... subjectsoccurring in the training data. In addition, reach-ing a precision of 92.0% for explicit subjects us-ing just 20% of the training data is far more ex-pensive in terms of the number of training in- stances ... 2005.Identifying non-referential it: a machine learningapproach incorporating linguistically motivated pat-terns. In Proceedings of the ACL Workshop on Fea-ture Engineering for Machine Learning in NaturalLanguage ... plateau using 90% of thetraining instances. Using different ordering of thetraining set we obtain the same result.Figure 1 (right) presents the precision for eachclass and overall in relation...
... SoftwareAccuracyBaseline Transductive SVM Self-trainingCo-training with random views Co-training and single classifier Co-training and combined classifier Using 5% labeled data as training data0.690.7470.5840.5250.670.6530.6260.550.5640.6830.4950.6150.86750.78550.70.6010.450.550.650.750.85BookDVDElectronicKitchenHealthNetworkPetSoftwareAccuracyUsing ... where baseline indicates the supervised classifier 3f trained on the 10% data; both co-training and single classifier and co-training and combined classifier refer to co-training using our ... unsupervised mining personal and impersonal sentences from a training data 4 Employing Personal /Impersonal Views in Supervised Sentiment Classification After unsupervised mining of personal and impersonal...
... considering as storage units8Only noun types occurring a minimum of ten times wereincluded in this study. Singular and plural forms as well asmasculine and feminine were kept as distinct types.48Given ... approach. In Proceedings of ACL2003. 176-183.53pendent, the AnCora-Es corpus was mined to in- fer some linguistic hypotheses that could help in the automatic identification of chain-starting def-inites. ... approachThe first way in which the linguistic findings in Section 3.2 are tested is by building a rule-basedclassifier. The heuristics are combined and or-dered in the most efficient way, yielding the hand-crafted...
... not calling the front-runner. (inversion)NCCs are linguistic constructions that deviate in characteristic ways from the unmarked lexico-grammatical patterning and informational ordering in the ... ex-pressing the same propositional content, the orderof information units available through the permissi-ble grammatical constructions offers interesting in- sights into the constructional inventory ... comparingseemingly closely related languages in terms of thesets of available related constructions as well as therelations between instances of canonical and non-canonical constructions. In linguistics,...
... common in Spanish, as can be seen in this figure (49%).This fact represents one of the main difficultiesfound in resolving anaphora in Spanish: thestructure of a sentence is more flexible than in English. ... since the POS tagger does notindicate whether the object has both masculineand feminine linguistic forms7 (i.e. informationobtained from the object when the verb iscopulative). Gender information ... frequency in Spanish texts as this paper will show.We are focussing on zero-pronouns in Spanish texts, although they also appear in otherlanguages, such as Japanese, Italian andChinese. In English...
... makers and those working in the industry. Along these lines, the insurance industry has also provoked much interest, and even more so in recent times, since the firms working within the sector are ... banking cartel in 1921, and the CECA in 1928, served to institutionally formalize both lobbies in the Spanish banking market. Finally, in 1933, the creation of the Savings Banks Credit Institute ... conflicts inSpanish Savings Banks 1975-89) Savings bank activity Supervising Body Regulation Sectorial conflicts Financial Bank of Spain 1975: • Free opening of offices in each savings...
... populationwilling to do business. In Andalusia they introduced thelocals to coinage, olives, grapes and even donkeys,taking home minerals in return.The visitors built citieson Spanish soil, ... Carthage (in modern dayTunisia), capital of the western Phoenician lands,began to outshine empire HQ inTyre. By 250 BC theCarthaginians were flexing their muscles in southernSpain, sinkingTartessos ... tales of derring-do andromance in the 16thcentury, ensuring that Spain keptone literary foot in the medieval period. However, nonecould match the innovation or insight of La Celestina –essentially...
