modern urban air pollution

Tài liệu Urban air pollution and emergency room admissions for respiratory symptoms: a case- crossover study in Palermo, Italy pdf

... associated with exposure to ambient air pollution. J Toxicol Environ Health A 2007, 70:227-242, Review.4. D’Amato G, Cecchi L, D’Amato M, Liccardi G: Urban air pollution andclimate change as environmental ... D: Acutesymptoms related to air pollution in urban areas: a study protocol. BMCPublic Health 2006, 6:218.14.Villeneuve PJ, Chen L, Rowe BH, Coates F: Outdoor air pollution andemergency department ... Vitale1AbstractBackground: Air pollution from vehicular traffic has been associated with respiratory diseases. In Palermo, thelargest metropolitan area in Sicily, urban air pollution is mainly addressed...

Tài liệu Urbanization and Urban Air Pollution pdf

Danh mục: Điện - Điện tử

... theCaribbeanHigh-incomecountries199510 URBANIZATION AND URBAN AIR POLLUTION Is it possible toreduce air pollution withoutslowing economicgrowth? 59still cause serious air pollution becausethey are ... 8001000Millions of urban residentsMiddle-income countriesLow-income countriesHigh-income countries10 URBANIZATION AND URBAN AIR POLLUTION 57indicators of the quality of the air thatpeople ... rough indication of the urban contri-bution to GDP is the combined share ofGDP produced in the industry and ser-Urbanization and Urban Air Pollution 1980 1995Figure 10.1 Urban population, 1980...

URBAN AIR POLLUTION: AN ANALYSIS OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL KUZNETS CURVE IN ASIAN CITIES docx

Danh mục: Điện - Điện tử

... age"%Stage 1 Air pollution concentrationStage 2Start ofindustrialdevelopmentInitiation ofemissionscontrolStabilizationof air qualityStage 3Stage 4Improvement of air qualityHigh ... developmentHighDevelopment of air pollution problems in cities according to development statusWHO Guideline ornational standardStage 0%Figure 2: Relationship between air pollution problems in cities ... development. As a city experiences development, the air pollution problems in the city increase rapidly, before stabilizing and declining as air pollution controls are implemented (Peters &...

PUBLIC PERCEPTIONS OF URBAN AIR POLLUTION WITH A FOCUS ON DEVELOPING COUNTRIES potx

Danh mục: Điện - Điện tử

... Estimates, Total Exposure as the Basisof Economic Valuation of Air Pollution in India, Indoor Air Pollution (in Health and Air Pollution in Rapidly Develop-ing Countries).East-West Center Working ... While urban air pollution continues to be a major risk in most parts of the world, very few studies and surveys have been conducted to systematically study public perceptions related to air pollution. ... public perceptions of air pollution and knowledge gaps are identified. The paper highlights unique characteristics of urban areas in developing countries in the context of air pollution related...

Urban Air Pollution and Climate Change as Environmental Risk Factors of Respiratory Allergy: An Update potx

Danh mục: Điện - Điện tử

Báo cáo " URBAN AIR POLLUTION IN CHINA: Current Status, Characteristics, and Progress " pdf

Danh mục: Báo cáo khoa học

Foundation Course on Air Quality Management in Asia: Urban Air Pollution in Asia potx

Danh mục: Điện - Điện tử

A Review of Transport and Urban Air Pollution in Pakistan: SYED ZAFAR ILYAS ppt

Danh mục: Điện - Điện tử

Energy Futures and Urban Air Pollution: Challenges for China and the United States Committee on pps

Danh mục: Điện - Điện tử

Tài liệu Air pollution removal by urban trees and shrubs in the United States pptx

Danh mục: Điện - Điện tử

... and pollution concentration data from across the coterminous United States demonstrates that urban trees remove large amounts of air pollution that consequently irnprove urban air quality. Pollution ... total annual air pollution removal by US urban trees estimated at 71 1,000 metric tons ($3.8 billion value). Pollution removal is only one of various ways that urban trees affect air quality. ... Nowak et al. / Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 4 (2006) 115-123 Table 3. Air pollution removal and value for all urban trees provide a viable means to improve air quality and help...

