... Hitzeman et al (1995) proposed a constraintbased approach taking into account tense, aspect, temporal adverbials, and rhetorical structure to analyze a discourse Recently, groups have used machine ... ones: states and occurrences We determine the features using procedures attached to each grammatical construct we extract The grammatical features aspect and tense are straightforward anda direct ... theories and an attempt to unify them, Bennett and Galton (2004) classified the most influential formalisms along three lines A first approach is to consider events as transitions between states as in...
... class of the antecedent distance in markables between anaphor and antecedent (1 20) same agreement of anaphor and antecedent? same grammatical role of anaphor and antecedent? same semantic class ... science, arts and entertainment, and travel The MMAX Annotation Tool The manual annotation of the training data was done with the MMAX (Multi-Modal Annotation in XML) annotation tool (M¨ ller and Strube, ... classi- ana agr ana semclass* ante npform ante gramrole ante agr ante semclass* dist same agr same gramrole same semclass* and antecedent - NP form, grammatical role, semantic class - are extracted...
... and anaphora resolution Journal of Semantics, 17(1):51–89 Ihaka, Ross & Robert Gentleman (1996) R: A language for data analysis and graphics Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics, ... number of anaphorically accessible Sand VP-markables between anaphor and potential antecedent The feature ante tfifd (23) is supposed to capture the relative importance of an expression for a dialogue ... In New Approaches to Discourse Anaphora: Proceedings of the Second Colloquium on Discourse Anaphora and Anaphor Resolution (DAARC2), pp 68–81 Dagan, Ido & Alon Itai (1991) A statistical filter...
... sizes: maximal and average NP length maximal and average AJP length maximal and average PP length maximal and average AVP length sentence length On a lexical level, the presence of out of vocabulary ... the advantages and possible uses of this automatic evaluation methodology 5.1 Advantages of the approach Once an appropriate set of features has been selected and tools to automatically extract ... be necessary to distinguish between human andmachine translations Any linguistic feature that can be reliably extracted can be proposed as a candidate feature to the decision tree tools The...
... formalization of similarity-based approach would be essential, as pattern-based approach is enhanced with the supervised machinelearning In this paper, we propose a novel approachto automatic ... Dekang Lin 1998 Automatic retrieval and clustering of similar words Proc of COLING/ACL 98, 786–774 Shachar Mirkin, Ido Dagan, and Maayan Geffet 2006 Integrating pattern-based and distributional ... bill* company* operation organization* The author would like to thank Assoc Prof Katsuhiko Toyama and Assis Prof Yasuhiro Ogawa for their kind supervision and advice References program DFEAT project...
... allow multiple answers Performance can be evaluated in a more realistic way by applying a softer standard, e.g., by evaluating manually Conclusion We have presented a novel approachto grammatical ... generally enha- nces the overall performance The base classifiers can be expected to become more informative as more data are provided We followed the structural learningapproach (Ando and Zhang, ... Knight and I Chander 1994 Automated postediting of documents In Proceedings of AAAI, pp 779-784 J Lee 2004 Automatic article restoration In Proceedings of HLT-NAACL, pp 31-36 R Nagata, A Kawai,...
... Figure 6 (a) ) and those windows preceding and following this wave are presented in frames and in Figure 6 (a) The same analysis related toa segment that may be recognized as a pseudo-Pwave is also ... extracted The widths of the subbands were not uniform and had a dyadic structure The lowest two bands had the same bandwidth, and the following subbands were twice as wide as the preceding subbands ... note that the SVMs trained with 256dimensional raw AE data had quite poor performance, where the AUC was 0.39 and 0.31 for datasets SR1 and SR2 We also examined the performance of a combination...
... market analysis and prediction, support vector machine in bioinformatics and cheminformatics Machinelearning uses computational and statistical methods to build mathematical models, and make inference ... hypothetical protein sequence AEAAAEAEEAAAAAEAEEEAAEEAEEEAAE, as shown in Figure 2-8, which has 16 alanines (n1=16) and 14 glutamic acids (n2=14) The composition for these two amino acids are n1×100.00/(n1+n2)=53.33 ... sequence-specific-pairing approach [80] MiRNAs could bind to mRNA targets at on 3’-UTRs and repress translation and mediate degradation [72] The regulation mechanism of miRNAs in plants and animals are different...
... For Going Multilingual In A Global Age John Benjamins Publishers Tony Veale and Andy Way 1997 Gaijin: A template-based bootstrapping approachto examplebased machine translation In Proceedings ... Machine translation with a stochastic grammatical channel In Proceedings of ACL’98, pages 1408–1414, Montreal, Canada Kenji Yamada and Kevin Knight 2001 A syntaxbased statistical translation model ... statistical machine translation In Proceedings of the EMNLP and VLC, pages 20–28, University of Maryland, Maryland S Sato 1992 CTM: an example-based translation aid system using the character-based match...