... anongoing, home-based personal interview examining anational representative sample of non-institutionalizedpopulation residing in main family dwellings (house-holds) of Spain and is mainly ... identify individuals at risk for physical inactivity.Background In recent years, there has been an increase of aging in the society [1]. The aging of the population can lead toan increase in the ... reported a trendtowards an increased PA in individuals older than 60years of age. In fact, the increase in PA has been foundto be higher in people older t han 65 years than in mid-dle-aged population...
... attempts to quantify and explain risk- taking behaviour of financial intermediaries. This topic is central in economics and finance since controlling the risk-taking in banking relates directly to ... analyse the link between size and bank risk. Risk taking in the Spanish banking sector has been scarcely analysed, although the Spanish case is especially interesting. In the Spanish financial ... size institutions and a it is non-significant in small ones. This result indicates that internal control mechanisms work most effectively in large institutions. Summarizing, our findings point...
... than the positive one in L2 writing. Also, L1 always interfered in L2 writing, and the way of thinking in L1 in uenced the pattern of the text organization in L2 writing (James, 1980). Many ... this study indicated that the in uence of L1 (Spanish) can denitely hinder the writing processes in L2. In addition, four basic mistakes in student papers were found to be a direct in uence ... work in order to see whether or not teachers agreed on the idea that L1 in uence in L2 is so large that it helps or hinders students’ learning process. spanish- EnGLish WritinG structurE intErfErEncEs...
... pp.39-40 Redefining Gender in Twenty-First Century Spanish Cinema: The Films of Pedro Almodóvar 1 Georgina Wardrop (0404864) 2011 Introduction Redefining Gender in Twenty-First ... referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given Redefining Gender in Twenty-First Century Spanish Cinema: ... pp.2-3 Redefining Gender in Twenty-First Century Spanish Cinema: The Films of Pedro Almodóvar 15 Georgina Wardrop (0404864) 2011 both the feminine and masculine sphere in his characterisation...
... fiction of Spain. This book also represents a call for a re-evaluation of what being Spanish means not just in post-Franco Spain but also in the Spain of the new millennium. In the following pages ... Spaniards, 443. SPANISHNESS IN THE SPANISH NOVEL AND CINEMA OF THE 20TH-21ST CENTURY . 3 individual who is a native speaker of Spanish or is of Spanish descent—including Hispanic-Americans. ... one meaning to Spanish history, and its use in defining Spanish identity in the present required strict adherence to this single meaning. Such a claim is exemplarly drawn within the Francoist...
... coded as feminine if they usedcommonly accepted female names (e.g., MandiCS12), conveyed femininestereotypes or a feminine persona (e.g., reblecious, Lilprincess72988), orcontained terms that ... each other. Instant messaginginvolves private communication with another user and users maysimultaneously be engaged in multiple instant messaging conver-sations in separate windows. Research ... identity in cyberspace. They are an adaptivesubstitute for dressing in a sexy manner or wearing makeup in thereal world.Gendered Sexual Dynamics In the domain of sexuality, we have learned something...
... as 'Vt.indO'. Other verbs will be treated in the same manner as drive and add inconstructions involving an indirect object. Method and Objective of Present Study In line with the ... jumps into the water, He brings the book into the park: Er springt ins Wasser, Er bringt das Buch in den Park. However, there is a marginal group of English verbs which may be used in one ... schreibt sich in dem Hotel ein. In general, it may be said that all of the German verbs in this study which can occur in the constructions SVintoN or SVOintoN can be translated into English...
... preprocessingPreprocessing of input data is a very common task in natural language processing. Statistical sys-tems often benefit from linguistic preprocessing84Source in ItalianproLa ringrazio, ... wereinterested in co-reference links, hence they didnot annotate impersonal pronouns, claiming theyare rare. On the other hand, we took all the pro-drop pronouns into account, including impersonal ones.Corpus ... first present the training corpus be-fore describing the approach in more detail.Training corpusTo train the translation model, we translated asubset of the Europarl corpus using Its-2. Thetranslations...