... the shape variations within a population are used in a variety of applications of medical image analysis, such as model-guided segmentation, statistical shape analysis and probabilistic atlasing ... shape analysis is to provide a probabilistic description of shapes, a quantitative measurement of shape variation and a classification of shapes according to the variation mode Statistical shape ... pronounced anatomical variations among the subjects Statistical shape analysis of medical images aims to study the various statistical quantities of these variations The main objective of statistical...
... candidates for each character as well as a score ranging from to 100 that represents the certainty of the first candidate In fact, we know nothing about the algorithm and the training dataof the ... Implementation and evaluation of post-processing for japanese document readers Transaction of Information Processing Society of Japan, 30(11):1394-1401 (In Japanese) Xiang Tong and David A Evans 1996 ... the probability mass D(c~) based on character shape similarity computed from feature vectors First, we made an appropriate number of character classes in which similar characters are gathered...
... the appearance of the CEFR, FFL textbooks have undergone a kind of standardisation and their levels have been clarified It is thus feasible to gather a large number of documents already labelled ... our classification problem From a statistical perspective, this variable may be considered as a nominal, ordinal, or interval variable, each levelof measurement being linked to a particular regression ... correlation coefficient, prediction accuracy as defined by Tan et al (2005), and adjacent accuracy Adjacent accuracy is defined by Heilman et al (2008) as “the proportion of predictions that were within...
... means we have atoms arranged in a regular crystalline lattice and each atom acts as a magnetic dipole because it has an unpaired electron M.J.D.Mallett@ukc.ac.uk 14/02/2001 83 scisyhP lacitsitatS ... thermodynamic and the statistical mechanical aspects Suppose we have a reversible heat engine that absorbs heat Q from a hot reservoir at a temperature T and discards heat Q into a cold reservoir at a ... heat capacity ofa material is defined as the limiting ration of the heat, Q, absorbed, to the rise in temperature, ∆T, of the material It is a measure of the amount of heat required to increase...
... compDataSource.AddDataSource(datasource1); compDataSource.AddDataSource(datasource2); compDataSource.AddDataSource(datasource3); compDataSource.RemoveDataSource(datasource1); allDataSources = compDataSource.GetDataSources( ... this case, myDatasource is the datasource name, and the false parameter specifies that this datasource is not replacing a datasource with the same name Once a datasource is registered with the component ... @mozilla.org/rdf/datasource;1?name=in-memorydatasource @mozilla.org/rdf/datasource;1?name=internetsearch @mozilla.org/rdf/datasource;1?name=ispdefaults @mozilla.org/rdf/datasource;1?name=local-store @mozilla.org/rdf/datasource;1?name=localsearch...
... resides in the datasource The RDF/XML data that was in the string is a part of the datasource and ready for use (just like any other RDF data in a datasource) The uri acts as a base reference ... sink.addXMLSinkObserver(observer); The events are then triggered automatically when the datasource is loaded up with data, allowing you to create handlers that manipulate the data as it appears ... document.getElementById('tree-template'); tree.database.AddDataSource(someDatasource); // tree will now update its display to show contents tree.database.RemoveDataSource(someDatasource); // tree will now be empty // Optional,...
... manifest format that alerts Mozilla of the presence of an overlay, its target in the Mozilla application, and the package of which it is a part Example 10-16 Overlay for a sample application menu ... an RDF file in the chrome area Note that both a and a , which display the same data in different ways, will be updated with the same datasource The onload function is called after ... Mozilla They can be added seamlessly because RDF provides a platform-like environment that facilitates the installation and use of new Mozilla software All packages, including the ones that come...
... biological, chemical, radiological, and nuclear agents by enabling access to the best available medical countermeasures when there are no adequate, approved, and available alternatives Although ... York DAMON ARNOLD, Association of State and Territorial Health Officials, Arlington, VA GEORGES BENJAMIN, American Public Health Association, Washington, DC D W CHEN, Office of Assistant Secretary ... developing and enhancing partnerships; (5) opportunities to increase seasonal vaccination rates among pregnant women and healthcare workers and to increase acceptance of live attenuated nasal spray vaccine;...
