molecular methods in geomicrobiology
geomicrobiology
... (1950) in acid coal mine drainage in the late 1940s and thought by these investigators and others to be directly involved in its formation by promoting oxidation of pyrite occurring as inclusions in ... became professor emeritus in 1994 but continues to be active in the department in pursuit of some scholarly work He began teaching a course in geomicrobiology in the spring semester of 1966 Dr ... plates bearing continental landmasses including Baltica (consisting of Russia, west of the Ural Mountains; Scandinavia; Poland; and Northern Germany), China, Gondwana, Kazakhstania (consisting of...
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study the substitution of fossil fuels by rdf produced from municipal solid waste of hanoi m.a thesis waste management and contaminated site treatment
... demand in all sectors Prices of electricity and gasoline - two main energy sources in Vietnam - are constantly increasing in recent years Clean and renewable energy has become an interesting topic ... 11.5%) Renewable energy used in power generation grew by 15.5%, driven by continued robust growth in wind energy (+22.7%) The increase in wind energy in turn was driven by China and the US, which together ... According to 2011 Beyond Petroleum (BP) report, natural gas prices in 2010 grew strongly in the UK and in markets indexed to oil prices (including much o f the world’s LNG); but prices remained...
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Effect of unsaturated fatty acid esters of biodiesel fuels on combustion, performance and emission characteristics of a DI diesel engine
... A Gopinath has completed master of engineering in internal combustion engineering with gold medal from College of Engineering, Guindy, Anna University Chennai, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India in 2008 ... bond introduces a kink into, and thereby distorts the linearity of, a run carbon- carbon single bonds It may be that this kinked configuration fosters intra- or inter- molecular interactions in ... further discussion, paying attention to the following points may offer a successful understanding on investigation findings ISSN 2076-2895 (Print), ISSN 2076-2909 (Online) ©2010 International Energy...
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Tài liệu LIQUID FOSSIL FUELS FROM PETROLEUM ppt
... using surface mining techniques When petroleum supplies become short, economic impetus therefrom will push completion of developments already well under way for mining, processing, and refining ... kin vise in Centistokes = 0.226 X SSU - 195/SSU, for SSU 32-100 kin vise in centistokes - 0.220 x SSU - 135/SSU, for SSU > 100 kin vise in centistokes = 2.24 X SSF - 184/SSF, for SSF 25-40 kin ... use influe-connectedburner applications and for use in wick-fed illuminating lamps Aviation Turbine Fuels 722 The most important requirements of aircraft jet fuel relate to freezing point,...
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Tài liệu FOSSIL FUELS: ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS doc
... spruce in the Adirondacks, the Green Mountains in Vermont and the White Mountains in New Hampshire have died in the past 25 years (see Scientific American of 8/88, “The Challenge of Acid Rain”) In ... rain ranges from less than 10% in Spain and France to more than 50% in the U.K (see Vital Signs 1993, Worldwatch Institute) Sulfur oxides are primarily responsible for acid rain Increases in ... combined with increasing sophistication in tracking and modelling air currents, has led to the realization that local air and water may be contaminated by pollutants emitted many miles away Indeed,...
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Use of Alternative Fuels in Cement Manufacture: Analysis of Fuel Characteristics and Feasibility for Use in the Chinese Cement Sector pdf
... fuel Chlorine is a problem in certain plastic varieties, particularly PVC (polyvinyl chloride) When incinerating chlorine-containing plastics, a bag filter can be used to capture the chlorine particles ... commercial painting operations (spent solvents, paint solids), metal cleaning fluids (solvent based mixtures, metal working and machining lubricants, coolants, cutting fluids), electronic industry ... fuel substitutes used in cement manufacturing in 2001 (Cement Sustainability Initiative 2005) The use of agricultural biomass residues in cement manufacturing is less common in industrialized countries...
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Estimating the burden of disease attributable to indoor air pollution from household use of solid fuels in South Africa in 2000 pdf
... developing acute respiratory infection (OR > 5) among those in wood- and coal-burning homes.27 In a recent re-analysis of SADHS 1998 data, exposure to cooking and heating smoke from polluting fuels ... (95% uncertainty interval 672 - 324) or 0.5% (95% uncertainty interval 0.3 - 0.6%) of all deaths in South Africa in 2000 As most indoor smoke-related respiratory disease events occurred in very young ... households using solid fuels for cooking or heating after taking into account the ventilation in the households (ventilation coefficient 0.6) August 2007, Vol 97, No SAMJ indoor air pollution-1.indd...
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Báo cáo y học: " Theoretical size distribution of fossil taxa: analysis of a null model" ppsx
... within an existing genus is of such a radical form as to qualify the new species as belonging to a completely new genus Thus the probabilty of a new genus being formed in an infinitesimal interval ... starting with a single species (the case of a genus beginning with n0 species is considered later in this section), subject to speciations at rate λ and background (individual) extinctions occurring ... yielding the asymptotic straight line when qn is plotted against n on logarithmic axes We note in passing that setting γ = in (19) does not yield the size distribution (as τ → ∞) of a single...
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ASTM D976 06 Standard Test Method for Calculated Cetane Index of Distillate Fuels
... Cetane Index in Test Method D976–80 and in this version (D976–06) of the test method are the same Equation for Calculated Cetane Index 4.1 The Calculated Cetane Index is determined from the following ... for estimating cetane number Due to inherent limitations in the equation’s application, Index values may not be a valid substitute for ASTM cetane numbers as determined in a test engine FIG Nomograph ... Substantial inaccuracies in correlation may occur if used for crude oils, residuals, or products having a volatility of below 500°F end point Report 6.1 Round and report the calculated cetane index...
