fluidized bed amp other moving particle reactors for fluid solid reactions
A study on the side spray fluidized bed processor with swirling airflow for granulation and drug layering
... 4 A.2 Particle coating 10 B Types of fluidized bed processor 12 B1 Top-spray fluidized bed processor 13 B2 Bottom-spray fluidized bed processor ... the particle size and morphology of the ingredients Fluidized bed granulation A popular granulation process in the pharmaceutical industry utilizes the fluidized bed technology Fluidized bed ... in fluidized bed processor has not been fully explored although it has been extensively studied in other industries In an innovation to the fluidized bed processor, the FlexStreamTM (FS) fluidized...
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Tar abatement for clean syngas production during biomass gasification in a dual fluidized bed
... residence time for the catalytic tar reforming reaction [15] Studies about the optimum composition of the fixed bed catalyst can be found in literature Nacken et al [13] tested several tar reforming ... observed, as it was reported before by other authors [12,22] The largest increment was observed for the FB filter, probably due to a high catalyst amount present in the fixed bed Among the CL catalytic ... conversion was 42.8% for the FB catalytic filter and 52.0% for the FB + CL filter In the case of the catalytic layer filters, naphthalene conversion reached 50.6% for the CL filter and 57.8% for the CL +...
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Parametric analysis of a circulating fluidized bed biomass gasifier for hydrogen production
... temperatures favor the reactants during exothermic reactions, while the same conditions favor the products in endothermic reactions Therefore, endothermic reactions (2), (3), and (8) have a stronger ... of ash particles, which make ash particles sticky Consequently, the fluidized bed system is changed to a fixed -bed system with the increase of bed temperature In this study, the fluidized bed biomass ... various reactions during a real gasification process; however, the gasification reactions are simplified to major reactions in the present model These reactions are summarized in Eqs (1)e(8) [15] Reactions...
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Modeling biomass char gasification kinetics for improving prediction of carbon conversion in a fluidized bed gasifier
... Bhatia DDPSK A random pore model for fluid solid reactions: I Isothermal, kinetic control AIChE J 1980;26(3):379–86 Bhatia DDPSK A random pore model for fluid solid reactions: II Diffusion and transport ... char conversion times was evaluated For all models the kinetic coefficient K r ðT; pi Þ was taken as Eq (6) for CO2 gasification and Eq (7) for steam gasification For each reactivity model a single ... Section 2.4 Table Operating conditions for pilot scale tests using pine sawdust (SD) [20], corresponding to modeling results Fuel Bed temperature, °C Bed additive Bed additive rate, g/s Fuel feed rate,...
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Evaluation of different biomass gasification modeling approaches for fluidized bed gasifiers
... used for fitting -Not applicable for ER > 0.44 -Not accurate for ER < 0.3 mostly for BFB gasifiers -Not accurate for different values of load Using kinetic equations together with hydrodynamics for ... option for “restricting the equilibrium” The “degree of approach to equilibrium” can be used in this option either for the whole unit or for a specific reaction Using QET for CO-shift, methane reforming ... the detailed information for the model set up in ASPEN plus (for example, selection of property model) is given in the published material of each original model This can therefore cause slightly...
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Artificial neural network models for biomass gasification in fluidized bed gasifiers
... first one applies for circulating fluidized bed (CFB) gasifiers and the second one for bubbling fluidized bed (BFB) gasifiers Table e Weights and biases of the ANNs designed for the four major ... or for downdraft fixed -bed gasifiers, as long as high temperature and high gas residence time are achieved in the throat By contrast, updraft fixed -bed, dual fluidized- bed and stand-alone fluidized- bed ... data, only experimental data for wood gasification in atmospheric pressure and inert bed reactors was considered Data for circulating fluidized bed ANN model was obtained for air gasification of wood...
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In situ catalytic conversion of tar using rice husk char/ash supported nickel–iron catalysts for biomass pyrolytic gasification combined with the mixing-simulation in fluidized-bed gasifier
... char particles in the bed Therefore, the movement of solids in the vessel should be described by accounting for three or more solids types Nevertheless, qualitatively the motion of biofuel particles ... sorbent, catalyst, bed material) in FBG as well In theory, the solid solid mixing of species i could be determined by the expression (E9), applied for transport of solid (index s) in an isothermal system ... as the particle and S is the actual surface area of the particle In the previous study, a simple general correlation for predicting terminal velocities for isometric particles, given information...
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Research on MAP Recovery Conditions using a Fluidized-bed Crystallized Phosphorous Removal System
... 100 mg/L MAP was formed by adding magnesium and adjusting the pH pH Settling tank The experimental apparatus (see Figure 1) comprised a fluidized- bed reactor (inner Fluidized- bed reactor diameter ... MAP was made to form on the surface of the MAP particles already in the reactor The interior of the reactor was aerated using air to enhance the fluidizing of MAP particles MAP particles were ... water increased when the mean MAP particle size exceeded mm (Height of MAP particle layer being about 2000 mm) Moreover, the fluidizing performance of the MAP particles deteriorated On the 35th...
