... distribution.
1312
4 Alignmentby Agreement
Following Liang et al. (2006), we quantify agree-
ment between two models as the probability that the
alignments produced by the two models agree on the
alignment ... difference in practice.
Gappy phrase agreement. When we introduce
gappy phrasal states, agreement becomes more chal-
lenging. In the forward direction F→E, if we have a
gappy state aligned to ... 1308–1317,
Portland, Oregon, June 19-24, 2011.
c
2011 Association for Computational Linguistics
Gappy PhrasalAlignmentby Agreement
Mohit Bansal
∗
UC Berkeley, CS Division
mbansal@cs.berkeley.edu
Chris Quirk
Microsoft...
... describe a word alignment platform
which ensures text pre-processing (to-
kenization, POS-tagging, lemmatization,
chunking, sentence alignment) as re-
quired by an accurate word alignment.
The ... align-
ment. Moreover, by analyzing the alignment er-
rors done by each word aligner, we found that
the number of common mistakes was small, so
1
We noticed in the GS Alignment various errors ...
3.1 Phase 1: Content Words Alignment
YAWA begins by taking into account only very
probable links that represent the skeleton align-
ment used by the second phase. This alignment is
done using...
... used
the YAWAT (Germann, 2008) interactive alignment
tool and measure inter-annotator agreement over a
subset and found it to be similar to the value reported
by Cohn et al. (2008) for English.
Results ... possible sentence pairs
to improve the quality of its word alignments (note
that following common practice we used symetrized
alignments from the alignments in both directions).
This constitutes an ... sets.
Syntactic similarity The algorithm introduced
by Pang et al. (2003) takes two sentences as in-
put and merges them by top-down syntactic fusion
guided by compatible syntactic substructure. A
lexical...
... all your books are going to fall out.
161
20. FOCUS ON: phrasal verbs followed by the -ing
form
Some phrasal verbs can be followed by the -ing form of verbs:
He ended up staying
home.
She ... your suitcases are zipped up.
EXERCISE 21 a — Complete the sentences with phrasal verbs from this section. Be
sure the phrasal verbs are in the correct tense.
1. It's not your brother's ... warm
soon.
EXERCISE 21 d, Review — Complete the sentences with these phrasal verbs from
previous sections. Be sure the phrasal verbs are in the correct tense. To check
their meanings, review...
... The lengths C and E are
measured in bytes, except when the English text is
an abbreviation (in that case, E is multiplied by 5).
4 Word Alignment
Word alignment is a well-studied topic in ... suffixes;
IBM refers to a system where we substitute
our word alignment algorithm with IBM
Model 1 and Model 2 followed by the HMM
alignment (Och and Ney 2003), which is a
common configuration ... word is defined as
the first three bytes of the word and the suffix is
defined as the last three bytes. Since we used UTF-
8 encoding, the first and last three bytes of a Chi-
nese word, except...
... ice by telling a joke. (
to make people feel more
relaxed and ready to talk, for example at the beginning of a party
)
5. (a) I think it's time that you and Lisa ________ bygones be bygones. ... about a
disagreement or something unpleasant that has happened in the past
)
(b) She promised to keep my news a secret, but she ________ it slip at the party. (
to reveal a secret
either by accident, ... the words in the box to complete the phrasal verbs, idioms and other expressions using
put in this story. You will need to use some of them more than once.
Phrasal verbs, idioms and other expressions...
... VHDL resulted from work
done in the ’70s and early ’80s by the U.S. Department
of Defense. Its roots are in the ADA language, as will be
seen by the overall structure of VHDL as well as other
VHDL ... that contains the value of signal
b
delayed by 10
nanoseconds. The second statement creates a driver that contains the
value of signal
c
delayed by 10 nanoseconds. How these two drivers are
resolved ... as well as other
VHDL statements.
VHDL usage has risen rapidly since its inception and
is used by literally tens of thousands of engineers around
the globe to create sophisticated electronic...
... 14
Microsoft ADO.NET 4 Step by Step
15. For this test, include the Customer table in the DataSet by expanding the Tables section
and marking the Customer table ... auto-increment columns, with these
new values based on the rules established by the AutoIncrementSeed
and AutoIncrementStep properties. By default, the AutoIncrement
property is set to False, which disables ... chapter includes step by step examples and downloadable sample projects that you can
explore for yourself.
Who Is This Book For?
As part of Microsoft Press’s “Developer Step By Step” series of...
... đúng
A)Từ khóa throw và throws phải đc sử dụng bởi phương thức mà có thể
truyền các lỗi
Đề Thi Java By Example (27-6-2008)
1.Cho đoạn mã chương trình sau:
For( int y=2 ; y= ){
System.out.print(x+...
...
producing process. The government can control these by issuing the permit, which is
handed out to enterprises only when they meet the standard criteria. By that way, only
qualified enterprises have ... high abatement cost in almost every
hospital in our country. The government can control these by setting the regulations for
classification of medical wastes, such as “medical waste should ... from mixing components. Therefore,
it reduces the operating costs and saves the operating areas by 70%. Moreover, as Biofast
are domestic productions, its price is much more reasonable for domestic...
...
Typeset by Wyvern Typesetting Limited.
Bristol
Printed in Malta by Interprint
Acknowledgements
Illustrations by
Baverstock
Caroline Church
Paige
Bill
Location photography by
Rob Judges ... activities and then someone who can correct
them.
Making
Headway
Upper
-
Intermediate
Phrasal Verbs
and
Idioms
Graham Workman
Oxford University Press
LOOKING
ROUND
A
FLAT ...
publication may be reproduced, stored in a
retrieval system. or transmitted. in any
form or by any means. electronic.
mechanical. photocopying. recording, or
otherwise. without the prior...