... phút trên m y P4-2.2Ghz, RAM 512MB. Hình 6. Kết quả môphỏngảnh CT bằng chương trình PB1 Hình 7. Kết quả môphỏngảnh CT bằng chương trình PB2 Hình 8. Kết quả môphỏngảnh MRI bằng ... SỐ BÀI THÍ NGHIỆM MÔPHỎNGXỬLÝHÌNHẢNHYHỌC Huỳnh Quang Linh, Võ Như Như Trường Đại học Bách khoa, ĐHQG-HCM (Bài nhận ng y2 6 tháng 01 năm 2006, hoàn chỉnh sửa chữa ng y 04 tháng 09 năm ... môphỏng bao gồm ảnh X-quang, chụp cắt lớp, ảnh MRI và siêu âm đã được x y dựng nhằm giúp sinh viên hiểu rõ hơn bản chất vật lý, thử nghiệm và phân tích một số vấn đề cơ bản của xửlýảnh y...
... gives usthe ability to modify our perception of visual reality. This ability is typicallyachieved by inserting a WearComp between the lightspace analyzer and thelightspace synthesizer (Fig. ... Covert prototype of camera and viewfinder having appearance of ordinary bifocaleyeglasses. This is a monocular left-eyed system, with a dummy lens in the right eye havingthe same physical appearance ... ideal‘lightspace’glassUserAugmented reality (AR)Figure 3.6 Eyeglasses made from lightspace analysis and lightspace synthesis systems canbe used for virtual reality, augmented reality, or mediated reality. Such a glass,...
... RENDERINGThe EyeTap glasses of the previous chapter absorb and quantify rays of light,process these rays of light, and then resynthesize corresponding rays of light.Each synthesized ray of light ... trade-off by using different colordyes in each layer that have a specular density as opposed the diffuse density ofsilver. Wyckoff printed his grayscale pictures on color paper, so the fast (yellow)layer ... moderately, and a fine-grained layer, denoted by a solid line, thatresponds to a large quantity of light. Ideally, when the more sensitive layer saturates, the nextmost sensitive layer begins...
... stay onconstantly, but more generally, its output can be varied rapidly and continuously,through the application of a time-varying voltage.15The AremacSimilarly, if we apply time-varying ... Antihomomorphic vector spaces. Arbitrarily many (typically 1000 or more)differently exposed images of the same subject matter are captured by a single camera.Typically pictures are signal averaged in ... broad dynamic range by using separate imagesthat differ only in exposure level [59,63,77], and thus to apply the methodologydescribed in Chapter 4 (the Wyckoff principle). THE LIGHTSPACE ANALYSIS...
... 258VIDEOORBITS: THE PROJECTIVE GEOMETRY RENAISSANCEand for the pseudoperspective model, φ is given byφT= [Ex(x, y, 1), E y (x, y, 1), (x2Ex+ xyE y ,xyEx+ y 2E y )].(6.33)To see how well the ... force the chirping effect (captured byqxx2and q y y 2) and the converging effect (captured by qxxyand q y xy)toworktogether to match as closely as possible the effect of a projective ... automaticallyoutput the 8 parameters of the “exact” model, to properly register the frames.They do not require the tracking or correspondence of explicit features, yet theyare computationally easy to...
... gian Đề cương ôn tập môn “Thiết bị chẩn đoán hìnhảnhyhọc I” 2010 Biên soạn : Sky Chương I –II: Bức xạ và nguyên tử I.Bức xạ: là năng lượng di chuyển trong ko gian hay vật chất. Có 2 loại ... với các e nguyên tử ở các mức NL cao, đ y các nguyên tử n y ra ngoài. Các e nguyên tử ở mức thấp hơn sẽ nh y lên, lấp lỗ trống của e nguyên tử vừa bị va chạm. Sự nh y mức NL n y phát xạ ra ... bay ra khỏi nguyên tử, chỉ chuyển từ mức n y sang mức khác. Sự ion hóa: o Khi NL tác động > NL liên kết ( E>Eb) thì ion bị bắn bay ra khỏi nguyên tử. o Khi bắn phá theo 1 d y chuyền...
... by(1.3-12)F y ωx y, () Fxy,() i ωxx()–{}exp xd∞–∞∫=F ωxω y ,() F y ωx y, () i ω y y()–{}exp yd∞–∞∫=Fxy,()fxx()f y y()=F y ωxω y ,()fxωx()f y ω y ()=fxωx() f y ω y () ... property requires thatG1xy,()O1F1xy,()F2xy,()…FNxy,(),,,{}=Gmxy,()OmF1xy,()F2xy,()…FNxy,(),,,{}=GMxy,()OMF1xy,()F2xy,()…FNxy,(),,,{}=……Gxy,()OFxy,(){}=δ xy,()xdydε–ε∫ε–ε∫1= ... dxφcos d y φsin+==Fxy,(){}∇ dx2d y 2+=dxx2Fxy,()∂x2∂ =dyy2Fxy,()∂ y 2∂ =Fxy,(){}∇22Fxy,()∂x2∂ 2Fxy,()∂ y 2∂ +=F ωxω y ,() Fxy,() i ωxx ω y y+()–{}exp xdyd∞–∞∫∞–∞∫=ωxω y i...
