... As is the absorbance in the presence ofthe sample and H2 O2 , A0 is the absorbance ofthe control in the absence ofthe sample and H2 O2 , and A is the absorbance only in the presence ofthe H2 ... the change speed of absorbance ofthe control group in the superoxide anion generation system and B is the change speed of absorbance ofthe test sample Vc was used as a positive control in the ... the 4000–400 cm−1 region 2.8 Scavenging effect on hydroxyl radicals The ability ofthe TMP-A to scavenge hydrogen peroxide was determined according to themethodof Smirnoff and Cumbes [17] The...
... the absent ofthe N–H absorption band at 3400 cm–1 and the presence ofthe C=O stretching band at 1600 cm–1, whereas in compounds (a) and (d), the presence of N–H stretching and the absence of ... used for the preparation ofthe derivatives (b–f) (Schemes and 3) The structures ofthe compounds were elucidated by IR, 1H NMR, mass spectroscopy and elemental analysisThe IR spectra of compounds ... may enhance the stability ofthe nitrogen centred radical due to the electron conjugation effect The absence of N– Evaluation of In Vitro Antioxidant Activity 88 H group in the other compounds...
... be a bioisostere ofthe hydrogen-bonding H donor properties ofthe phenolic OH group in dopamine agonists Based on the above, we synthesized PBIA In the present work, we tested the derivative (Figure ... hypothesized that it might be capable of penetrating the blood-brain barrier in a considerable degree Additionally, the presence ofthe tosyl group might shift the agonistic activity to that of ... antioxidant activity Figure The Ugo-Basile activity cage (type 7401) The Ugo-Basile activity cage (type 7401) Materials and Methods Synthesis of TPBIA Key step ofthe synthesis was a Mukaiyama type...
... the initial steps ofthe signaling cascade of LPS induced NO production, but it is still not clear, whether it is directly inhibiting the activity of iNOS enzyme or it is suppressing the synthesis ... indirect method to measure the accumulated nitrite in the culture supernatant, which reflects the concentration of released nitric oxide The EC50 value of isolated compound (concentration of sample ... radical species, could be because ofthe difference in the electron potential of these free radical species [38] Further, the Fe induced lipid peroxidation in presence of ascorbic acid, is an example...
... antioxidant, i.e the control, was measured daily Special care was taken to minimize the loss of free radical activity ofthe DPPH radical stock solution.24 Percent inhibition ofthe DPPH radical by the samples ... used on the day of preparation In the FRAP assay, the antioxidant efficiency ofthe antioxidant tested was calculated with reference to the reaction signal given by an Fe2+ solution of known ... (1 – AT/AC) ´ 100 where AC is the absorbance value ofthe fully oxidized control and AT is the absorbance ofthe test sample Determination of Oxidative Stability of Fat (RANCIMAT) A Rancimat 743...
... Huey Lee Then, the author wishes to express her gratitude to Professor Bay Boon Huat ofthe Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and Associate Professor Heng Chew Kiat ofthe Department ... repeated the work of Von Mering and Minkowski but went a step further to show the reversal of diabetic symptoms in the dogs by giving them an extract from the pancreatic islets of Langerhans of healthy ... Brownlee USA 35 Highlighting the importance ofthe pancreas in the disease pathology of diabetes Discovery and the isolation of insulin for the treatment of diabetes The distinction between type...
... mg/mL) In the hydroxyl radical scavenging assay, the activity ofthe leaf fraction was greater than that ofthe other fractions but lower than that of ascorbic acid The green fruit had the highest ... glucose [35] In the DPPH radical scavenging assay, the activity ofthe positive control, ascorbic acid, was the highest (200 mg/mL), followed by the leaf, the green fruit, the stem, and the ripe fruit ... followed by the leaf (167 mg/mL), the stem (267 mg/mL), and the ripe fruit (173 mg/mL) [37] Bio-guided fractionation ofthe methanol extract of M charantia dried gourds led to the isolation of 11 compounds...
... in the shape of erythrocytes is the spherocytes formation in the presence of primaquine These observations are supported by the work done by Prasanthi et al., in 2005 which reported that the ... changes ofthe RBC membrane when they are subjected to osmotic stress [32] In the present study, the susceptibility of erythrocytes to hemolysis in presence of primaquine was greater than that of control ... for the increased fragility of primaquine treated erythrocytes Furthermore, free radicals can overwhelm the capacity of antioxidants enzymes to maintain and keep up the membrane integrity [34] The...
... activity Themethod is based on the discoloration ofthe yellowish color of a b-carotene solution due to the breaking of p-conjugation by the addition of lipid peroxyl radical (LOO•) generated from the ... mixture of fullerene oxide C60On.1 The dotted line indicates the value in the absence The C60On, instead of C60O2 due to the difficulty in availability, was used to investigate the effect ofthe number ... clarify the reason for the significant effect ofthe pin-up oxygen on the antioxidant activity of C60, we calculated the energy level of LUMO and HOMO for the C60, C60O, and C60O2 as well as the energy...
