Reason ... book.
Sentence that became the relative
clause
My sister recommended the book.
Relative Pronoun Function direct object of the relative clause
Location of the relative clause it's at the...
... where
B.which
B.which
C.who
C.who
D.when
D.when
A
D
B
C
D
2. Relative clauses
2. Relative clauses
a. Definingrelativeclauses ( mÖnh ®Ò quan hÖ
a. Definingrelativeclauses ( mÖnh ®Ò quan hÖ
x¸c ®Þnh)
x¸c ®Þnh)
Eg: ... girl who is my sister’s
closest friend.
closest friend.
b. Non- definingrelativeclauses (mÖnh ®Ò quan
b. Non- definingrelativeclauses (mÖnh ®Ò quan
hÖ kh«ng x¸c ®Þnh)
hÖ kh«ng x¸c ®Þnh)
Eg: ... happy.
A.who
A.who
B.which
B.which
C.where
C.where
D.whom
D.whom
2.We are studying sentences……… are relative clauses.
2.We are studying sentences……… are relative clauses.
A.when
A.when
B.who
B.who
C.whose
C.whose
D.which
D.which
3.The...
... appropriate ending from the box
and make it into a relative clause.
STEPS ACTIVITIVES
Review - Teacher and students review how to write the sentences with relative
pronoun.
Practice
V. Complete the ...
pronoun.
Practice
V. Complete the sentence. Choose the most appropriate ending from the box
and make it into a relative clause.
they were taken at the Christmas party
he has dream of it for a long time
...
... which we visited yesterday, is very old.
Non- DefiningRelative Clauses
Combine the sentences using relative clauses. Note that all relativeclauses are non- defining.
1. Samuel Johnson was the son ... describe.
relative pronoun is necessary
relative pronoun is not necessary
Relative clauses - defining or non- defining?
Study the situations and then decide whether the following relativeclauses ... Westminster Abbey.
Samuel Johnson
Relative Adverbs
Choose the correct relative adverb.
Exercises on relative clauses.
I- Combine the two sentences using relative pronouns.
1. I apologizes to...
...
Name: ……………………………………………… Class: 11………
UNIT 9 – RELATIVECLAUSES 3
I. Combine each pair of sentences, using Relative Clauses:
1. The man was a botanist. His son was intelligent.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2....
... IV. Rewrite the following sentences, using Relative Clauses:
1. This is the first thing. I want to tell you about it.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2....
... down.
- For plants to grow properly, you have to water them regularly.
Page 3
INFINITIVE RELATIVE CLAUSES
(A Supplement to English 11, Basic Course)
Look at this pattern with an adjective and...
... town , which is two miles away
Comparison between restrictive clauses and non- restrictive clauses
Restrictive clauses Non- restrictive clauses
- Necessary ( cần thiết)
- Can’t be omitted (không ... teacher
2. Relative clauses
a. Restrictive clauses ( mệnh đề quan hệ giới hạn)
Là mệnh đềä rất cần thiết để bổ nghóa cho mệnh đề chính, nên không thể bỏ được
b. Non – Restrictive clauses ( mệnh ... trong mệnh đề quan hệ xác định ( restrictive clauses)
- “That” is not used ( không được dùng ) :
+ Trong mệnh đệ quan hệ không xác định ( non- restrictive clauses)
+ Khi đứng sau giới từ ( after prepositions...
... in brackets as a relative clause (defining or non- defining) in an
appropriate place in the sentence. Give alternative relative pronouns if possible. (Use - to
indicate ‘no relative pronoun’.)
1. ... Master's course is no longer taught. (I took this course in 1990.)
III. Replace the relativeclauses by an infinitive or infinitive phrase.
1. He was the first man who left the burning ... Exercises of relative clause
I. Write all the pronouns possible to complete each sentence. Write Ø if the sentence...
... the mice was poisonous.
REDUCED NON- DEFININGRELATIVECLAUSES
Relative [=adjective] clauses
Necessary [ =defining; restrictive] clauses
Unnecessary [ =non- defining]
There are two different ... something else. Here it is not limited to only definingrelative clauses.
Of course, there are conditions for reducing relative clauses, whether defining or non- defining.
One grammar book explains as ... you are absolutely right, because
“The relative pronoun can be omitted ONLY in necessary [defining] adjective [relative] clauses. ”
Page 1
REDUCED RELATIVE CLAUSES
What is called “reduction” is...
... ambition often try to work harder than the others.
II. MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ KHÔNG CÓ GIỚI HẠN: (Non- Restrictive Relative Clause )
• Đây là loại mệnh đề có dấu phẩy đứng trước (và đứng sau).
• Mệnh đề ... (THAT) I have ever received from the Committee.
IV. RÚT GỌN MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ: (Reductions of Relative Clauses)
A: DẠNG THÔNG THƯỜNG: (Cần nhớ kỹ)
Cách làm: Ta lược bỏ ĐẠI TỪ QUAN HỆ, MODAL VERB ... chủ từ), WHERE (chỉ nơi chốn; đứng trước chủ từ)
I. MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ CÓ GIỚI HẠN: (Restrictive Relative Clause )
• Đây là loại mệnh đề không có dấu phẩy đứng trứơC.
• Mệnh đề quan hệ có giới...
... the village common which they saw
from distance.
RELATIVE CLAUSES/ ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
EXERCISES
GRAMMAR COURSE - I
WEEK 3
RELATIVECLAUSES - 2
IV. Combine two simple sentences into one ... hospital.
RELATIVE CLAUSES – 4
I. Choose the best answer to complete the sentence
1. b
2. b
3. c
4. d
5. b
6. b
7. c
8. c
9. c
10. b
RELATIVE CLAUSES – 2
I. Fill the gaps with all possible relative ...
RELATIVE CLAUSES – 4
II. Reduce the relative clauses
1. which is → Ø
2. who live → living
3. which is → Ø
4. which is...
... trong relative clause.
Ví dụ:
The man whom I
want to see wasn’t here.
Chú ý trong các mệnh đề liên hệ có giới từ, khi dùng whom ta thường đặt giới từ lên trước whom.
RelativeClauses ...
Xét lại tất cả các ví dụ trên ta thấy các relative clause luôn bảo ta biết cụ thể người nào hay vật
nào ta đang nói tới. Trong các câu này nếu bỏ relative clause đi ta không thể xác định được ... không phải bao giờ relative clause cũng như vậy. Xét ví dụ:
Tom’s father, who is 78, is a doctor.
(Cha Tom, đã 78 tuổi, là một bác sĩ.)
Who
Chúng ta dùng who trong relative clause khi...