... in non- definingrelative clauses. If the non-
defining relative clause occurs in the middle of a sentence, a comma is put
before the relative pronoun and at the end of the clause. If the non- defining ... not a relative
pronoun.
1.1.3.4 As and “but” used asrelative pronouns
Let’s look at some examples:
Sometimes “but” is used as a relative pronoun.
Eg: There wasn’t one boy in the class but ... other relative clause, however, in that way they can
precede the main clause, as well as interrupting or following it.
E.g: As he later admitted, it was a stupid thing to do.
It was, as he...
... where
B.which
B.which
C.who
C.who
D.when
D.when
A
D
B
C
D
2. Relative clauses
2. Relative clauses
a. Definingrelativeclauses ( mÖnh ®Ò quan hÖ
a. Definingrelativeclauses ( mÖnh ®Ò quan hÖ
x¸c ®Þnh)
x¸c ®Þnh)
Eg: ... girl who is my sister’s
closest friend.
closest friend.
b. Non- definingrelativeclauses (mÖnh ®Ò quan
b. Non- definingrelativeclauses (mÖnh ®Ò quan
hÖ kh«ng x¸c ®Þnh)
hÖ kh«ng x¸c ®Þnh)
Eg: ... relative pronoun in the following sentences
Ex 1: Put a relative pronoun in the following sentences
1.The house………… I lived as a child has been pulled
1.The house………… I lived as a child has...
... Complete the sentence. Choose the most appropriate ending from the box
and make it into a relative clause.
STEPS ACTIVITIVES
Review - Teacher and students review how to write the sentences with relative ...
pronoun.
Practice
V. Complete the sentence. Choose the most appropriate ending from the box
and make it into a relative clause.
they were taken at the Christmas party
he has dream of it for a long ... Period 3+4: Read the passage. Fill in the blanks with who, which or where.
STEPS ACTIVITIES
Review - Teacher and students to review how to write the passage.
Practice - Asking students to do...
...
Non- DefiningRelative Clauses
Combine the sentences using relative clauses. Note that all relativeclauses are non- defining.
1. Samuel Johnson was the son of a bookseller. Samuel Johnson was ... describe.
relative pronoun is necessary
relative pronoun is not necessary
Relative clauses - defining or non- defining?
Study the situations and then decide whether the following relativeclauses ... my friend has recommended to us.
7. That is a museum which I like very much. -
8. That is a museum which lies in the heart of the town.
defining – no commas
non- defining – commas
1. I have...
...
Name: ……………………………………………… Class: 11………
UNIT 9 – RELATIVECLAUSES 3
I. Combine each pair of sentences, using Relative Clauses:
1. The man was a botanist. His son was intelligent.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2. ... doctor.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
15. I don’t know the reason. She left school for that reason.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
16. Many diseases are no longer dangerous. People died of them ... poem.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4. The book was a love story. I read it yesterday.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
5. That’s the stone. The astronaut brought it back from the moon.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
6....
... following sentences, using Relative Clauses:
1. This is the first thing. I want to tell you about it.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2. This is Mrs. Jones. Her son won the scholarship last ... them.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
15. The team has lost all matches. This doesn’t surprised me.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
16. John has a few exercises. He has to do them.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
17. ... traveling.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
8. The exhibition was not very interesting. My friend took me to see it.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
9. He gave orders to the manager. The manager passed them on to the supervisors.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
10....
... these sentences.
- It was nice of Tom to take the dog for a walk.
(Nice expressing a personal quality: it was a kind action by Tom.)
- It was nice for Tom to take the dog for a walk.
(It was ... regularly.
Page 3
INFINITIVE RELATIVE CLAUSES
(A Supplement to English 11, Basic Course)
Look at this pattern with an adjective and a to-infinitive.
- Which was the first country to win the ... World Cup)
- The last person to leave will have to turn out the lights.
(= the last person who leaves)
- Maxicorp were the only company to reply to my letter.
- William Pitt was the youngest...
