forehead what are their relative advantages and their limitations
Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Interaction between very-KIND Ras guanine exchange factor and microtubule-associated protein 2, and its role in dendrite growth – structure and function of the second kinase noncatalytic C-lobe domain docx
... v-KIND and PTPN13 shared 46.9% homology and had only two or three conserved Leu residues out of seven residues It is notable that four Leu residues (amino acids 461, 474, 477 and 482) and one ... coimmunoprecipitation Materials and methods Animals Primary cultures, transfection and imaging of hippocampal and cerebellar neurons Hippocampal and cerebellar dissociated primary cultures were prepared from ICR ... growth and branching, 15 neurons transfected with each construct were randomly chosen for each experiment, and EGFP fluorescent images of their dendrites were analyzed with neurolucida software (MBF...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Proteolytic activation and function of the cytokine Spatzle in the innate immune response of a lepidopteran insect, Manduca sexta ppt
... 150 mature proSpatzle-1A are 31 861 Da and 6.97, ¨ whereas those of proSpatzle-1B are 33 050 Da and ¨ 6.08 There is one potential N-linked glycosylation site at Asn75 and one potential O-linked ... mixtures were subjected to SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting using Spatzle antibodies The ¨ ¨ sizes and positions of molecular weight standards are indicated on the left Bands representing proSpatzle precursors, ... results indicated that factor Xa cleaved and activated proHP8Xa When activated HP8Xa was mixed with proSpatzle¨ 1A, the 38 kDa pro-Spatzle band disappeared, and a ¨ 12 kDa product was produced (Fig...
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Báo cáo khoa học: NMR solution structure and function of the C-terminal domain of eukaryotic class 1 polypeptide chain release factor pdf
... three antiparallel strands (1, and 7) and strand 6, which is parallel to strand b-Strands are located between the four a-helices (a1, 278–294; a2, 305–313; a4, 374–381; and a5, 397–405), with ... structural elements: b-strands (b3, 329–335; b4, 339–344; and b5, 367–372) and a distorted a-helix (a3, 348–356) (Fig 3B,C) The three b-strands of the minidomain are all antiparallel, and form a single ... conformer are shown in red, and 24 structures of the open conformer are shown in cyan The N-termini and C-termini are labeled (B, C) The topology of the secondary structure elements of the open (B) and...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Structure and function of the 3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate lactonizing enzyme from the protocatechuate degradative pathway of Agrobacterium radiobacter S2 pdf
... of r2 and sum of squares ( · 10)3) were as follows: citrate, competitive 0.92 and 518 versus noncompetitive 0.95 and 351; isocitrate, competitive 0.98 and 121 versus noncompetitive 0.99 and 58 ... that are identical in all sequences are highlighted by black boxes The residues forming the active site are marked with ^, residues forming the potential allosteric site are marked with #, and ... and characterized, the stereochemistry of the reaction analyzed, and the gene encoding it cloned and sequenced [3–5] Furthermore, its crystal structure was recently determined [6] Molecular and...
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structure and function of the arabic verb
... (1968) and rooted within the Chomskian Principles and Parameters on the one hand, and an enunciative approach, represented by Culioli and Adamczewski and inspired by the early works of Guillaume and ... one hand, and to the large number of Arabists who are more familiar with the standard language than the dialects, on the other hand As for the sources of the corpus, we have selected a relatively ... categories, and present an alternative approach to previous analyses, with a particular emphasis on their semantic–pragmatic functions, on the one hand, and their syntactic structures, on the other hand...
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ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY, AND DISORDERS OF THE AUDITORY SYSTEM - PART 1 pps
... psychologists and psychiatrists who treat patients with tinnitus and other hyperactive auditory disorders The book provides the basis for a broad understanding of the anatomy and function of the ear and ... of the auditory system are essential for all clinicians who are involved in diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the auditory system The book prepares the clinician and the clinical researcher ... describes cochlear and brainstem implants and hearing conservation programs are discussed in an appendix The four chapters of Section I cover anatomy and physiology of the middle ear and the cochlea,...
