fluid electrolyte and acid base balance

Báo cáo y học: " Acid-base balance and hydration status following consumption of mineral-based alkaline bottled water" ppt

Báo cáo y học: " Acid-base balance and hydration status following consumption of mineral-based alkaline bottled water" ppt

Ngày tải lên : 11/08/2014, 23:21
... acid- base balance using surrogate markers of urine and blood pH [9,10] It is possible that the regular consumption of AK bottled water could have a similar influence on markers of acid- base balance, ... influence as a dietary influence on acid- base balance, the present study was undertaken to systematically evaluate changes in both hydration and acid- base balance following chronic consumption ... influences on markers for acid- base balance and hydration status when consumed under free-living conditions Since most studies evaluating nutritional influences on acid- base status are either large-scale...
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Tài liệu Acid-Base Balance doc

Tài liệu Acid-Base Balance doc

Ngày tải lên : 20/01/2014, 05:21
... Acid- Base abnormalities  Metabolic Acidosis  Metabolic Alkalosis  Respiratory Acidosis  Respiratory Alkalosis Mechanisms of acid- base balance Respiratory system ... Titrable acids (HPO4) Excretion of organic acids Buffers Ca, Hb, PP bones Ammonium (NH4) Metabolic Acidosis  Definition:  Primary decrease in serum HCO3  Decreased pH  Accumulation of acids ... plasma AG=Na - (Cl + HCO3) Normal AG= 10-12 mEq/L Causes of ↑AG metabolic acidosis: “Accumulation of acids” lactic acidosis Ketoacidosis - diabetic, alcoholic, starvation Toxins - ethylene glycol,...
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Báo cáo y học: " The effects of Energised Greens™ upon blood acid-base balance during resting conditions" ppsx

Báo cáo y học: " The effects of Energised Greens™ upon blood acid-base balance during resting conditions" ppsx

Ngày tải lên : 11/08/2014, 23:21
... are provided [10] Results Acid- Base Balance There were significant interactions (p < 0.01) and main effects for condition (p < 0.001) and time (p < 0.001) for all acid- base variables (pH, HCO3-, ... acute alkalotic shift in acid- base balance contrasts with other recently published work by König and colleagues [3] These researchers presented Figure Represented are the acid- base responses for Energised ... data collection and analysis MT, RP and JS conceived of the study, and participated in its design and coordination and helped to draft the manuscript NM provided the supplements and proposed the...
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Access: Acid-Base, Fluids, and Electrolytes - part 1 pdf

Access: Acid-Base, Fluids, and Electrolytes - part 1 pdf

Ngày tải lên : 12/08/2014, 05:21
... Instant Access: Acid- Base, Fluids, and Electrolytes Notice Medicine is an ever-changing science As new research and clinical experience broaden our knowledge, changes in treatment and drug therapy ... BODY FLUID COMPARTMENTS BODY FLUID COMPARTMENTS TABLE 1–1: Body Fluid Compartments An understanding of body fluid compartments is essential to provide adequate patient care and for appropriate and ... BODY FLUID COMPARTMENTS AND INTRAVENOUS FLUID REPLACEMENT ROBERT F REILLY, Jr., AND MARK A PERAZELLA DISORDERS OF SODIUM BALANCE (EDEMA, HYPERTENSION OR HYPOTENSION) ROBERT F REILLY, Jr., AND...
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Access: Acid-Base, Fluids, and Electrolytes - part 3 pot

Access: Acid-Base, Fluids, and Electrolytes - part 3 pot

Ngày tải lên : 12/08/2014, 05:21
... DISORDERS OF WATER BALANCE FIGURE 3–3: Net water loss increases serum osmolality and serum Na؉ concentration, thereby stimulating both thirst and AVP production to return water balance to baseline 89 ... vasopressin 93 94 DISORDERS OF WATER BALANCE SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS Signs and symptoms of hypernatremia are related to cell swelling and shrinking TABLE 3–39: Signs and Symptoms of Hypernatremia Neuromuscular ... peptide, prostaglandins, and endothelin) • Physical properties (mean arterial pressure, peritubular capillary pressure, and renal interstitial pressure) affect handling of Na+ and water Na+ reabsorption...
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Access: Acid-Base, Fluids, and Electrolytes - part 4 docx

Access: Acid-Base, Fluids, and Electrolytes - part 4 docx

Ngày tải lên : 12/08/2014, 05:21
... Figure 6–4 Paradoxical Intracellular Acidosis 248 METABOLIC ACIDOSIS 175 ACID- BASE CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY TABLE 6–1: General Principles of Acid- Base Homeostasis Acid- base homeostasis consists of the ... of nonvolatile acids and bases and the ingestion of a normal “Western diet” to maintain acid- base homeostasis the kidney must excrete this acid load The role of the kidney in acid- base homeostasis ... (mixed or complex acid- base disorders) 180 METABOLIC ACIDOSIS TABLE 6–4: Assessing Acid- Base Balance Because of the importance of the bicarbonate buffer system in overall acid- base homeostasis,...
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Access: Acid-Base, Fluids, and Electrolytes - part 7 potx