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ASTM D4539 10 Standard Test Method for Filterability of Diesel Fuels by LowTemperature Flow Test (LTFT)
... containers graduated through 180 mL in 10 mL increments 5.3 Filtering Assembly (see Fig 1), including a storage lid or some other form of cover, glass tubing, flexible fuel resistant tubing, pinch ... into each specimen container and tightly cover the joint (Point A in Fig 1) and lid with aluminum foil to exclude condensation 8.5 Insert a temperature measuring device into one or more separate, ... following value only in one case in twenty Repeatability 27C (1) 10.1.2 Reproducibility—The difference between two single and independent results obtained by different operators working in different...
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ASTM D6079 11 Standard Test Method for Evaluating Lubricity of Diesel Fuels by the HighFrequency Reciprocating Rig (HFRR)
... glass with an aluminum foil-lined insert cap or a fully epoxy-lined metal container Store in dark area 7.4.2 Fluid B9—Low lubricity reference (Warning— Flammable Vapor harmful) Store in clean, borosilicate ... exceed the following value in only one case in twenty: Repeatability = 50 µm 15.1.2 The difference between two single and independent results obtained by different operators working in different ... wear scar in centered in the viewing field 12.3 Adjust the light intensity to obtain a clearly illuminated image 12.4 Adjust the microscope stage until the edges of the wear scar come into focus...
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Fossil Fuels
... ignition point is much higher In diesel engines the fuel is ignited not by a spark, as in gasoline engines, but by the heat of air compressed in the cylinder, with the fuel injected in a spray into ... The secondary stage involves the injection of gas or water into the well to maintain or increase the pressure Finally, tertiary recovery methods can be used; these involve the injection of natural ... the rings are various hydrocarbon compounds, including normal paraffin chains The mild heating of the kerogen in the oil window of a source rock over long periods of time results in the cracking...
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Sustainability of an energy conversion system in Canada involving large-scale integrated hydrogen production using solid fuels
... resources indicates the human effort involved in designing and maintaining the automated machines The ranking assigned for human resources may be higher during manufacturing, installation and maintenance ... Storage 70 Drying 60 Crushing/Grinding 50 In system transporting 40 Mixing of fuels, carrier gas Fuel handling processes 30 20 10 TECHNO‐CENTRIC SOCIO‐CENTRIC Figure Sustainability indices (%) ... objective in this work is to perform a qualitative sustainability assessment of such a system in Canada The steps in the analysis include the following: • Definition of qualitative sustainability indicators,...
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Alternate strategies for conversion of waste plastic to fuels
... http://www.hindawi.com Engineering Journal of Volume 2013 ISRN Mechanical Engineering Hindawi Publishing Corporation http://www.hindawi.com Hindawi Publishing Corporation http://www.hindawi.com ... that is, cross-linking often occurs in thermosetting plastics upon heating at high temperature in which two adjacent “stripped” polymer chains can form a bond resulting in a chain network (a higher ... Publishing Corporation http://www.hindawi.com Volume 2013 Solar Energy Advances in Mechanical Engineering Hindawi Publishing Corporation http://www.hindawi.com Volume 2013 Hindawi Publishing Corporation...
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Knut Einar Rosendahl (ed.) Social Costs of Air Pollution and Fossil Fuel Use – A Macroeconomic Approach pdf
... building of each main type In the following sections we will describe how we have derived at the figures outlined in point 3.4.2 Stock of materials at risk in Oslo In Oslo we have used the building ... regions 3.5.3 Maintenance prices For most materials in the analysis maintenance is in the form of cleaning and repainting Only galvanised steel wire, roofing felt and copper roofing are invariably ... pollution parameters also influence the costs of maintaining building capital A pertinent example in this context is soiling Deposition of dust and soot particles diminishes buildings' economic lifetime...
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Unconventional Fossil-Based Fuels potx
... evaluate the risk of investment Methods of Extracting and Upgrading Oil Sands As noted, oil sand–extraction techniques fall into one of two general categories: mining or in situ Mining is the method ... surface-mining operations, and they not lead to the creation of tailing ponds.19 However, surface-based drilling and supporting infrastructure (including roads, power lines, and pipelines) cause ... Trade-Offs Enhanced Oil Recovery In EOR operations, CO2 is used to increase production in certain oil fields in a method known as CO2 flooding In this process, CO2 is injected into a field at pressure,...
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Fossil Vertebrates of Arabia_2 potx
... north (the remaining part of the Arabian Plate) is pivotal in assessing faunal interchange in the Old ·world during the late Miocene This region forms the intersection of three continents and it ... browsers Of Museum, London) for extending the opportunity the specimens indicating a mixed grazing and brows to participate in palaeontological investigation in ing strategy, most of the isotopic ... bian Peninsula (Coleman, 199 3) ::-J o consensus northeastward inclination with considerable altitude exists regarding the initial stages of rifting in the along the western and southern margins...
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Fossil Vertebrates of Arabia_1 pot
... time to distinguish a body of fine interbedding of fine sand and muddy laminae that grained sandstones >vith well-defined, relatively have been deformed into wavy and cuspate folds, thin, mudstones ... Arab Emirates: Emirate) Designed by In House Production Company, Min neapolis, Minnesota, and set in Galliard type by The Clarinda Company, Clarinda Iowa Printed in the , United States of America ... deposited in an intracratonic basin with a semi-enclosed drainage system where rivers debouched into an inland described in Part III Sedimentary logs measured at sabkha o r p laya lake Changes in lake...
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