... component ofthe study was carried out in the Health Effects Assessment Laboratory (HEAL) in the Department of Environmental Health Sciences ofthe Bloomberg School of Public Health The purpose of this ... for the week prior to, and for the duration of, the 3-week study period One subject was removed from the study after the initial nasal lavage indicated the presence of very high numbers of leukocytes ... investigate the effects ofthe oil preparation on the global system of antioxidant genes induced within the respiratory epithelium by the Nrf2 transcription factor, representative gene targets of Nrf2...
... the decrease of Anthocyanin concentration The reason of decreasing AA% was the decline of 14 Anthocyanin molecular through dilutions The result of antioxidant activity was shown in table 6, the ... range The color of Anthocyanin solution changed through the pH range from to 14 as shown on the figure The rising of pH from an initial point of to witnessed the stable color of Anthocyanin with ... indicator papers In the situation of Vietnamese food safety in recently, the use of food preservatives are widely beside borax and NaOH, therefore, the ability of variable identification of indicators...
... have not yet been addressed The first question is whether the expression level for RIZ1 varies over the progression of cancer; and the second question is whether the PR domain alone possesses ... described below; and the cell death rate was examined by the trypan blue method after 24 and 48 hr of transfections, respectively Western blot of PR domain The expression ofthe PR domain was examined ... mediate the translocation of PR domain into the cells To ensure the presence of PR domain within the cells, we transfected HuH7 cells with a plasmid (pcDNA/HisMax/PR) expressing the PR domain The...
... nitrifying biofilm After reaching the steady-state condition, microprofiles of NH4+, NO2-, NO3-, and O2 in the biofilms were measured by use of microsensors, and the spatial distributions of in situ ... determined The relationship between the spatial organization of nitrifying bacterial populations and the in situ activity of these populations within the biofilms was discussed Microsensors For analysis ... performed Fixation and Cryosectioning of Biofilm Samples Biofilm samples were taken at regular time intervals during the periods ofthe biofilm development The biofilm samples were fixed with freshly...
... around the photocatalyst and were able to penetrate the outer layer of bacteria These reactive species oxidized the membrane and broke the main permeability barrier of bacteria The slow leakage of ... on the photocatalyst surface Thus, increasing the UV intensity directly should enhance the oxidation efficiency of photocatalyst Because ofthe limitation on adding UV lamp in the reactor of ... main reason of cell death The cell wall destruction was only a secondary phenomenon after the loss of cell viability In the application of PCO for disinfection of water, photocatalyst is the major...
... for the validity ofthe approach To the best of our knowledge, the other four proteins have never been suggested as possible targets for MA Nevertheless, there is compelling evidence ofthe connection ... in the processing of apicoplast protein leader sequence Inhibition of any of these activities could contribute to MA interference in the maturation ofthe parasite Polypharmacology of MA The ... functionality ofthe vacuole as a result ofthe accumulation of partially hydrolysed peptides, leading to the accumulation of uncleaved globin [39] The possible effect, either direct or indirect, of MA...
... distinct functions of TorD with the folding of TorA and possible interactions of both proteins with the MGD biosynthetic apparatus [12] The concentration of GTP in the cytoplasm of an exponentially ... a result of its structural similarity to nucleotide cofactors Specifically-bound proteins are then normally eluted by the application of either an amount of cofactor or by increasing the ionic ... column, 2.3 mg ofthe TorDBlue protein harbouring all ofthe GTPase activity was recovered Further analysisofthe two different TorD pools by SDS–PAGE and native PAGE suggested that the key difference...
... initiation of apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway The key event in the mitochondrial pathway is the release of proapoptotic factors from the mitochondrial intermembrane space into the cytosol, ... release of cytochrome c and second mitochondria-derived activator of caspase (Smac ⁄ DIABLO) allows for the formation ofthe apoptosome, a complex that enables the activation of caspases within the ... version of Itch together with Bid or tBid fused to green fluorescent protein (GFP) at the C-terminus We then immunoprecipitated FLAG–Itch and looked for the presence of GFP fusions in the immunoprecipitated...
... X-ray analysisof tandem MIT domains of calpain and IST1 MIM elements, should clarify these issues in the future Although the physiological role of human calpain is still unknown, the presence of ... the linker region between the MIT domains of calpain is much shorter than that of Vta1 (five residues versus 21 residues), it is not certain whether the same theory applies to calpain 7, but the ... shown in Fig 9A, the effect of coexpression with FLAG–IST1 on the generation of 30 K was not so obvious regarding the ratio of precursor (arrow) and 30 K (open triangle) On the other hand, coexpression...
... position 13 ofthe other subunit [25,26], yielding a covalently bridged dimer The 4170 oxidized and reduced forms ofthe Y74C mutant had very different thermal stabilities While the stability ofthe ... and in the presence of denaturants [27] Extending these studies, we examine here the effect of increasing the bulk ofthe residue at position 74 Surprisingly, the Y74W mutant exhibited loss of both ... to the WT* enzyme There are two possible reasons for the low activity ofthe Y74W* mutant: (a) introduction ofthe bulkier residue at the interface in place of a tyrosine may destabilize the...