Access: Acid-Base, Fluids, and Electrolytes - part 7 potx

Ngày tải lên : 12/08/2014, 05:21
... RESPIRATORY AND MIXED ACID- BASE DISTURBANCES Figure 8–2 Use of the Anion Gap in Evaluation 303 Figure 8–3 Acid- Base Nomogram 304 8–10 Syndromes Commonly Associated with Mixed Acid- Base Disorders ... significantly increased SAG 304 RESPIRATORY AND MIXED ACID- BASE DISTURBANCES FIGURE 8–3: Acid- Base Nomogram A second approach to the evaluation of mixed acid- base disturbances involves the use of a ... chronic compensation RESPIRATORY AND MIXED ACID- BASE DISTURBANCES 295 TABLE 8–5 (Continued) As PaCO2 increases and arterial pH decreases, renal acid excretion and bicarbonate retention become...
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Access: Acid-Base, Fluids, and Electrolytes - part 9 potx

Access: Acid-Base, Fluids, and Electrolytes - part 9 potx

Ngày tải lên : 12/08/2014, 05:21
... FGF-23, a 251-amino acid protein, is secreted and processed at a cleavage site into inactive N- and C-terminal fragments; mutations in ADHR occur at the proteolytic site and prevent cleavage ... intolerance, and Lowe’s syndrome Acquired—Multiple myeloma, renal transplantation, and drugs Drugs—Ifosfamide, streptozocin, tetracyclines, valproic acid, ddI, cidofovir, adefovir, tenofovir, and ranitidine ... in the face of a normal serum glucose concentration, and aminoaciduria Less commonly patients may also have proximal renal tubular acidosis and hypokalemia Diagnosis A urinalysis for glycosuria...
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Access: Acid-Base, Fluids, and Electrolytes - part 10 ppt

Access: Acid-Base, Fluids, and Electrolytes - part 10 ppt

Ngày tải lên : 12/08/2014, 05:21
... 243, 286 acid- base balance assessment approach of patients, 189–192 bicarbonate reclamation, 182–183 new bicarbonate production, distal nephron, 184 acid- base biology/chemistry acid- base balance ... 107 and DCT diuretics, 115 and diuretic resistance, 118, 120 encephalopathy risks, 115 and K+ balance disorders, 42 and mineralocorticoid receptor blockers, 116 and Na+ balance disorders, 42 and ... 37, 39, 150, 153, 265, 278, 284 lithium and hypercalcemia, 320, 331 and K+ balance disorders, 150 and metabolic acidosis, 200 and nephrogenic DI, 92, 101 and serum magnesium disorders, 442 loop...
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Báo cáo y học: "Clinical review: The meaning of acid–base abnormalities in the intensive care unit – effects of fluid administration" potx

Báo cáo y học: "Clinical review: The meaning of acid–base abnormalities in the intensive care unit – effects of fluid administration" potx

Ngày tải lên : 12/08/2014, 20:20
... of priming fluids for cardiopulmonary bypass in the UK and Ireland Perfusion 2002, 17:315-319 Stewart PA: How to understand acid base In A Quantitative Acid base Primer for Biology and Medicine ... Peachey T, Stephens R, Mythen MG: The effects of balanced versus saline-based hetastarch and crystalloid solutions on acid- base and electrolyte status and gastric mucosal perfusion in elderly surgical ... hypocalcaemia and metabolic acidosis [70] Conclusion The principles laid down by the late Peter Stewart have transformed our ability to understand and predict the acid base effects of fluids for...
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Acid base

Acid base

Ngày tải lên : 05/10/2012, 12:19
... acetic acid plus 0.001 M HCl (e) 0.16M acetic acid plus 0.044 M sodium acetate (Ans: 1.3, 2.88, 8.79, 2.27, 4.2) Polyatomic Acids & Bases 13 Phosphorus acid, H3PO4, is actually a diprotic acid; ... 1.0 X 10-2 and Ka2 = 2.6 X 10-7 What are the values of [H+], pH and HPO32- in a 1.0 M solution? 14 Tellurium, in the same family as sulphur, forms an acid analogous to sulphuric acid and called ... acid and called telluric acid It exists, however, as H6TeO6 (which looks like H2TeO4 + H2O) It is a diprotic acid Ka1 = 2.1 X 10-8 and Ka2 = 6.5 X 10-12 Calculate [H+], pH, and [H4TeO62-] in a 0.25...
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Đánh giá và phân tích RỐI LOẠN ACID-BASE

