... oxidized, reduced products and H2 production A positive correlation between formation of oxidized products (acetate, butyrate) and hydrogen production, and a negative correlation between the reduced ... carrier gas used was helium at 24 mL/min The injector and detector temperatures were set to 200 and 250 ºC, respectively COD was analyzed according to US standard 522 0D [15] Glucose was analyzed using ... reducing ferrodoxin (Fd), with the action of pyruvate ferrodoxin oxidoreductase, which is then oxidized by a hydrogenase that in turn regenerates oxidized ferrodoxin (Fdox) and molecular hydrogen...
... comprehensive and rigorous treatment of the technology of producing and transporting naturalgas The design of a development plan for a naturalgas field always depends on the reservoir and well characteristics, ... can be used as a text or reference work for students and practicing engineers, geologists, and managers in the crude oil andnaturalgasproduction industry Chapters to serve as an introduction ... of natural gases and condensate systems that are of importance in solving gas well performance, gas production, andgas transmission problems Chapter discusses some concepts of thermodynamics that...
... sophisticated and demanding dependent producer–user relationship in which it is increasingly difficult for GI producers to understand the extent of the repurposing of their data New and diverse user demands ... knowledge, and today knowledge is being embedded into machines and algorithms and delivered via the information products and services those machines offer to nonexpert users Everyone can read a ... fast in 1997 ), and miniscule compared to media content (376 billion euro — 5% of EU gross domestic product, or GDP, in 1998 ) (Prodger and Sutherland, 1997 ; Waltham, 2002; Garribba, 1999 ) This...
... assist with developing individual and collective minds and manners, and contribute to the intellectual and artistic development of different societies and groups.” Understanding the rights of others ... Information is also considered to be nonrival and nonappropriable and tends to exhibit high elasticity of demand (Pluijmers and Weiss, 2001) Shapiro and Varian contend that only two models exist in a ... and disaster management, certainly an added positive value for society Public goods are defined as any good that is nonrivalrous, i.e., consumption of the good by one individual does not reduce...
... 8–9), and “topo maps lagged further and further behind the landscape they represented Today, the maps are only sporadically updated, and some are 57 years old” (Brown, 2002, p 1874) Outdated maps, ... there are budget cuts, increasingly sophisticated and demanding markets for data usage, and collaborative funding strategies Second, and more importantly, the PSI data held below the federal level ... reducing turnaround time, and also making you the de facto baggage handler), food/accommodation problems if flights are delayed,* etc.} Indeed, if you really carefully read the terms and conditions...
... the brand Price may be related not to the traditional component costs of production, but to a higher value based on brand and exclusivity Hermes, Versace, and other designer clothing and fashion ... news/technology/1,71275-0.html (accessed June 30, 2006) Bates, M.E andD Andersen 2002, April Free, Fee-Based and Value-Added Information Services Factiva http://www.factiva.com/index.asp?node=menuElem0 (accessed May 17, ... topographic data for Egypt, including roads, demographics, and related data that allow service planning Vodafone is also looking at returns on investment through value-added services using the data (Vodafone,...
... individual- and household-level data becoming widely produced by both statistical agencies and credit/marketing companies, and with remote sensing devices able to identify and track individuals, ... extended the GI supply chain beyond that of owning and using data, to a sophisticated and demanding dependent relationship where it is increasingly difficult for GI producers to understand the ... Probably not, and in the history of GI, the framework that may best be used is flow-enhanced disintermediation, wherein “embedded old intermediaries are displaced by disembedded new intermediaries”...
... needed and used GI, procedures, and technology for building and using the data, and institutional relationships and business practices that support the environment • Is expected to facilitate production ... completed in 1993 and published in 1994 (before the executive order was issued) had already concluded that the successful creation of the foundation data sets needed to support an NSDI (NRC MSC, 1990 ) ... analyses, and practical issues such as standards for metadata and data, how data would be delivered to users, access principles (and cost regimes), etc While advances in technology and especially...
... medical conditions but not others, or be required to pay for some services or medicines and not others, or pay different prices depending upon how much medicine is needed and over what period ... information productionandconsumption First, there is a growing mismatch between organization speed and market speed In organization speed, we include the speed with which legislation and regulation ... Pricing, Production, andConsumption other users — via click-pay advertising and sales of nonfree versions of the software to higher-end users Google Earth also showed itself to be understanding...