Combined household water treatment and indoor air pollution projects in urban Mambanda, Cameroon and rural Nyanza, Kenya ppt

Danh mục: Điện - Điện tử

... EfficacytrialsofMMSincludingemission,household air pollution levelsandfuelefficiency,andpossiblealterationstoimproveperformanceandreduce air pollution.  EpidemiologicalstudiesforbothWGandMMSusers(withappropriatecontrolgroups),asalongertermevaluationobjective.KENYACountrysituationKenyaisacountryof38.8millionpeople,ofwhich68%areclassifiedasrural(WHO/UNICEF,2010).Neonatalmortality(33/1000livebirths ... 322.4.2Improvedstoves:reductionofhouseholdsolidfuel air pollution PriorsituationTraditionally,three‐stone‐stoveswerethemostcommonlyusedinDouala.Theseconsistedofthreestonessurroundingafuelsource,typicallywoodorsawdust.Althoughinexpensive,thestovescausedsubstantial air pollution andconsumefuelinefficiently.Intherainyseason,peopleusuallyhavetocookindoors,orincoveredareasbytheirhouse,exacerbatingexposure.Sawdustandfirewoodwouldalsoincreaseinhumidityatthesetimes,releasingmoresmoke.Therainyseasonalsocausesincreasedcharcoaluse,whichismoreexpensive,andrequiresadifferentstove.Gasstoveswereusedbysomeresidents(oftenslightlywealthier).Whilethesegaveoffnosmoke,theywerethemostexpensive,andthedesignsusedbymostinDoualapresentedconsiderabledangersofburning.AsummaryoftheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofthevariousstovesisprovidedinTable2.3onthefollowingpage.Table2.3Advantages/disadvantagesofproductsavailableandpromotedinprojectareaCostProductStove ... analysisoffactorsfordemand/uptake.Assessingreasonsforpurchasing/notpurchasingoneormoreproducts.Thiscouldincludewillingness‐to‐pay,socioeconomicindicators,exposuretobehaviour‐changeactivities,technologicalbenefits,healthbenefits,etc.Exposureandhealth measurementofhousehold air pollution andexposurewithstovesineverydayuse 14project,however,thesestovesappeartobewell‐likedandwell‐used,andarereportedtosavewood,reducesmokeandtheconsequentirritation,cough,headaches,etc.,aswellasthelevelofsootinthekitchen.Womenhavere‐organisedtheirkitchensinresponsetothis,bringingpotsandotherutensilsmuchclosertothestove.Thereasonsforthisinconsistencybetweenfieldexperience(reportedreductionsinsmokeandirritation)andtestfindings(forPM2.5)arenotclear,asreductionsinambientkitchenPM2.5ofsomewherearound40‐50%(atleast)mightbeexpectedgiventhereportedimprovementsinthekitchenenvironment.Theprojectteamusedanestablishedprotocolandequipmentformakingthemeasurements.Informationonthenumbersofstovesadoptedineachcommunity,andhencelevel(%)ofuptake,wasnotreportedacrossthestudyareaoravailabletous(althoughthesedatashouldbeavailabletotheproject).Itisthereforenotpossibletocommentonwhetheradoptionhasmetthetargetsetintheprojectobjectives.Whileeffectivenessofthestovesremainsopentoquestionandwillbefurtherassessedoncethenewmeasurementresultsareavailable,themodelofpromotionandsaleofacook‐stoveproductthatiswell‐likedandusedisanimportantachievementandofvalueforthefutureoftheproject.SynergiesTheapproachofcombiningthepromotionanddeliveryofHWTSandHHEproductsmetwithacrosstheboardpositiveresponses.Itappearsmorecost‐effectivethanifthesameproductswerepromotedthroughseparateprogrammes.Combineddeliverymayalsoachievehighercompliance,butthisdoesneedfurtheranalysis.Therewerenosubstantiveconcernswithanyofthecriteriaidentifiedfromthebackgroundreviewpaper.ImpactonhealthoutcomesAnalysisoftheresultsoftheimpactsoftheinterventionsondiarrhoeaandpneumoniaincidenceisawaited.Itcanbeexpectedthatthereportedlevelofcompliancewithwatertreatmentwouldhavesomeimpactondiarrhoea,particularlywherethehigherlevelshavebeenreached.Ontheotherhand,theverymodestreductioninPM2.5levelsrecordedfortheUpesistovewouldnot(ifconfirmed)beexpectedtoleadtosubstantialreductionsinriskofpneumonia.SustainabilityandscalingupWithrespecttothetwolinkedissuesofsustainabilityandscaling‐uptheoutcomeoftheevaluationalsoispositive,althoughbothdependtosomedegreeatleastontheexistenceandmodusoperandiofSWAP.Thevendorsspokentosaidthattheywerecommittedtocontinuingtheirwork,evenifSWAPceasedoperations,butonlyiftheycouldstillobtaintheproducts.FromtheperspectiveoftheSWAPmanagement,thevendorsarestilldependentonSWAP’ssupportwithtraining,followupvisits,supplyofproducts,motivatingthemwithincentivesandsoon.SWAPitselfisalsostilldonordependent,andhasrecentlydevelopedabusinessplantoraiseitsownincome.However,giventhefactthatSWAPoperatesasimilarmethodologyacrossitswholeareaofoperationsfordeliveringthewatertreatment,ITNsandother(original)setofproducts,itdoesseemreasonabletoassumethatdeliveryoftheseplusthestoveswouldalsobepossibleacrossthismuchlargerarea.Todate,scalingupoftheimprovedstovesacrossthiswiderareahasbeenveryslow,duetotheneedtoscaleupproduction,andalsofortrainingofinstallers.Considerationalsoneeds...

