grant and lee a study in contrasts summary

...  P’lots,alsowithin a twoorthreeminutewalkofthe study area:at577 Palmerston,365 Lippincott and 19Spadina.ThedatatrackspaymentsmadeusingTPA’spay and display machinesforbothon‐streetparking and off‐streetTPAlots. Foron‐streetparking,dataisreportedasthenumberofvalidticketsduring15‐minuteintervals throughoutthedaysthatcorrespondwith thepedestriansurveydays(July8,9,10,15,16,17 and 19).However,dataforSaturday,July19 th wasnotavailable,soSaturday,July12 th was substitutedinstead.Theresearcherstookhourlysnapshotsbetween10:00 a. m. and 9:00p.m.– thehourswhenthemachinesaregenerally in use– and determinedtheaveragenumberof validticketsthroughouttheday,aswellasmorning‐midday,afternoon, and eveningaverages. Fortheoff‐streetlots, parkingdataisreportedasdaily and eveningpeaks–thehighest recordednumberofvalidticketsatanygiventime in thedayoreveningperiod.Again,theTPA supplieddataforthesamedaysastheon‐streetparkingdata,whichcorrespondtothe pedestriansurveydays. Theaverage validticketcountswerecomparedtotheoverallcapacity–eitheron‐streetor in lots–todeterminetheaverageusageofon‐street and off‐streetpaidparking. 3.4 ... In ordertounderstandtheeffectsofremovingonelaneofon‐streetparking,theresearchers neededtoknowthecurrentsupplyofpublicon‐street and off‐streetparking in thearea, and the currentratesofusage.Ifonelaneofparkingisremoved,merchants and Citydecision‐makers  willwanttoknowiftheexistingparkingdemandcanbeaccommodatedwiththeremaining supply.(Itisimportanttonotethateveniftheremainingsupplycannotaccommodateexisting demand,municipalitieshavetheoptionofconstructingnewmunicipalparkinglotsor convertingsidestreetparkingtopayparking.For example,aspartofthenewlyconstructedSt. Clairstreetcarexclusiveright‐of‐way,TPAisbuildingnew‘GreenP’lotstomakeupforsome oftheloston‐streetparking.) Ratherthanusingobservationaldata,parkingcapacity and usagedatawasrequestedfromthe TorontoParkingAuthority(TPA).Because theTPAnowexclusivelyemployspay and display parkingmachinesforon‐streetparking and in mostmunicipalparkinglots(‘GreenP’lots),the TPAhas a robust,sophisticated, and reliablesystemfortrackingparkingusage. ExecutiveDirector EvaLigeti,CleanAirPartnership  Researcher and Author: FredSztabinski,ActiveTransportationResearcher,CleanAirPartnership  SurveyTeam: DepartmentofHealthSciences,FacultyofMedicine,UniversityofToronto  ParkingData: PlanningDepartment,TorontoParkingAuthority  AdvisoryCommittee: MichaelCanzi,TransportationPolicy and PlanningAdvisor,Metrolinx AlanFilipuzzi, SeniorTransportationPlanner,CityofToronto PaulHess,AssociateProfessor,DepartmentofGeography&Program in Planning, UniversityofToronto JenniferPenney,DirectorofResearch,CleanAirPartnership  Supporthasbeenprovidedby a grant fromtheTorontoCommunityFoundation.CAP wouldalsoliketothankTransportCanada and the CityofTorontofortheirgenerous supportofthiswork, and thefollowingpeoplefortheirhelp in reviewingthereport: GordBrown,DanielEgan,JenniferHyland,JanaNeumann,LukaszPawlowski,Nancy SmithLea and StephanieTencer.     ©CleanAirPartnership,2009  Formoreinformation,contact: CleanAir Partnership 75ElizabethStreet Toronto,Ontario,M5G1P4,Canada 416‐392‐6672 ... a bikelaneinherentlysuggests improvedconditions forcycling, a widersidewalkdoesnotpromiseanythingotherthan a widersidewalk.Theintentoftheresearcherswastosuggestthat a widersidewalkwouldalso providemorespaceforbenches,trees, and otheramenitiesthatwouldlikelyimprovethe pedestrianenvironment.However,unfortunatelythisintentwasnotaccurately conveyed in the surveyquestion. Finally,regardingtheparkingdata,theTPAemploys a pay and displaysystemthatcanonly trackpayment and notactualusage.Soitislikelythatsomeuserspayformoretimethanthey actuallyparktheircar, and alsothatsomeusersdo notpayforsomeorallofthetimetheyuse. Also,thecapacityofon‐streetparkingdependsonthesizeofcarsparked,asthereareno designatedspaceswithin a block.So,forexample,therecouldbe10largesportutilityvehicles or20minicompactcars –oranycombinationthereof–parked in thesameamountofspace. However,theTPAhasbeenusingthisdataasitsprimarysourceforcapacityanalysissothe researchersfeelthisis a reasonabledatasettouse. In futurestudies,itcouldbeusefulto combinetheTPA’s pay and displaydatawithobservationalrecordingssotoincludeany noteworthylocalconditions,suchaspick‐up/drop‐offvehiclesthatstopforshortperiodsof time and commercialdeliveriesthatdonotpayforparking ...

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