... Introduction A majority of human languages including Indian and other languages have relatively freeword or- der. tn freewordorder languages, order of words contains only secondary information ... signed for freewordorder languages) compares well in asymptotic time complexity with the parser for context free grammars (CFGs) which are basically designed for positional languages. 1 ... (designed for freewordorder languages) com- pares well in asymptotic time complexity with the parser for context free grammars (CFGs) which are basically designed for positional lan- guages....
... Government- Binding theory (GB) (Chomsky, 1981, 1982), for a par- ticular free- wordorder language, Warlpiri, an aboriginal language of central Australia. The parser is explicitly de- signed to ... marked with absolutive and dative cases, will fill the object posi- tions. 63 PARSING A FREE- WORDORDER LANGUAGE: WARLPIRI Michael B. Kashket Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Massachusetts ... Institute of Technology 545 Technology Square, room 823 Cambridge, MA 02139 ABSTRACT Free- wordorder languages have long posed significant problems for standard parsing algorithms. This paper...
... Processing Partially FreeWord Order* Hans Uszkoreit Artificial Intelligence Center SRI International 333 Ravenswood Avenue Menlo Park, CA 94025 Abstract The partially freewordorder in German ... role of pragmatics in governing wordorder is much greater than in English while the role syntax plays is greater than in some of the so-called free- word- order languages like Warlpiri. The German ... of the sentence~ 3 The interaction of ordering variability and pragmatics can be found in many languages and not only in so-called free- word- order languages. Consider the following two English...
... domains for word- order acquisition modeling. # parameters # lan- guages Tree struc-ture? Language properties Gibson & Wexler (1994) 3 8 Not fully specified Word order, V2 ... models of natural language acquisition. 2 The Language Domain Database The focus of the language domain database, (hereafter LDD), is to make readily available the different wordorder patterns ... sentential word orders that children typically encounter in the period from 1-1/2 to 2-1/2 years; the period generally accepted by psycholinguists to be when children establish the correct word order...
... go to the cinema? 10. Both sentences are correct.Questions 1 Page 3 Word Order In Affirmative Sentences1. Arrange the words to make affirmative sentences. Place time expressions at the end ... have seen that film. (never) / (before) → I have never seen that film before.In questions, the wordorder subject-verbs-object is the same as in affirmative sentences. The only thing that’s different ... piano→ He did not play the piano in the bar last week. not / now / she / in England / is→ She is not in England now. eat / in winter / ice-cream / do / not / I→ I do not eat ice-cream in...
... Spanish wordorder is like English wordorder in that the subject precedesthe verb that precedes the object: Juan lee el libro – John reads the book.However, theflexibility of the Spanish language ... sentences,questions of balance, the need to avoid clumsiness, short words as opposed to long words,use of punctuation, repetition – the list is endless.Thefirst feature to notice in Spanish wordorder is that ... que Thephysician/doctor told him that hemust stay in bed2.6 Wordorder with the reflexive seFurther examples of variety in wordorder involving the reflexive, and untranslatable,se.This is probably...
... order. Explanations and Exercises Word Order in Positive Sentences Word Order in Negative Sentences Word Order in Subordinate ClausesPosition of Time ExpressionsPosition of Adverbs Word Order in ... a dog → 10. must / the book / read / you →Exercises on English WordOrder Word Order in affirmative Sentences 2Arrange the words to make affirmative sentences. Place time expressions at the ... correct. Word Order in English SentencesIn the English language there are no different forms for subjects and objects. To keep subject and object apart, however, we have to stick to the word order. Explanations...
... order. Explanations and Exercises Word Order in Positive Sentences Word Order in Negative Sentences Word Order in Subordinate ClausesPosition of Time ExpressionsPosition of Adverbs Word Order in ... now. Word Order in English SentencesIn the English language there are no different forms for subjects and objects. To keep subject and object apart, however, we have to stick to the word order. Explanations ... / in England / is→ 9. eat / in winter / ice-cream / do / not / I→ 10.right now / have / not / we / time / do→ Word Order in Subordinate ClausesIn subordinate clauses, the wordorder is...
... ofwords in a translation, and deciding the order of thepredicted words. For some language pairs, such asEnglish and Japanese, the ordering problem is es-pecially hard, because the target word ... N-Best orders.13First-pass modelsModel BLEU1 best 30 bestLang Model (Permutations) 58.8 71.2Lang Model (TargetProjective) 83.9 95.0Local Tree Order Model 75.8 87.3Local Tree Order Model + Lang ... es-pecially hard, because the target wordorder differssignificantly from the source word order. Previous work has shown that it is useful to modeltarget language order in terms of movement of syn-tactic...
... similarmechanisms.11 IntroductionThe aim of this article is to describe the word order of German verbs and their comple-ments. German wordorder is not free, butbased on fairly simple rules, forming what isusually ... that it is fun-damental to our approach that syntacticstructure does not include word order. To get the words in order, we group them in ahierarchy of phrases. The nature and the posi-tion of ... other languages in this formalism, con-figurational languages such as English orFrench, as well as languages such as Russianwhere the surface order is mainly determinedby the communicative structure....