Đánh giá và phân tích RỐI LOẠN ACID-BASE

Ngày tải lên : 22/10/2012, 15:50
... tích đánh giá acid- based  Những rối loạn acid- base đơn giản  Tiếp cận cách hệ thống rối loạn acid- base  quy tắc giúp dễ dàng nhanh chóng đọc rối loạn acid- base Phân tích Acid- Base, cần cơng ... rối loạn acid- base ngun phát Rối loạn acid - base có loại ? pH7,45 nhiễm kiềm HCO3-↑ Chuyển hóa PCO2 ↓ Hô hấp Ngun tắc đơn giản:  CO2 = Acid (hơ ... bicarbonate ketoacid nước tiểu Kết luận:      Để đánh giá RL acid- base xác cần ABG điện giải Cần tiếp cận cách hệ thống Cần nhớ quy tắc “bình thường” khí máu khơng bình thường Acid - Base Điều...
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TRẮC NGHIỆM THĂNG BẰNG ACID BASE

TRẮC NGHIỆM THĂNG BẰNG ACID BASE

Ngày tải lên : 24/10/2012, 14:34
... 42 Cơ chế điều hòa thăng acid base hệ đệm proteinat là: A Phần base hệ đệm nhận H+ thể bị nhiễm acid B Phần acid hệ đệm giải phóng H+ thể bị nhiễm kiềm C Các acid amin acid protein giải phóng ... phóng H+ thể bị nhiễm kiềm D Các acid amin base protein nhận H+ thể bị nhiễm acid E Các câu 43 Cơ chế điều hòa thăng acid base hệ đệm phosphat A Khi thể bị nhiễm acid Na2HPO4 phóng thích H+ B Khi ... thể bị nhiễm kiềm chất kiềm tác dụng với phần acid hệ đệm muối trung hòa Khi thể bị nhiễm acid chất acid tác dụng với phần kiềm hệ đệm acid yếu hơn, acid dễ phân li cho CO2 H2O Nhờ Hemoglobin vận...
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UV-disinfection Reactor Validation by Computational Fluid Dynamics and Relation to Biodosimetry and Actinometry

UV-disinfection Reactor Validation by Computational Fluid Dynamics and Relation to Biodosimetry and Actinometry

Ngày tải lên : 05/09/2013, 09:08
... Biodosimetric Test Apparatus - 79 - Journal of Water and Environment Technology, Vol.3, No.1, 2005 steel column 110 cm high and the reactors equipped with and lamps were made from a 210.3 mm (ID) stainless ... linear and fit the regression line ” Equation (8)” N/N0 =5 exp(-3.387φ) (8) Equation (8) was used to determine the reduction equivalent dose (RED) in off-site validation of UV reactor and computational ... four different reactors The each reactor was quipped with 3, 4, and germicidal lumps (100W) respectively The reactors equipped with and lamps were made from a 159.2 mm (ID) stainless Fig Schematic...
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Khái niệm Acid-base trong hóa hữu cơ

Khái niệm Acid-base trong hóa hữu cơ

Ngày tải lên : 19/10/2013, 09:20
... + HO Base Acid H2O + CH2_CHO Base (carbanion) Acid Chú ý: Một acid mạnh base liên hợp base yếu Một acid yếu base liên hợp base mạnh 50 - CH3 CH2 + BH B Base mạnh Acid yếu - + + Acid yếu Base ... tác acid base: Nớc dung môi có tính base CH3COOH + H2O Acid Base H3O+ + CH3COOAcid Base Hoà tan muối acid hữu vào nớc, có tơng tác acid -base : Nớc dung môi có tính acid H2O + CH3COO Base Acid ... tơng tác acid -base, tạo carbocation trung gian trớc lúc tạo thành alcol H3PO4 + CH3 CH=CH2 Acid Base + CH3CH_CH3 + Acid - H2PO4 Base Một số phản ứng có xúc tác base có trình tơng tác acid base để...
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Chương 9 Rối loạn cân bằng acid - Base

