... POS Tagging, andDependency Parsing Based on the jointPOStaggingand dependency parsing model by Hatori et al. (2011), we build our joint model to solve word segmentation, POS tag-ging, anddependency ... andPOStagging accuracies by more than1% inChinese (Zhang and Clark, 2008). In addition,some researchers recently proposed a joint approach toChinesePOStagginganddependencyparsing (Liet ... Miyao, and Jun’ichi Tsujii. 2011. IncrementaljointPOS tagging anddependencyparsingin Chinese. In Proceedingsof the Fifth International Joint Conference on NaturalLanguage Processing (IJCNLP-2011).Liang...
... Chi-nese and Japanese wordsegmentationandPOS tag-ging, in which word- based and character-based pro-cessing is combined, andwordsegmentationand POS tagging are conducted simultaneously. In themethod, ... compos-ing words (Figure 2, A). In the method, POS tagging of unknown words is conducted at thesame time as wordsegmentationandPOS tag-217 Figure 1: WordSegmentationand Known WordPOSTagging ... con-ducting unknown wordPOStagging (Ng and Low,2004): Word- based Post-Processing MethodThis method receives results of word segmen-tation and known wordPOS tagging, and pre-dicts POS tags...
... tasks, and experimental results show thatour approach can bring significant improvements to the baseline phrase-based SMT system in both pre-ordering and integrated decoding settings. In the ... converted todependency trees us-ing Stanford Parser (Marneffe et al., 2006). We con-vert the tokens in training data to lower case, and re-tokenize the sentences using the same tokenizerfrom ... feature representing the tree node t and its child ci, and wjis the corresponding featureweight.3 Ranking Model Training To learn ranking function in Equation (1), we need to determine the feature...
... comprehensive in its scope,embedded into routine activities and dynamic bybeing responsive to changing circumstances. This approach will enable a risk managementinitiative to deliver outputs, including ... onorganisations to report externally. Increasingly,these external reports are produced in response to mandatory requirements related to riskmanagement and internal control, such as Turnbull and Sarbanes-Oxley. ... beconsidered to be part of the supportingframework. Reporting and disclosure are only very brieflymentioned in ISO 31000 and they are not included in the process shown in Figure 3. Also, themonitoring...
... sector is good at managing risk. There is no bigger risk than the risk to the environment. Therefore business needs to play a proactive role in reversing this trend and minimising their business ... prices, inability to expand production, loss of competitiveness, cost increases, damage to the brand name and loss of community and investor confidence. These consider-ations will demand a proactive ... are set to rise over and above in ation. In the United Kingdom in the year 2006/2007, the average price increases 6.5% inclusive of in ation. Historically water prices have been set to recover...
... learning. In Proceedings of the Eigh-teenth International Conference on Machine Learning.Hua Yu. 2000. Unsupervised Word Induction usingMDL Criterion. In Proceedings of the InternationalSymposium ... Algorithm for SegmentationandWord Discov-ery. Machine Learning, (34):71–105.Jimming Cheng and Michael Mitzenmacher. 2005. TheMarkov Expert for Finding Episodes in Time Series. In Proceedings of ... unsupervised segmentation. The results shown in Table 3 were obtained using the first 100,000words of the Chinese Gigaword corpus (Huang,2007), written inChinese characters. The word boundaries...
... prohibitions against trading, mixing, and comparing allow people to set things apart as priceless, pure, and incomparable. Where Tetlock expands the price/priceless binary to include comparable /incomparable ... understand singularity to inhere in the thing itself, things often pass from one status to the other and back. Many religious traditions have prescribed methods for sacralizing (consecrat-ing) and ... attaching a price to something, we can see how pricing, mixing, and comparison are re-lated. First and most basically, setting a price means specifying the value of a thing in relation to other...
... us a total of 71machine learning features per word. We specify awindow of two words preceding and following thecurrent word, using all 71 features for each word in this 5 -word window. In addition, ... POS tagging, and we believe our resultsare the best published to date for tokenization of nat-urally occurring input (in undiacritized orthography) and POS tagging. We intend to apply our approach ... conjunction prefix (++w and ) and a pronominal possessive suffix ( + +y ‘my’). In our approach, tokenizing and morphologically tagging (including part-of-speech tagging) are thesame operation,...
... 2004 Business Insights According to Janine Wilson, an independent nutritionist based in the UK: “The rising levels of obesity are due to a combination of factors but food and drinks companies ... options and marketing streams based on a firm understanding of the major consumer health concerns influencing purchasing decisions and eating habits. Identifying the main health-related issues influencing ... want to live longer, healthier and happier and often turn to food and drink products for the answers. Consumers are increasingly refer to nutrition instead of, or as well as, medicine in an...
... monitoring data to characterize exposure to air pollution and self-reported morbidity data will result in measurementerror that introduces uncertainties into the interpreta-tion of findings. ... age,body mass index (BMI), smoking status, and exercisestatus. Age was divided into categories starting withrespondents’ ages 18 to 30 and continuing with ten yearintervals up to age 60. A final category ... demonstrated to interact with exposu re to air pollution in predictio n ofasthma and allergi c rhini tis [71], suggesting the possiblecumulative contribution of allergy and regional climatevariation to...
... ComputingMeaning, volume 3. Kluwer.Raquel Fern´andez, Jonathan Ginzburg, and Shalom Lappin.2004b. Classifying ellipsis in dialogue: A machine learn-ing approach. In Proceedings of COLING 2004, ... described in (Kohavi and John, 1997; Strube and Măuller,2003): we start with training a model using a base-line set of features, and then add each remainingfeature individually, recording the gain ... (f (0.5), to be precise)), and choosing thebest-performing feature, incrementally until no fur-ther gain is recorded. All individual training- and evaluation-steps are performed using 8-fold...