... visual system. Figure 2.4-2a is aIIωxω y ,() IIxy,() i– ωxx ω y y+(){}exp xydd∞–∞∫∞–∞∫=IOωxω y ,() IOxy,() i ωxx ω y y+()–{}exp xydd∞–∞∫∞–∞∫=IOωxω y ,()H ... ωxω y ,()IIωxω y ,()=IOxy,()14π2 IOωxω y ,()i ωxx ω y y+(){}exp ωxd ω y d∞–∞∫∞–∞∫=IOωxω y ,()IIωxω y ,() H ωxω y ,()=max min–max min+ EYE PHYSIOLOGY27Figure ... is illustrated inIOxy,()K1K2K3IIxy,()+{}log=KiIIxy,()IOxy,()IOxy,()K1IIxy,()K2IIxy,()+ =K1K2IOxy,() IIxy,()[]s= 32PSYCHOPHYSICAL VISION PROPERTIESBecause...
... =T1C()t1C()YC()t1C()YP1()t2C()YP2()t3C()YP3()++ =T2C()t2C()YC()t1C()YP1()t2C()YP2()t3C()YP3()++ =T3C()t3C()YC()t1C()YP1()t2C()YP2()t3C()YP3()++ ... (3.6-6f)U∗13W∗uuo–()=V∗13W∗vvo–()=W∗25 10 0Y( )13⁄17–=L∗116 Y Yo 13⁄16–903.3 Y Yo = Y Yo 0 . 0 0 8 8 5 6>0.0 Y Yo 0 . 0 0 8 8 5 6≤≤a∗500 fXXo f Y Yo –=b∗200 ... by an additive or a subtractive system. In a subtractive system, theyellow dye acts as a variable absorber of blue light, and with ideal dyes, the yellowdye effectively forms a blue primary...
... sampling array.FIxy,()Sxy,() δxj∆x– yk y ,()k ∞–=∞∑j ∞–=∞∑=∆x y, ()FPxy,()FIxy,()Sxy,() FIj ∆xk y, ()δxj∆x– yk y ,()k ∞–=∞∑j ∞–=∞∑==FIxy,()j ∆xk y, ()FPωxω y ,()FPωxω y ,() ... formRxy,()2πω0KJ1ω0x2 y 2+x2 y 2+ =J1·{}FIxy,()ηFIRFIτxτ y ,()EFIx1 y 1,()F*Ix2 y 2,(){}=τxx1x2–= τ y y1 y 2–=FPxy,()FIxy,()Sxy,()FIxy,() δxj∆x– yk y ,()k ... ωxω y ,()j k, 0≠ωxcωyc,()ωxcωxs2 ≤ωycωys2 ≤∆xπωxc ≤ y πωyc ≤∆x y R ωxω y ,()K0=ωxωxL≤ ω y ωyL≤ωxLωxc>ωyLωyc>Rxy,()KωxLωyLπ2...
... CHARACTERIZATION5.4. IMAGE PROBABILITY DENSITY MODELSA discrete image array can be completely characterized statistically by itsjoint probability density, written in matrix form asFIGURE 5.3-3. ... alternatively, as a vector f obtained bycolumn scanning F. Similarly, let the output image array be representedby the matrix P or the column-scanned vector p. For notational simplicity, in thesubsequent ... of the image array is given by(5.3-3)where the represent points of the image array. Similarly, the covariance functionof the image array is(5.3-4)CaseOperations(Multiply and Add)General...
... Linearity or nonlinearity of the quantization scale can Fjk,()1.0– Fjk,()1.0<≤L 2B= 1416 IMAGE QUANTIZATIONAny analog quantity that is to be processed by a digital computer or digital systemmust ... and typically have alarge dynamic range with fine precision. Integer numbers can be strictly positive orbipolar (negative or positive). The two's complement number system is commonlypg() ... to each sample. If image quality is to bejudged by an analytic measure, B is simply taken as the smallest value that satisfiesthe minimal acceptable image quality measure. For a subjective assessment,...
... G˜xy,()J˜xyα; β,,()G˜xy,() F˜αβ,()J˜x α– y β–,()αd βd∞–∞∫∞–∞∫=2J 1+()2J 1+()ìSGj1Sj2S,()Gxy,()xj1S yj2S,()=J jiJJxy,;,()*Px y, ()Px y, ()Gj1Sj2 S,()F,()Jj1Sj2S ... multiplying the impulseresponse by a window function V(x, y) , which is unity for and andzero elsewhere. By the Fourier convolution theorem, the Fourier spectrum of G(x, y) is equivalently convolved ... unifythe presentation, these arrays will be defined in terms of the spatially limited arraysconsidered previously. First, let the data array be embedded in theupper left corner of a array of...
... by Hart-ley in 1942 (21). The discrete two-dimensional Hartley transform is defined by thetransform pair(8.3-7a)(8.3-7b)where . The structural similarity between the Fourier and Hartleytransforms ... isusually based on computational efficiency. In some computing structures, the Hart-ley transform may be more efficiently computed, while in other computing environ-ments, the Fourier transform may ... usually at its geometric center. Similarly, the Fraunhofer diffraction pat-tern of a photographic transparency of transmittance produced by a coher-ent optical system has its zero-frequency term...
... B. Blackman and J. W. Tukey, The Measurement of Power Spectra, Dover Publica-tions, New York, 1958.12. J. F. Kaiser, “Digital Filters”, Chapter 7 in Systems Analysis by Digital Computer, F. F.Kuo ... Fourier transform of the window function y( x). If and are known analytically, then, in principle, can be obtainedby analytically performing the convolution operation of Eq. 9.4-8c and evaluatingthe ... nature; anoutput image array is produced by a weighted linear combination of elements of aninput array. The popularity of linear operations stems from the relative simplicity ofspatial linear processing...