... reader that our two algorithms are aimed at small datasets We randomly split each dataset into 10 subsets where each subset was a test set and the corresponding remaining sets were merged to a ... change for increasing dataset sizes In Table 1b we show results for P ROMODES -H Across the datasets precision stays comparatively constant around a mean of 0.6949 whereas the recall increases ... changed our experimental setup Instead of dividing datasets during 10-fold cross-validation into training and test subsets with the ratio of 9:1 we randomly split the data into training, validation...
... significantly Bear in mind that Charniak et al (2003) integrated Charniak’s language model with the syntaxbased translation model Yamada and Knight proposed (2001) to rescore a tree-to-string translation ... Association of Computational Linguistics (ACL), 124-131 E Charniak, K Knight and K Yamada 2003 Syntaxbased language models for statistical machine translation MT Summit IX., Intl Assoc for Machine ... W and every possible binary parse T The terminals of T are the words of W with POS tags, and the nodes of T are annotated with phrase headwords and non-terminal labels Let W be a sentence of...
... short passages The smoothed unigram classifier is also more generalizable, since it can be trained on any collection ofdata Traditional measures such as Dale-Chall and Lexile are based on static ... corpora Approach Existing reading level measures are inadequate due to their reliance on vocabulary lists and/or a superficial representation of syntax Our approach uses ngram language models as a low-cost ... translation We also use a standard statistical parser (Charniak, 2000) to provide syntactic analysis In practice, a teacher is likely to be looking for texts at a particular level rather than...
... bag(x) A TELIC(bag)(y,x)] = Ax[cotton(y) A bag(x) A contain(y, x)] 2We formalise this with typed default feature structures (Lascarides et al, 1996) Schemata can be regarded formally as lexical/grammar ... be attached to awitha rhetorical relation, where a is part of the discourse structure r already (i.e., (r, a, 2) holds) and is a subtype ofa which by Subtype means that o's event is a subtype ... range of compounds and indicates conventional interpretations, but that some compounds may only be resolved by pragmatics and that non-conventional contextual interpretations are always available...
... intensity and the short interest rate can be viewed as a generalization ofa particular case of the Lando’s (1998) approach, and can also be seen as a generalization ofa particular case of the Duffie and ... numerically the impact of interestrate and default-intensity correlation on calibration and pricing We also introduced an analytical approximation based on a Gaussian dependence mapping for some basic ... some amplified λ parameters, increasing stochasticity The Gaussian mapping approximation, even in the case of increased randomness, remains well within a small fraction of the CDS bid-ask spread...
... Alto Lee, L S et al (1990) A Mandarin Dictation Machine Based Upon A Hierarchical Recognition Approach and Chinese Natural Language Analysis, IEEE Trans on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, ... can the features of the grammatical and statistical approaches be combined, but the effects of the two different approaches are reflected and integrated in a single algorithm such that overall ... grammar (Sheiber, 1986; Chien, 199 0a) and a first-order Markov language model (Jelinek, 1976) and thus, combines many features of the grammatical and statistical language modeling approaches...
... Machine translation witha stochastic grammatical channel In Proceedings of ACL’98, pages 1408–1414, Montreal, Canada Kenji Yamada and Kevin Knight 2001 A syntaxbased statistical translation model ... statistical machine translation In Proceedings of the EMNLP and VLC, pages 20–28, University of Maryland, Maryland S Sato 1992 CTM: an example-based translation aid system using the character-based match ... ofa set of transducers that encode a simple grammar The transducers are automatically constructed: they reflect common patterns of usage at levels of abstractions that are higher than the words...
... to obtain the heat capacity at constant volume ofa monatomic ideal gas: CV = N k (monatomic ideal gas) (2.28) Note that the heat capacity at constant volume of an ideal gas is independent of the ... transition between a ferromagnetic state and a paramagnetic state We will focus on three classes of models – the ideal classical and quantum gas, classical systems of interacting particles, and the Ising ... the average heat capacity is given by the ratio Q average heat capacity = (2.26) T2 − T1 The value of the heat capacity depends on what constraints are imposed We introduce the heat capacity at...