... monetary
system, financial markets, financial institution, and financial coordination and
supervision.
In China, institution building inthefinancialsector takes place against the
backdrop of financial ... policy
instruments.
C. Sequencing of institution building inthefinancial sector
The sequencing of institution building inthefinancialsector may differ from
country to country. However, there are some experiences ... sector
1. The relationship between financial opening and financial security
China’s decision to join the WTO signifies a step forward inthe opening of
financial sector to the outside world. In the...
... Companies
1
In order to attract foreign investment into Vietnam, the government has introduced the law on
foreign investment, offered a lot of incentives including tax. After thefinancial turmoil in the
Southeast ... the increasing private investment and the risk exposure of
the lenders necessitate researches in risk mitigation in project financing in Vietnam,
particularly in private sector. On the other hand, ... guarantees.
From the establishment of the Joint Venture in December 1993, it took almost two years to
achieve financial closing in October 1995, only a few months after the groundbreaking in
Honchong. The...
... understanding of the basic concepts of gender
mainstreaming, and the ways in which these are linked to health and HIV, there is the
goal of increasing understanding of these concepts. On the other ...
from its use.
Designed by minimum graphics
Printed in INDIA
WHO Library Cataloguing -in- Publication Data
Integrating gender into HIV/AIDS programmes inthe health sector: tool to
improve responsiveness ...
empowering approach enabling women to regain control over their
lives, helping them to make choices and set goals, and encouraging
them to believe in and nurture themselves. Training was developed...
... percent of the recurrent
budget on health. Government is also committed to maintaining the integrity of the
health SWAp at least inthe medium term.
The implications of the changing financing context ... determines the
agenda for the health summit; UNFPA sits at the business meetings and also
participates in negotiating and signing of the aide mémoire. In 2004 UNFPA
worked with the MOH and other ... protocols.
Financing reforms did not discriminate in favor of RH services; nevertheless, since
the late nineties the country has been introducing exemptions that have increasingly
focused...
... country (2).
The role of the private sector
Shifting the financing and/or delivery of health
services from the public to the private sector is
another key component of health sector reform in
many ... (2).
Growth inthe size and influence of civil society
in Brazil since the 1980s has facilitated the positive
change. Increasingly democratic processes have
lengthened the policy decision-making process, ... facing increasing
pressure from donors to achieve financial sustain-
ability, which, in turn, is forcing some to charge
clients escalating prices for care. Indeed, a number of
NGOs are relying increasingly...
... specific to the use of ICTs
in the health sectorin developing countries. A summary of these key lessons as they relate
to intermediaries and beneficiaries, to improving the functioning of health ...
determined needs
Integrate and mainstream the use of ICTs
into existing programmes and systems
2. Successful inclusion of ICTs in ongoing
health programming depends on the active
involvement ... to the internet and computers skills (women, lower ranked professionals).
Example 3: Improving access to information in India
The Health InterNetwork (HIN) India project (www.hin.org .in) ...
... particularly inthe health sector, is challenging.
ere is little, though growing, experience in invoking human
rights to ensure international commitments, such as those
stated inthe Convention on the ... participating inthe initiative, students
reported feeling more condent in protesting and
registering complaints against unwanted sexual advances
(girls – 51% to 79%; boys – 48% to 66%), a nding ... workers unknowingly
care for women who are living in violent relationships, while
maintaining silence around the issue.
16
In light of the Pacic
country data demonstrating the high prevalence...
... nonprofit sectors. The Rein-
venting Government Movement has been incorporated into several chapters. In-
terest-based ("win-win") negotiation is a prominent theme in discussions of the
bargaining ... determine their very
existence inthe next few decades.
The intent of this initial chapter is to discuss the history and development
of unionization and collective bargaining inthe private sector ... of its own in perpe-
trating acts of arson and murder inthe Pennsylvania coal mines.
Many opposing union philosophies competed for the allegiance of the
American working class during the late...
... reawakened interest in improving working
and living conditions inthe shipping industry. The Office’s programme on decent work
in the maritime industry played a major role in improving the promotion ... “study, examine and clarify the role of the ‘genuine link’ in relation to the
duty of the flag States to exercise effective control over ships flying their flags, including
fishing vessels”. ... ILO’s
International Training Centre in Turin.
International meetings
52. The Government of France also provided the necessary financial support to allow
the High-level Tripartite Working Group...
... counseling and
testing (VCT)
Demonstrates the government’s commitment to
responding to HIV&AIDS. The inclusion of the
education sector shows the recognition of the
role of thesectorinthe ... teacher training provided in the
countries of the Caribbean. This typically includes training in life skills
education and in relation to delivering HIV prevention messages.
Teacher training, however, ... promoting the sharing of information and
capacity building on national education sector responses to HIV
throughout the Caribbean, with the overall goal of strengthening
the role of the education sector...
... taken a number of steps for furthering financial
inclusion through mainstream financial institutions by offering a minimum
of four financial products, namely, (a) a savings cum overdraft account, ... entities inthe
financial system. Incidentally even the Act does not make any mention
of interest rates except that the total interest cannot exceed the
principal amount of the loan. On the other ... loans.
2.5 The players inthe Microfinance sector can be classified as falling into
three main groups
a) The SHG-Bank linkage Model accounting for about 58% of the
outstanding loan portfolio...
... accounting thinking inthe business sector was
strongly dynamic in nature.
2
The Finnish municipalities adopted the dynamic
accrual accounting model in their financial accounting reform in 1997, ... spending. Inthe case
study, the opacity of thefinancial accounts was caused by the inclusion in the
Finnish municipal accounting regulations of certain concepts that mislead rather
than help the ... Publishing Ltd
CREATIVE ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING INTHE PUBLIC SECTOR 101
on the subject, is ‘earnings management’, but such terms as ‘income smoothing’,
‘earnings smoothing’, financial engineering’,...
... mechanisms, including insurance for the poor.
The Bali Action Plan and many Submissions by Parties identify
a central role for risk sharing and insurance instruments.
Although the private insurance industry ... crops for fear of
losing them, and falling into debt. Thus, a critical task for the
public sector will be to support the private sectorin creating
financial risk sharing and management approaches ...
Foot-printing, Eco-standards and Inclusive Supply Chain,
Forestry, Infrastructure Advisory, Green buildings/standards,
Micro-finance, Insurance, Sustainable Investment,
Community Investment, Investment...
... h
reflecting workers in dewatering functions (i.e.,
getting logs out of the water into the mill), and
loading ships.
Pulp & paper - 5% marine component reflecting h
in- house shipping crew at the ... marine focus.
Discussion with individuals inthe forest industry
suggest the following approximations for the marine
share of coastal forest activity:
Logging - 2% marine component reflecting ... Ocean Sectors
There are many other sectors inthe B.C. economy
that are dependent on the ocean environment.
However, most of these sectors will be addressed
implicitly inthe analysis of indirect...