... and Central Asia 76 The Green Agenda in Europe and Central Asia 76 The Clean Agenda in Europe and Central Asia 76 The Resilience Agenda in Europe and Central ... growth strategies in Mexico, Brazil, and Colombia Mobilizing New Finance, Resourcing the Strategy Across all three agendas—green, clean, and resilient—the goal of the Strategy is to demonstrate ... transport operations such as the São Paulo Feeder Roads, Mato Grosso Sul State Road Transport Project, and Brazil Road Transport Project all couple investments with technical assistance in strategic...
... employees need to be trained Sometimes the training may be provided by larger firms, with whom they contract, World Bank (1998a) de Soto (1989) Private Sector Development Strategy – Directions ... dissemination • PSD-sector board sponsored training courses • WBI training courses • Training provided by other departments on PSD topics • International Training Courses for Utility Regulators ... but is a declining business line 73 IFC’s latest strategy, articulated in the 2001 paper IFC: Strategic Directions signaled a change in its strategic focus.46 It calls for a move towards areas...
... deforestation Successful incorporation of forestry (carbon sequestration in trees) and agriculture (carbon sequestration in soils) in future carbon trading systems can provide greater incentive to retain ... intraregional tiveness Linking farmers to the range and intranational trade, for less distorting of market opportunities across food staples, traditional bulk commodities, and higher value domestic ... barrier to South-South trade, and farmers, fishers, and traders—reducing support for improved regional agree- local market volatility and post harvest ments, can unlock trade opportunities losses...
... Catastrophe risk financing is an important element of the strategic framework for disaster risk management advocated by the World Bank Group Added Value to ... macro (country) and micro (household, farmer) levels A comprehensive disaster risk management strategy, involving risk assessment, institutional capacity building, investments in risk mitigation, ... similar initiative for the Pacific Island countries is in preparation Catastrophe Bonds Cat bonds to transfer risk to investors by allowing the issuer to not repay the bond principal if a major natural...
... Strengthening Governance 23 BOX Decentralization: A Key Element of the Public Sector Strategy Central governments around the world are decentralizing fiscal, political, and administrative responsibilities ... for? Should money supply growth be constrained by independent central banks, by currency boards, or by transnational monetary unions? A key message of this strategy (following WDR97) is that questions ... choice of attending private schools Rules and Restraints Effective decentralization requires an active role for central governments, because rules and restraints are absolutely necessary to distribute...
... Chapter Transform—Making development more open and accountable and transforming service delivery 17 The Transform agenda is the most important pillar of the new ICT sector strategy The strategy ... of ICTs to promote transparency and accountability The proposed strategy incorporated these directions as part of the Innovate and Transform pillars, respectively 16 The strategy also built on ... economy 14 The new ICT sector strategy has a three-year horizon, starting in mid-2012 The strategy is organized under three pillars: Transform: Use ICTs to transform service delivery and...
... for the implementation of this new strategy Strategic Relevance PPPs are of high strategic relevance to the World Bank Group An explicit objective of its strategy is to “increasingly promote ... operations and maintenance Management contracts Services contracts Privatization and regulation “Pure private“ Construction contracts Licensing and regulation Turnkey contracts New assets Lessons from ... more strategic and better tailored to countries To further improve the World Bank Group’s PPP ambitions as spelled out in its latest strategy, the Independent Evaluation Group recommends: Translate...
... growth would need wealth concentration, leading to a fundamental trade-off between growth and social justice More generally, Kuznets (1955, 1963) reasoned that this trade-off meant that inequality ... effect of financing constraints on growth: small vs large firms 67 2.6 Credit information sharing and loan losses 75 2.7 Credit information sharing and firms’ financing constraints 76 2.8 Credit ... some traditional views and challenge others For example, recent research provides additional evidence to support the widely-held belief that financial development promotes growth and illustrates...
... example, by entering into a fixed-price EPC contract with a contractor, investors will transfer the risk of construction cost overruns to the EPC contractor, and could therefore reduce their return ... delivers negative net present value Not Financially Attractive Alternative investments more attractive— the risk-reward profile is not as financially attractive as other investment options Low-Emission ... problems, and others Financially Attractive Financially viable, attractive and bankable projects Source: Authors 23 24 World Bank Study The international community has demonstrated significant interest...
