... awra.As the figure depicts, 0 is the start state and 4 isthe final state. Each transition is a 4-tuple <c, n,i, o> where c is current state, n is the next state, i is the input symbol and o is ... FST transition tabledo3: if next state is a final state then4: for all rules where I is the last characterof first word do5: S = next state from the start state onencountering X;6: Y = first ... and Efficient Weighted Finite- State Trans-ducer Library. CIAA’07, Prague, Czech Republic.Deniz Yuret and Ergun Bic¸ici. 2009. Modeling Mor-phologically Rich Languages Using Split Words andUnstructured...
... 4 shows the results of rescoring the ASRword graphs using the fertility-based transducers. 1Actually, the ASR word graph is obtained by using P r(xT1|eI1) and P r(eI1) models. However, ... Association for Computational LinguisticsIntegration of Speech to Computer-Assisted Translation Using Finite- State AutomataShahram Khadivi Richard ZensLehrstuhl f¨ur Informatik 6 – Computer Science ... engine.In this paper, we study the incorporationof MT models and ASR models using finite -state automata. We also proposesome transducers based on MT models forrescoring the ASR word graphs.1 IntroductionA...
... de-velopment cycle in natural language engineering.2 Transducers and Parameters Finite- state machines, including finite -state au-tomata (FSAs) and transducers (FSTs), are a kindof labeled directed ... Probabilistic Finite- State Transducers ∗Jason EisnerDepartment of Computer ScienceJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimore, MD, USA 21218-2691jason@cs.jhu.eduAbstractWeighted finite -state transducers ... models with finite state supervision. In A. Kornai, ed., Extended Finite State Models of Language. Cambridge University Press.Emmanuel Roche and Yves Schabes, editors. 1997. Finite- State Language...
... have chosen to represent rules as subse- quential finitestate transducers. Subsequential finite state transducers are a subtype of finitestate transduc- ers with the following properties: ... destination state After the process of merging states terminates, a deci- sion tree is induced at each state to classify the outgoing arcs. Figure 9 shows a tree induced at the initial state of ... Destination State: 0 2: Output: [ ], Destination State: 1 prim-stress ix+ 1 2 On end of string: Output: nil, Destination State: 0 Figure 9: Decision Tree Before Pruning: The initial state of...
... the new generation from the last generation. (2) Mutation: In order to maintain genetic diversity, some of the individuals in the group are randomly altered. After that, the new generation ... algorithm improves the fitness of the initial generation by going through a number of steps listed below. The procedure is repeated by going through many generations until the convergence criteria ... Remove a subset of the individuals. In order to select a proportion of the current generation to create a new generation, those individuals with lowest fitness are removed according to the natural...
... USA 19-24 June 2011.c2011 Association for Computational LinguisticsAutomatic Headline Generationusing Character Cross-Correlation Fahad A. Alotaiby Department of Electrical Engineering, ... evaluate the process of headline generation of this system. Hedge Trimmer (Dorr et al., 2003) is a system that creates a headline for an English news-paper story using linguistically-motivated ... headline. Jin and Hauptmann (2002) proposed a probabilistic model for headline generation in which they divide head-line generation process into two steps; namely the step of distilling the information...
... observations that finite state machinesmight accurately account for psycholinguistic re-sults to some degree. The current study providesmore concrete answers to what finite state machineis relevant ... encoded into thismodel. For purposes of initial real-time process-ing it could be that the HSPM is using a similarencoding of structural regularities into convenientprobabilistic or neural form. ... garden-path52AcknowledgmentsThis project was supported by the Cognitive Sci-ence Summer 2004 Research Award at the Ohio State University. We acknowledge support fromNSF grant IIS 0347799.ReferencesS. Bangalore and...
... of solving discourse generation problems using stochastic models. Our generation algorithms are fundamentally differ-ent from previously-proposed algorithms for dis-course generation. The genetic ... develop-ing generation algorithms for text-to-text applications. InProceedings of the ACL, pages 66–74.Radu Soricut. 2006. Natural Language Generation for Text-to-Text Applications Using an Information-Slim ... which is used tocompute an admissible future cost for state , using the following equation:is the set of future (visible) events for state , which can be computed directly from an inputIDL-graph,...
... ed-it distance from state 0 to state j, and the cost(i,j) isthe cost of insertion, deletion or substitution from s-tate j to state i. The equation means the minED of state i can be computed ... of state i can be computed by the accumulated minED-cost of state j in the phase p. The state j belongs tothe have-been-calculated state set {X0,. . . ,Xp−1} inphase p. In phrase p, we compute ... transcription for all the to-be-calculated states which is the Xpshown in Fig-ure 4. After computing all the phrases, the best pathand its edit distances of the end states are obtained.Then the final...
... beengenerated, any non-coaccessible states (i.e., statesthat are not reachable from the goal node) are re-moved and the resulting structure is rescored withlanguage models using a user-specified intersec-tion/pruning ... kleines(small/little) Haus (house/shell) using a SCFG-based model (left) and phrase-based model with a distor-tion limit of 1 (right).must equal 0. Values that can be computed using the semirings include ... latticeUnscored hypergraphInput Transducers Cube pruningFull intersectionFST rescoringTranslation hypergraphOutputCube growingNo rescoringFigure 1: Forest generation workflow (first half...
... Workshop, pages 45–53,Suntec, Singapore, 4 August 2009.c2009 ACL and AFNLPSentence Diagram GenerationUsing Dependency ParsingElijah MayfieldDivision of Science and MathematicsUniversity of ... some semanticinformation beyond unlabelled relations, a com-promise can be made. We show that using lineardiagramming models can do this with acceptableerror rates, and hope that future work ... information about the func-tion of each word in a sentence can be representedin a compact form, using orientation and other spa-tial clues. This provides a simpler and intuitivemeans of visualizing...
... quence of a start state, reading states, a crossover state, prefinal states, and a final state. The excep- tion to this is a path accepting the empty string, which has a start state, possibly ... reading states), states with e-transitions entering and leaving them (prefinal states), and states with terminal transitions entering them and e-transitions leaving them (cr0ssover states). ... sequence of G-transitions leading to the final state [$' * S.]. Hence ~" has the following kinds of states: the start state, the final state, states with terminal transitions entering...