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ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY, AND DISORDERS OF THE AUDITORY SYSTEM - PART 2 ppsx
... tympani are assumed to contribute to the irregular pattern of the acoustic impedance of the human ear (Figs 2.15 and 2.16) This part of the tympanic membrane is relatively loose and its vibrations are ... two decades great advantages have been made in understanding the mechanisms involved in destruction of hair cells and it has become evident that these processes are complex and subsequent changes ... through earphones The earphones that are commonly used for audiometric purposes are either supra-aural headphones and now, more commonly, insert earphones There are two concerns regarding the use...
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ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY, AND DISORDERS OF THE AUDITORY SYSTEM - PART 4 potx
... cells are also fewer in the human cochlear nucleus than in the cat and the dorsal cochlear nucleus is much smaller and less developed in humans compared with the cat or other animals that are used ... muscles and neck muscles Sound can also activate reflexes such as the acoustic middle-ear reflex and the startle reflex, and it can affect wakefulness and sounds can influence the autonomic system and ... within the fiber’s response area decreases when a second tone with frequency and intensity within one of these inhibitory areas is presented Such inhibitory areas are usually located on each...
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ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY, AND DISORDERS OF THE AUDITORY SYSTEM - PART 6 pot
... ventricle Solid lines are the responses to rarefaction clicks and the dashed lines are the responses to condensation clicks Amplitude scales are 0.2 mV for the auditory nerve recording and 0.1 mV for ... cochlea and the cochlear nucleus and potentials that originate in the cochlea and the cochlear nucleus are conducted to the recording site by passive conduction in the eighth cranial nerve and the ... dendrites are organized uniformly whereas a nucleus where the dendrites are randomly organized and point in all directions generates little far-field potentials These two different types of nuclei are...
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ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY, AND DISORDERS OF THE AUDITORY SYSTEM - PART 7 pot
... structures are rare and auditory signs are complex 21 Lesions of the auditory cerebral cortex often cause minimal threshold elevation and the speech discrimination is often normal when tested using standard ... bilateral stimulation, solid lines are the response to ipsilateral stimulation and the dots are the contralateral response Results from both ears are shown (right and left graphs) The stimuli were ... hand graph: stimulation with 0.5 kHz; right hand graph: stimulation with 1.45 kHz Open circles are the ipsilateral response and closed circles the contralateral response (reprinted from Borg and...
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ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY, AND DISORDERS OF THE AUDITORY SYSTEM - PART 8 docx
... detectable morphologic changes are extremely rare Such disorders are tumors and vascular malformations and they usually give symptoms and signs from multiple systems Rarely is hearing loss or other ... MRIs are used both as a comparison between other methods and as the definitive proof of the presence of a tumor MRI scans are thus used as the standard with which all other tests are compared ... that are associated with morphologically detectable pathologies of nuclei and fiber tracts of the ascending auditory pathways of the brainstem and the auditory cortex are extremely rare They are...
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ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY, AND DISORDERS OF THE AUDITORY SYSTEM - PART 9 pdf
... perception of sounds such as hyperacusis and phonophobia) are some of the most diverse and complex disorders of the auditory system and their causes are often obscure Often it is not even possible ... tinnitus and yet, hyperacusis, and phonophobia, may be more annoying to the patient than their tinnitus Few effective treatment options are available for hyperactive disorders such as tinnitus and ... that are associated with vascular contact with CNV and CNVII (TGN and HFS, respectively) are extremely rare with incidence of about for TGN [144] and 0.8 per 100,000 for HFS [11] Vascular contact...
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Báo cáo y học: "Relationship between the tissue-specificity of mouse gene expression and the evolutionary origin and function of the protein" ppsx
... transduction proteins and transcription factors are known to be the main functional categories that were expanded in the metazoa lineage while enzymes and transporter proteins are usually more highly ... (G6pd-2) and phosphoglycerate kinase (Pgk-2) - provides a different example for a specific expression of universal enzymes G6pd-2 and Pgk-2 are believed to arise from their isoenzymes, G6pd and Pgk-1, ... hypothesis that function and specificity are independent of given age Conceptually, the genes are divided up according to age and a separate contingency table for specificity and function is formed...
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EXPRESSION AND FUNCTION OF THE PRL FAMILY OF PROTEIN TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE
... all tissues and most cell types examined, expression of PRL-1 was much more variable Distribution and expression levels of PRL-1 and -2 in various tissues are described below and are further ... then compared Using this approach it is not possible to compare absolute levels of RNA and protein, however, the relative changes seen in comparing various tissues and in comparing tumor and normal ... members (PRL-1, -2, and -3) These three closely related enzymes are distinctive in that they are among the smallest of the PTPs consisting primarily of a catalytic domain, and their amino acid sequences...