... integrated into a phrasebased decoder serving as additional distortion features We evaluated our approach on large-scale Japanese-English and English-Japanese machine translation tasks, and experimental ... Search andLearning for the Linear Ordering Problem with an Application toMachine Translation Ph.D Thesis Karthik Visweswariah, Jiri Navratil, Jeffrey Sorensen, Vijil Chenthamarakshan and Nandakishore ... Dongdong Zhang, Mu Li and Ming Zhou and Yi Guan 2007 A Probabilistic Approachto Syntax-based Reordering for Statistical Machine Translation In Proc ACL, pages 720-727 Yang Liu, Qun Liu, and Shouxun...
... organizations, and by managers of large multinational companies and international NGOs It is popular with final-year undergraduates and MBA and Master's students of business, management and marketing ... the marketing team Total immersion encouraged a rapid growth of market and technical expertise and this favoured commercially patentable innovation (Step of The 9S Approach) Bureaucracy and administrative ... China, India and the Middle East, and maybe later against the currencies of Russia and Brazil International money markets may become nervous about lending to Greece, Spain, Portugal, Ireland,...
... frequent in a prediction and it creates as many separate frames as are needed to give every participant/argument its own frame The remaining participants/arguments are added to the nearest frame For ... is harmful in language learningMachine Learning, Special issue on Natural Language Learning, 34:11–41 W Daelemans, J Zavrel, K Van der Sloot, andA Van den Bosch 2007 TiMBL: Tilburg memory based ... development data because the gold test data have not been made available 62 (1) IFN-alpha enhanced tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT1, STAT3, STAT4, STAT 5a, and STAT5b We use the IB1 algorithm as implemented...
... North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics Conference (HLT/NAACL) Hany Hassan, Khalil Sima’an, and Andy Way 2007 Supertagged phrase-based statistical machine translation ... Dekai Wu 1997 Stochastic inversion transduction grammars and bilingual parsing of parallel corpora Computational Linguistics, 23(3) Andreas Zollmann and Ashish Venugopal 2006 Syntax augmented machine ... implementations for the hierarchical and syntax-augmented grammars Apart from the language model, the lexical, phrasal, and (for the syntax grammar) labelconditioned features, and the rule, target...
... two factors: continuation classes s defined by paradigm descriptions, and classes of surface allomorphs The latter is a cross-classification of the paradigms according to phonological and graphemic ... simplified, and does not show an important aspect of the parser, namely, it retains the unification-based approach introduced in the morphological analyzer This means that all atomic elements in a phrase ... ity+PL+GEN behave as ity itself (Example 1) Therefore, every affix array is represented by its starting affix9 Each equivalence class and each paradigm is given an abstract name, that is, each existing...
... two factors: continuation classes s defined by paradigm descriptions, and classes of surface allomorphs The latter is a cross-classification of the paradigms according to phonological and graphemic ... simplified, and does not show an important aspect of the parser, namely, it retains the unification-based approach introduced in the morphological analyzer This means that all atomic elements in a phrase ... ity+PL+GEN behave as ity itself (Example 1) Therefore, every affix array is represented by its starting affix9 Each equivalence class and each paradigm is given an abstract name, that is, each existing...
... speak English as a second language and face a number of educational challenges Many teachers of struggling students and English language learners (ELLs) avoid teaching strategic reading and analytical ... self-confident, and more able to analyze and interpret Each year, I implement new approaches I’m learning in the Pathway Project to add to my students’ repertoires and engage students in guided practice as ... 11:22 AM OLSON AND L ANDA Cognitive Strategies Approachto Reading and Writing 295 Image Grammar is also cool I write a sentence with participles I paint a picture With my pen in my hand The final...
... LREC Las Palmas, Gran Canaria, pages 1499–1504 Callaway, Charles B and James C Lester 2002 Narrative prose generation Artificial Intelligence 2(139):213–252 Chambers, Nathanael and Dan Jurafsky ... much hand coding For example, Duboue and McKeown (2002) and Barzilay and Lapata (2005) propose to learn a content planner from a parallel corpus Mellish et al (1998) advocate stochastic search ... children’s stories (see Figure for an example) These stories exhibit several recurrent patterns and are thus amenable toa data-driven approach Although they have limited vocabulary and nonelaborate...
... Joskera Lantegi Herri Arduralar itzaren Euskal Erakundea Gasteiz, Basque Country (Spain) Aldezabal I., Aranzabe M., Arrieta B., Maritxalar M., Oronoz M 2003 Toward a punctuation checker Hardt D ... Editors Workshop on International Proofing Tools and Language Technologies University of Patras (Greece) Aranzabe M., Arriola J.M., Díaz de Ilarraza A 2004 Towards a Dependency Parser of Basque ... on Re cent Advances in Dependency Grammar Geneva (Switzerland) Bayraktar M., Say B., Akman V 1998 An Analysis of English Punctuation: the special case of comma International Journal of Corpus...