... between restrictive clauses and non- restrictive clauses
Restrictive clauses Non- restrictive clauses
- Necessary ( cần thiết)
- Can’t be omitted (không thể bỏ)
- Without commas (không dấu phảy)
- ... teacher
2. Relative clauses
a. Restrictive clauses ( mệnh đề quan hệ giới hạn)
Là mệnh đềä rất cần thiết để bổ nghóa cho mệnh đề chính, nên không thể bỏ được
b. Non – Restrictive clauses ( mệnh ... trong mệnh đề quan hệ xác định ( restrictive clauses)
- “That” is not used ( không được dùng ) :
+ Trong mệnh đệ quan hệ không xác định ( non- restrictive clauses)
+ Khi đứng sau giới từ ( after prepositions...
... to you last night may be the next president of the
university.
15. These walls are all remain of the city.
II. Write the information in brackets as a relative clause (defining or non- defining) ... celebrated novel
43. saying was so important that I asked everyone to stop talking and listen.
A. What the woman was B. That the woman was
C. The woman was D. What was the woman
44. Marta Graham, ... who
C. as Anna Winlock D. Anna Winlock then
50. that the capital of South Carolina was moved from Charleston to ColumbiA.
A. In 1790 was B. There was in 1790 C. In 1790 D. It was in 1790
51. It was...
... that was eaten by the mice was poisonous.
The food eaten by the mice was poisonous.
REDUCED NON- DEFININGRELATIVECLAUSES
Relative [=adjective] clauses
Necessary [ =defining; restrictive] clauses ... [defining] adjective [relative] clauses. ”
Page 1
REDUCED RELATIVE CLAUSES
What is called “reduction” is something else. Here it is not limited to only definingrelative clauses.
Of course, there ... conditions for reducing relative clauses, whether defining or non- defining.
One grammar book explains as follows:
“An adjective clause can be reduced to an adjective phrase only if the clause...
... This is the last time that you talk to me such a foolish thing.
This is the last time to talk to me such a foolish thing.
d) It is Tom, who you can ask for advice. It is Tom to ask for advice.
e) ... , + MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ KHÔNG CÓ GIỚI HẠN
Ví dụ: London, which has the Big Ben, is the capital of England.
Mr. Lâm, who is my uncle, has six children.
III: CÁC TRƯỜNG HỢP BẮT BUỘC DÙNG “ THAT”:
1) ... (THAT) I have ever received from the Committee.
IV. RÚT GỌN MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ: (Reductions of Relative Clauses)
A: DẠNG THÔNG THƯỜNG: (Cần nhớ kỹ)
Cách làm: Ta lược bỏ ĐẠI TỪ QUAN HỆ, MODAL VERB...
... last night.
RELATIVECLAUSES - 3
II. Combine two simple sentences into one sentence
1. There was the time when dinosaurs dominated the earth.
2. The house where I was born and grew up was ... they saw
from distance.
RELATIVE CLAUSES/ ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
EXERCISES
GRAMMAR COURSE - I
WEEK 3
RELATIVECLAUSES - 2
IV. Combine two simple sentences into one sentence
6. I missed seeing ...
city.
RELATIVE CLAUSES – 3
I. Choose the correct explanation of the sentence
1. a
2. b
3. c
4. d
5. f
6. e
7. h
8. i
RELATIVECLAUSES - 1
III. Split the sentence into two simple sentences
1....
... trong relative clause.
Ví dụ:
The man whom I
want to see wasn’t here.
Chú ý trong các mệnh đề liên hệ có giới từ, khi dùng whom ta thường đặt giới từ lên trước whom.
RelativeClauses ... mà anh đang trò chuyện với là bạn tôi.)
The bed wasn’t very comfortable. I slept in it last night.
- The bed that I slept in last night wasn’t very comfortable.
(Cái giường mà tôi ngủ tối ...
Trong các ví dụ sau who/that đóng vai trò object trong relative clause.
The man who I want to see
wasn’t here.
- The man I
want to see wasn’t here.
(Người đàn ông mà tôi muốn gặp không...