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What is known about the effectiveness of economic instruments to reduce consumption of foods high in saturated fats and other energy-dense foods for preventing and treating obesity? docx
... milk) For example, the own-price elasticities for the probability of consuming foods were: -2.0 for rice, -1.2 for wheat flour, -1.3 for pork and -1.6 for edible oils The own-price elasticities for ... -0.36 for wheat flour, -0.48 for pork and -0.25 for edible oils For example, the overall cross-price elasticities with respect to rice for consuming foods were: 0.37 for coarse grains and 0.26 for ... -0.12 for rice, -0.16 for wheat flour, -0.38 for pork and -0.30 for edible oils The overall own price elasticities, accounting for both probability and amount of foods consumed, were: -0.38 for...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "Using Rejuvenation to Improve Particle Filtering for Bayesian Word Segmentation" doc
... with N “empty” particles To get the particles at time t+1 from the particles at time t, update each particle using the observation at time t+1 as follows: sample a segmentation for this observation, ... rejuvenation; the core idea is to restore sample diversity after each resampling step by performing MCMC resampling steps on each particle s history, thus leading to particles with different histories ... each resampling step, for each particle the algorithm performs a fixed number of the following rejuvenation steps: randomly choose a previously observed utterance resample the segmentation for this...
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membrane reactors for hydrogen production processes
... for endothermic reactions and decreases for exothermic reactions according the well-known Van’t Hoff equation: d ln K DH ¼ dT R Á T2 ð1:2Þ with DH [ for endothermic reactions and DH \ for exothermic ... latter reactions are named reversible reactions according to the thermodynamic statement that each transformation close to equilibrium is a reversible transformation In the case of reversible reactions, ... equilibrium is reached Some kinds of reactions (irreversible reactions) require very high conversions to reach equilibrium conditions at a given temperature, whereas for other reactions a quite low value...
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fluidized bed combustion dekker mechanical engineering
... 2.3.3 Bed expansion 2.3.4 Particle elutriation from fluidized bed 2.3.5 Bubbles in a fluidized bed 2.3.6 Gas and particle mixing in fluidized bed 2.4 Mathematical modelling of the fluidized bed ... between fuel particles and a bubbling fluidized bed 3.3.1 Mass transfer between fuel particles and bubbling fluidized beds 3.3.2 Heat transfer between fuel particles and bubbling fluidized bed 147 ... COMBUSTION IN FLUIDIZED BEDS 4.1 Characteristic features of combustion in fluidized beds 4.1.1 Combustion conditions in fluidized beds 4.1.2 Physical processes during coal particle combustion in fluidized...
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proceedings of the 20th international conference on fluidized bed combustion
... fluidised bed BFB bubbling fluidised bed w FB FBG FBBG FM PSD 25 fluidised bed fluidised bed gasifier/gasification fluidised bed biomass gasifier fluidisation model particle size distribution ... International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion CHARACTERISTICS OF PYROLYTIC TOPPING IN FLUIDIZED BED FOR DIFFERENT VOLATILE COALS R Xiong, L Dong, G W Xu 404 FLUIDISED BED COMBUSTION OF ... WOOD GASIFICATION IN A DENSE FLUIDIZED BED S Gerber, F Behrendt, M Oevermann BED MATERIAL AND PARAMETER VARIATION FORA PRESSURIZED BIOMASS FLUIDIZED BED PROCESS Bernhard...
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yung-kuo lim. (ed.) problems and solutions on atomic, nuclear and particle physics for u.s. phd qualifiers (ws,2000)
... spin-one particles of negative charge Neglect spin-dependent forces For this hypothetical atom, what is the degeneracy of the ground state? Give your reasoning (CUSPEA) Solution: Spin-one particles ... with respect to interchange of particles Since for the ground state the spatial wave function is symmetric, the spin part must also be symmetric For two spin-1 particles the total spin S can ... plane, derive an expression for the intensity Ig for the vertical configuration (b) For this part of the problem, suppose the system lies in a horizontal plane A uniform magnetic field, pointing...
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A Practical Guide to Particle Counting for Drinking Water Treatment - Chapter 1 potx
... in Particle Counting .58 Chapter Grab Sampling A Particle Counter Grab-Sampler Operating Principles 61 B Grab-Sample Particle Counting vs Online Counting 62 Reasons for Choosing Grab Samplers ... instruments used for particle detection in water are particle counters and particle sizers Confusion arises because particle counters also size particles and particle sizers count particles Some ... Grab Samplers 64 Alternatives to Grab Sampling 65 C Grab-Sampler Sample Handling .65 Sample Preparation 66 Sample Storage and Shipping 66 Running the Sample...
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A Practical Guide to Particle Counting for Drinking Water Treatment - Chapter 2 potx
... for women who were physically unable to so In our case, the less newsworthy surrogates for Cryptosporidium and Giardia are the other particles of the same size, which can be measured by the particle ... range for graphing values For example, a log removal value of is equal to a percent removal value of 99 Figure 2.2 gives an example of the reason it is easier to display values in log form Log ... baseline for properly comparing filter performance It is impossible to judge filter performance adequately over time without knowing the particle input as well as the output F IMPROVING FILTER PERFORMANCE...
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A Practical Guide to Particle Counting for Drinking Water Treatment - Chapter 3 ppt
... changes, and the sample is most evenly mixed Figure 3.1 shows four possible tap locations for a turbidimeter sample The requirements for particle counter sample taps are the same as those for the standard ... desirable to install permanent sample taps Many of the locations will already have sample taps for other instruments It may be possible to split off a sample line for the particle counter from these ... calibration is performed by passing particles of known size through the particle counter sensor, and measuring the amplitudes of the pulses generated for each particle This information is then...
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A Practical Guide to Particle Counting for Drinking Water Treatment - Chapter 4 pot
... A PRACTICAL GUIDE TO PARTICLE COUNTING Trend Particle Counters with Other Plant Data To relate the particle counter to overall plant performance, trend it together with other plant data Turbidity, ... the data from another particle counter to be combined and calculated with that of our example Now, 10 data points (including calculations) are now being produced for a single particle counter ... information from particle counting systems as they exist at present Much of this reaction is understandably the product of a regulation-obsessed industry, but it is no excuse for not using particle...
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