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Regulation and function of the novel candidate tumor suppressor gene dlec1 in the HCT116 colorectal cancer cell line
... Last but not least, I would like to thank my family, especially my parents and my husband, as well as my friends for their love and support throughout my stay in Singapore TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE ... genes are negative regulators of growth or any processes related to tumor’s invasion and metastasis They can be divided into two categories based on their gene function: gatekeepers and caretakers ... dinucleotides are unevenly distributed throughout the genome and remain in short stretches or clusters (500–2000 bp), called CpG islands (Feltus et al., 2006) In normal cells, the CpG islands are usually...
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Tài liệu Body Size: The Structure and Function of Aquatic Ecosystems pptx
... marine and freshwater ecosystems James H Brown, Andrew P Allen and James F Gillooly Body size and suspension feeding Stuart Humphries 16 Life histories and body size 10 David Atkinson and Andrew ... groups, and body-size categories, but, again, care should be exercised in making and testing predictions based on metabolic theory Ecosystem level: flux and storage of energy and materials Through their ... carbon turnover and plant size for freshwater and marine ecosystems, where the primary producers are predominantly phytoplankton, and for wetlands, where the primary producers are predominantly...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Helix mobility and recognition function of the rat thyroid transcription factor 1 homeodomain – hints from 15N-NMR relaxation studies pdf
... Leu34 and Lys46, as their NOE signals exhibited almost 100% overlap Additional blank slots in the correspondence of residues 29 and 42 are for prolines The se values of Ser27 and Gln50 are not ... the zero, xN and 0.87xH frequencies, versus the sequence of the TTF-1 HD Measurements were done at 11.7 T and 286 K Blank slots are for residues 29 and 42 (prolines) and Glu17, Leu34 and Lys46, ... ns) and two for sgi (0.26 ± 0.03 ns and 0.55 ± 0.06 ns) (supplementary Doc S1 and Fig S2) Comparison of results from MF and RSDM The results for sm obtained by the MF and RSDM approaches are...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Expression and function of Noxo1c, an alternative splicing form of the NADPH oxidase organizer 1 doc
... sense primers ‘a’ and ‘b’ in PCR analyses using human adult tissues (C) and fetal tissues (D) The primers ‘d’ and ‘c’ are used in the PCR analyses (E) where both Noxo1b and Noxo1c are simultaneously ... thymus, liver, and kidney To compare the amounts of the two variants expressed in the testis, we performed the PCR using the primers ‘d’ and ‘c’, where the cDNAs for both Noxo1b and Noxo1c are amplified ... Noxo1b, Noxo1c, Nox1, and Noxa1 in various human cell lines: androgen-independent prostate cancer cells (LNCaP), androgen-independent prostate cancer cells (PC3 and DU145), and testicular germ...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: a-Conotoxins as tools for the elucidation of structure and function of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes doc
... a5 and/ or b3 subunit [12] The a5 and b3 subunits are very similar in sequence and both appear Neuronal nAChRs are present throughout the central and peripheral nervous system, at both pre- and ... and pharmacological characterization of the various receptor subtypes, and the determination of their precise subunit composition and physiological function(s) Compared to the muscle nAChR, relatively ... antagonists mecamylamine and dihydro-b-erythroidine are relatively undiscriminating between different heteromeric neuronal nAChRs Thus, further and more specific inhibitors are needed to probe neuronal...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Cold survival in freeze-intolerant insects The structure and function of b-helical antifreeze proteins pdf
... follow, and the b-sheets that are found on one or more faces of the protein perpendicular to the helical axis The strands from ˚ the b-sheets are spaced 4.8 A apart and are relatively flat and untwisted ... with a left-handed fold and the Tenebrio molitor protein consisting of 12-residue coils with a right-handed fold (compare the structures in Fig 2) The difference in handedness is somewhat analogous ... property of left-handed helices is that most extended polypeptides with L-amino acids have an inherent right-handed twist [46] The lefthanded b-helices have b-strands with left-handed crossover...
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