... Consumptionand Renewable Supply Additional Resources [slide 3] [slide 4] [slide 5] [slide 6] [slide 7] [slide 8] [slide 9] [slide 10] [slide 11] [slide 12] [slide 13] [slide 14] [slide 15] [slide 16] ... Sources Peak Production of Petroleum in US Projected World Peak Production of Petroleum Projected World Peak Production of Petroleum Regional Shares of Crude Oil World Oil Production World Total Primary ... air and water heating Wind Hydropower Biomass Ocean energy Geothermal Waste to Energy Peak Production of Petroleum in US Projected World Peak Production of Petroleum 1999 Regional Shares of Crude...
... naturalgas is being produced and generally includes a mixture of either liquid or gaseous hydrocarbons, produced water, dissolved or suspended solids, produced solids such as sand or silt, and injected ... Produced Waters from Conventional Oil andGasProduction Organic constituents are normally either dispersed or dissolved in produced water and include oil and grease and a number of dissolved ... Produced Solids Produced water can contain precipitated solids, sand and silt, carbonates, clays, proppant, corrosion products, and other suspended solids derived from the producing formation and...
... value, and have to be discretized by rounding The simulated rounded values are then used as a dependent variable to estimate parameters of both the unconstrained and the constrained models (ii) and ... technological Terroir and technology in the Haut-Médoc region Data on the Haut-Médoc region were collected during the winter and spring of 1990 1991 by Andras and Muriel Monzak who conducted interviews ... gravel-sandy and sandy Some soils are better than others and deep gravel beds (like in Pauillac) seem to be the best, though there are outstanding wines produced in the much poorer gravel-sandy region...
... bodies, and other stakeholder groups and citizens have issued studies or scrutinized the environmental implications and potential risks of expanding oil andgasproduction on public lands and ... related to regional oil andgas production, focusing on air, water, and land issues; • Assess environmental releases to air, water, and land resulting from current and projected oil andgasproduction ... INTRODUCTION Policy Issues Several federal, regional, state, and industry initiatives designed to address environmental issues in oil andgasproduction are identified and discussed within the body...
... pipeline and processing, Royalties, and Other goods and services The third and final section requested data on the number of rigs operating, wells drilled to total depth, andproduction of dry natural ... endogenous and depend upon energy prices and economic activity driving energy demand and the choice of electricity generation capacity The feedback of final electricity demand on the demand for ... endogenous and depend upon energy prices and economic activity driving energy demand and the choice of electricity generation capacity The feedback of final electricity demand on the demand for...
... standard issued The agency must conduct technology reviews of these standards every eight years EPA’s existing air toxics standards for oil andnaturalgas production, and the standards for natural ... required by the Clean Air Act: a new source performance standard for VOCs; a new source performance standard for sulfur dioxide; an air toxics standard for major sources of oil andnaturalgas production; ... performance standards and the major source air toxic standards for the oil andnaturalgas industry In February 2010, the U.S District Court for the District of Columbia issued a consent decree that...
... Michigan database The means and standard deviations of each dependent and independent variable for each dataset are shown in the Table The descriptive statistics for the …rm-level multinational dataset ... details can be found in the text Appendix: Additional Equilibrium Conditions and Results Here we provide additional results concerning parent …rms, close the model, and provide a fundamental comparative ... endogenous, mark-up adjusted demand level in a Northern country in industry i, and CiA (') is given by equation (14) Totally di¤erentiating (18) and holding …xed Ai , we …nd that the elasticity...
... be drilled on the site In addition to land disturbed for building the well pad, three to four acres are disturbed per pad for roads and utilities to service the pad 1.2 Drilling Most shale gas ... identified outdated laws regulating the disposal of produced water and well construction standards Upon identification of deficiencies, improved regulations were developed, which are expected ... shale gas typically consumes between 7,090,000 and 16,810,000 gallons of water per well Once the gas is produced, it is processed, transported and distributed, and ultimately used Water consumption...
... operations and the royalty and other payments to land owners will stimulate business activity throughout the economy and induce households and businesses to spend earnings on additional goods and services ... United States, greater energy import dependency and higher trade deficits could be avoided Liquid fuel imports also could be displaced if these new naturalgas resources could be utilized in ... naturalgasproduction declined to 18.9 TCF Expanding use of gas in power generation and declining production, contributed to rising prices during this period (see Figure 3) Since 2005 U.S natural gas...
... andgas exploration andproduction process The oil andgas industry comprises two parts: ‘upstream’— the exploration andproduction sector of the industry; and ‘downstream’—the sector which deals ... exploration andproduction industry are manifested at both local andglobal levels They include: habitat protection and biodiversity, air emissions, marine and freshwater discharges, incidents and oil ... photographs were kindly supplied by Shell International Exploration andProduction B.V This report was designed and produced by Words and Publications, Oxford, United Kingdom It is printed on chlorine-free...