Chương 9 Rối loạn cân bằng acid - Base

Ngày tải lên : 28/10/2013, 04:15
... phần: acid yếu muối base mạnh base yếu với muối với acid mạnh Ví dụ hệ đệm bicarbonat gồm H2CO3/ NaHCO3 (acid yếu: H2CO3) /muối base mạnh: NaOH), hệ đệm NH4OH/NH4Cl (base yếu: NH4OH/muối acid ... trương lên) II Rối loạn cân Acid- Base Khi có rối loạn cân hai trình acid hóa base hóa thể, dẫn đến nhiễm độc acid nhiễm độc base Nhiễm độc acid 1.1 Định nghĩa Nhiễm độc acid hay nhiễm toan trình ... loạn cân acid- base kiểu hô hấp + - Các ion H liên kết với anion cố định, không bay (SO42-, PO43-, lactat, ) chịu trách nhiệm rối loạn cân acidbase kiểu chuyển hóa Khái niệm kiềm dư (BE: base excess)...
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Tài liệu THĂNG BẰNG ACID- BASE doc

Tài liệu THĂNG BẰNG ACID- BASE doc

Ngày tải lên : 22/12/2013, 23:17
... bi thn v phi Cỏc kiu ri lon thng bng acid- base i cng Cỏc chuyn hoỏ luụn luụn sinh acid, base, nhng pH mỏu luụn n nh 7,36 nh h m Hờ m l cỏc dung dch cha acid yu v mui ca nú, cú kh nng lm gim ... -Protein/ Proteinat -acid hu c/ mui acid hu c -acid hu c/ mui acid hu C ch m hệ bicarbonat + H2O CO2Ht CO2FN H2CO3 H+ + HCO3- - H2O [CO2] hũa tan = pCO2 ph nang ( = 0,03 mmol/l) Khi acid mnh (AH) xõm ... loạn thăng acid- base Do hô hấp Nhim base: Nguyờn nhõn: tng kớch thớch hụ hp: xuỏt huyt nóo, u nóo, viờm nóo, tng thụng khớ nhõn to pH mỏu tng, pCO2 gim, pHCO3- gim Rối loạn thăng acid- base Do...
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Tài liệu CÂN BẰNG ACID – BASE CỦA THẬN PHÂN TÍCH KHÍ TRONG MÁU ppt

Tài liệu CÂN BẰNG ACID – BASE CỦA THẬN PHÂN TÍCH KHÍ TRONG MÁU ppt

Ngày tải lên : 23/12/2013, 00:16
... mạch  BB (Base Buffer): kiềm đệm  BE (Base Excess): kiềm dư, gọi blood base excess  BBE (Blood base excess): kiềm dư máu CÁC CHỮ VIẾT TẮT  BE ecf (Base excess of extracellular fluid) : kiềm ... chuyển hóa • Tăng sx acid khơng bay hơi: nhiễm toan thể ceton TĐ, nhiễm toan acid lactic, ngộ độc salicylate • Mất bicarbonate: tiêu chảy, thuốc ức chế men CA • Giảm thải trừ acid suy thận cấp mạn ... CÁC CHỮ VIẾT TẮT  BE ecf (Base excess of extracellular fluid) : kiềm dư dòch ngoại bào, gọi standard base excess (SBE-st): kiềm dư chuẩn  CO2T (Total CO2): lượng carbon dioxide tổng cộng  FiO2...
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Tài liệu Giáo trình Rối loạn cân bằng Acid Base docx

Tài liệu Giáo trình Rối loạn cân bằng Acid Base docx

Ngày tải lên : 23/01/2014, 01:20
... Henderson - Hasselbalch: - pH = 6,1 + log ([HCO3 ] / 0,03 PCO2) [H+] = 24 x (PCO2 / [HCO3 ]) - ⇒RLCB Acid - Bases gắn liền với thay đổi PCO2 / HCO3 - Cơ thể đứng trước mối đe dọa nhiễm toan sinh học CH ... hóa hay hô h Bù trừ ? hế ? Nguyên nhân c thiết can thiệp không ? Có cần ? Can thiệp Phân tích Acid- Base, Bạn cần có công cụ ? Khí máu (pH, CO2) Điện giải đồ (Na, Cl, HCO3) Máy tính bỏ túi 30 giây ... Nhiễm toan bù Nếu pH>7,45 → Nhiễm kiềm bù Nếu pH≈7,35 - 7,45 → Còn hệ đệm, phổi, thận bù RLCB acid - base có loại ? pH7,45 Nhiễm kiềm HCO3-↑ Chuyển...
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Tài liệu Using Prince2 to Enhance guide experience and knowledge base ppt

Tài liệu Using Prince2 to Enhance guide experience and knowledge base ppt

Ngày tải lên : 24/01/2014, 09:20
... tools, techniques or standards to the work; how work is to be reviewed, checked and approved; how work is to be returned; and how issues, problems and status are to be handled and reported The Work ... products have been handed over and accepted by the Customer, and (c) arrangements for the support and operation of project products are in place PRINCE2 does not have “core” and “facilitating” ... authorization and receipt of work; issue and change management; status collection, analysis and reporting; viability consideration; corrective action; and escalation of concerns to the Project Board and...
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