... Bank and IFC programs A three-year strategy statement issued in March 2009 highlighted two main strands of the Bank Group’s operational response In the first strand, the Bank Group was seen to ... Chartered Bank on its trade finance portfolio through the purchase of 40 percent of eligible pools of their short-term trade receivables, so that the bank can scale up its trade finance activities ... corporate strategy of early 2008 envisaged proactive countercyclical support for companies facing liquidity constraints in order for them to continue to business during the crisis The strategy also...
... after accounting for intra‐Asian trade. A simple way to see this is to imagine East Asia as a single integrated economy, netting out all intra‐East Asian trade. Exports to the US as a share of East Asia’s ... is the development of new risk transfer instruments that have allowed market participants to slice the risks embedded in traditional financial instruments and trade them separately, thereby ... only 1.7 percent this year (mainly from coal extraction). The services sector continues to show strong growth, driven in particular by transport and trade (2.1 and 1.3 points of economic ...
... administrative costs between MDBs, it is safe to affirm that administrative costs are higher as operations become more complex and competition between institutions increase For example, decentralizing ... from extraregional partners such as the PRC and Brazil, and it is heavily investing in creating capacities for research in development topics and new approaches, attracting talent, and decentralizing ... the total liabilities of the central government The countercyclical role of MDB participation in central government financing is worth noting— an increment of net transfers has coincided with large...
... its Bid or contract execution if it is awarded the contract GENERAL CONDITIONS OF CONTRACT Bank Audits Clause 9.6 of the General Conditions of Contract (GCC) specifies that the Contractor shall ... the Central Offices of the Ministry of Education, as well as several schools in various provinces It also finances training of teachers Training was contracted with a Private Specialized Training ... contract 35.2 Furthermore, bidders shall be aware of the provision stated in SubClause 9.6 and Sub-Clause 42.2 of the General Conditions of Contract General Conditions of Contract Clause Contractor’s...
... expanded African trade levels From 1989 to 1999, Sub Saharan Africa’s trade as a percentage of GDP (a key indicator of globalization) increased from 78.1% to 95.6%; in dollar terms, trade grew from ... this trafficking in children.83 According to Anti-Slavery International, “slavery needs to be tackled at its source Poverty and the lack of education and health care are central to child trafficking’s ... Anti-Slavery International, “Trafficking of children in West Africa - Focus on Mali and Côte d’Ivoire,” June 2001, www.antislavery.org; “Child Trafficking in West and Central Africa,” United Nations...
... is the central principle which underpins all others; and also the fifth principle – transparency and predictability – because, if properly implemented, it has the potential to rapidly transform ... conditionality 2006 Principle Transparency and predictability “Conduct transparent progress reviews conducive to predictable and performance-based financial support.” Transparency must be viewed ... activities are conducted in an open, transparent and participatory manner, as set out below Transparency The debate on conditions should be opened up in a transparent and participatory manner...
... agencies, is therefore central to the strategy The basic actions in each of these areas are: training, operational tools, and services to implementing agencies 28 THE STRATEGY Training Three actions ... identify and support training opportunities for clients and counterparts Aligning resources with the elements of the strategy Four types of resources will be aligned with the strategy: • Budget ... country dialogue The analysis and strategies are incorporated into the Country Assistance Strategy.c Objectives and interventions for carrying out country gender strategies are reflected in the lending...
... their customers the highest fees in the sample but also face particularly high transaction costs, in part due to small transaction sizes Innovations to overcome the well-known problems of asymmetric ... profits were unconscionable, extracted from Mexico’s poorest citizens A leader of one nongovernmental organization in Latin America argued that Compartamos’s strategy is “socially, economically, ... profits allow Commercialize Attract private investors This argument that microfinance institutions should seek profits has an appealing “winwin” resonance, admitting little trade-off between social...
... d) deduct net foreign borrowing and add net official transfers; e) deduct the value of resource depletion.7 These calculations aim to illustrate whether apparent savings are being offset by other ... calculations start with GDP figures before adding and subtracting certain values, they will tend to justify increasing real GDP/economic growth as the central measure of development/progress.22 Nations ... countries with negative or near-zero rates This distracts attention from analysis of the ‘environmental space’ occupied by economies with strong, traditionally-defined economic growth — and excessive...