Reducing Air Pollution from Urban Transport doc

Danh mục: Điện - Điện tử

... efforts toreduce urban air pollution. Chapter 2 discusses theimpacts of the principal urban air pollutants, and howto assess the contribution of transport to poor urban air quality. It concludes ... varies1Emissions in harbors, inland waterways, and airports canhave a marked impact on urban air pollution. xxii REDUCING AIR POLLUTION FROM URBAN TRANSPORTand serviced, if cheaper but lower-quality ... Approach to Controlling Urban Air Pollution from Mobile SourcesTo assess the seriousness of transport-related air pol-lution and enable informed decisionmaking to com-bat air pollution, it is useful...

Air Pollution Prevention Through Urban Heat Island Mitigation: An Update on the Urban Heat Island Pilot Project ppt

Danh mục: Điện - Điện tử

... Ozone Air Quality in theSouth Coast Air Basin." Atmospheric Environment 31: 1667-1676.Taha, H. and A. Meier. 1997. "Mitigation of Urban Heat Islands: Meteorology, Energy, and Air QualityImpacts." ... on current energy use and air quality. As the next step, UHIPP seeks todetermine what the potential is for each of the cities to reduce air temperature and related air pollution through the widespread ... variable to examine is air temperature. This variable is critical in identifying urban heat islands (if any) and assessing the energy-use and air- quality benefits of urban heat island mitigation...

Enhancement of Local Air Pollution by Urban CO2 Domes docx

Danh mục: Điện - Điện tử

Spatial modelling of air pollution in urban areas with GIS: a case study on integrated database development doc

Danh mục: Điện - Điện tử

Air Pollution Control in the Transportation Sector: Third Phase Research Report of the Urban Environmental Management Project pdf

Danh mục: Điện - Điện tử

The “advantage of latecomer” in abating air-pollution: the East Asian experience

Danh mục: Quản trị kinh doanh

... Air pollution (Ô nhiễm không khí) Environmental management (Sự quản lý môi trường) “Advantage of late comer” (Li th ca ngi đi sau) EKC and Air pollution Kinh nghiệm ... mô hình nghiên cứu của đề tài * Mô hình lý thuyết: Air pollution (Ô nhiễm không khí) Environmental management (Sự quản lý môi trường) “Advantage ... CHÍ MINH KHOA ĐÀO TẠO SAU ĐẠI HỌC ĐỀ TÀI The “advantage of latecomer” in abating air- pollution: the East Asian experience Môn: Phương pháp nghiên cứu Khoa học Lớp: K20...

AIR POLLUTION

Danh mục: Tiếng anh

... examples of air pollution in nature? - burn garbage× B. QUESTIONS- What does clean air provide us with?- (Clean air provides us with) a healthy supply of oxygen.1. What / clean air / provide ... and decide what we should do (Ì) and what we shouldn’t do (×) to reduce air pollution: 3. What / some examples / air pollution/ nature?- They are dust storms, volcanic eruptions, forest ... the only sources of air pollution in cities?- No, they aren’t. Some other sources are industry, and home heating.4. automobiles/ garbage disposal/ only/ sources / air pollution / cities?...

Management of air pollution

Danh mục: Môi trường

Tài liệu CHAPTER 65 AIR POLLUTION-CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES C. A. Miller United States Environmental Protection ppt

Danh mục: Kĩ thuật Viễn thông

Xem thêm

Bạn có muốn tìm thêm với từ khóa:

Tìm thêm: xác định các mục tiêu của chương trình xác định các nguyên tắc biên soạn khảo sát các chuẩn giảng dạy tiếng nhật từ góc độ lí thuyết và thực tiễn khảo sát chương trình đào tạo của các đơn vị đào tạo tại nhật bản khảo sát chương trình đào tạo gắn với các giáo trình cụ thể xác định thời lượng học về mặt lí thuyết và thực tế điều tra với đối tượng sinh viên học tiếng nhật không chuyên ngữ1 khảo sát thực tế giảng dạy tiếng nhật không chuyên ngữ tại việt nam khảo sát các chương trình đào tạo theo những bộ giáo trình tiêu biểu phát huy những thành tựu công nghệ mới nhất được áp dụng vào công tác dạy và học ngoại ngữ mở máy động cơ lồng sóc mở máy động cơ rôto dây quấn hệ số công suất cosp fi p2 đặc tuyến hiệu suất h fi p2 đặc tuyến mômen quay m fi p2 đặc tuyến tốc độ rôto n fi p2 đặc tuyến dòng điện stato i1 fi p2 sự cần thiết phải đầu tư xây dựng nhà máy phần 3 giới thiệu nguyên liệu chỉ tiêu chất lượng 9 tr 25